NATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAM OF THE WATER RESOURCES DIVISION, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, FISCAL YEAR 1991 Compiled by Martha L. Nichols and Linda C. Friedman U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 92-38 RESTON, VIRGINIA 1991 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director For additional information bpies of this report can be write to: purchased from: Chief, Office of Hydrologic Research U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports Section 436 National Center federal Center, Box 25425 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Denver, Colorado 80225 Reston, Virginia 22092 The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 1 ECOLOGY .................................................................... 5 CR 84 286 Interactions Between Organic Solutes and Trace Metals in Natural Waters, and Their Ecological Role .................................. 6 PROJECT CHIEF: McKnight, Diane M. CR 85 293 The Role of Chemical Fluxes in the Biogeochemistry of Inland Surface Waters, Including Lakes, Reservoirs, and Wetlands ........... 10 PROJECT CHIEF: LaBaugh, James W. CR 86 295 Microbial Transformation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Aquatic Environments ......................................... 12 PROJECT CHIEF: Smith, Richard L. CR 88 312 Ecological Interactions of Lakes and Streams ........................ 15 PROJECT CHIEF: Averett, Robert C. CR 91 320 Characterization of Biotic and Biogeochemical Interactions at Environmental Interfaces ...................................... 17 PROJECT CHIEF: Striegl Robert G. CR 90 323 Interdisciplinary Research Initiative at the Shingobee Headwaters Research Area, Minnesota ........................................ 19 PROJECT CHIEF: Winter, Thomas C. and Averett, Robert C. NR 73 090 Remote Sensing and Ecological Research in Wetlands ................ 21 PROJECT CHIEF: Carter, Virginia P. NR 87 136 Modeling of Microbially Catalyzed Geochemical Reactions in Aquatic Environments ......................................... 24 PROJECT CHIEF: Lovley, Derek R. NR 90 145 Vegetation and Hydrogeomorphic Relations ........................ 27 PROJECT CHIEF: Hupp, Cliff R. WR 61 012 Limnology: Controls on Distribution and Composition of Benthic Communities of Inland Aquatic Ecosystems ................. 29 PROJECT CHIEF: Slack, Keith V. WR 68 046 Geochemistry of Riverine and Estuarine Waters ..................... 31 PROJECT CHIEF: Peterson, David H. WR 71 068 Fate of Organic Chemicals in Subsurface Environments .............. 34 PROJECT CHIEF: Codsy, Edward M. WR 75 125 Availability of Trace Elements in Sediments to Aquatic Organisms .............................................. 36 PROJECT CHIEF: Luoma, Samuel N. WR 75 137 Effects of Toxic Substances on Aquati£ Communities ................ 39 PROJECT CHIEF: Leland, Harry K WR 76 145 Biotic Response to Climatic Variability and Human Impacts in arid lands .................................................... 41 PROJECT CHIEF: Betancourt, Julio WR 79 164 Plankton Dynamics in Tidal Estuaries .............................. 45 PROJECT CHIEF: Cloern, James E WR 81 174 Microbial Biogeochemistry of Aquatic Environments ................. 48 PROJECT CHIEF: Oremland, Ronald S. WR 84 186 Biotic Interface with Fluvial Transport: Processes Associated with Dissolved Solutes in Transport ................................ 51 PROJECT CHIEF: Triska, Frank J. WR 86 190 Solute Transport Involving Biological Processes in Surface Waters .................................................. 54 PROJECT CHIEF: Kuwabara, James S. WR 86 191 Interaction of Bacteria with Environmental Contaminants and Solid Surfaces in the Aquatic Environment ...................... 57 PROJECT CHIEF: Harvey, Ronald W. WR 86 192 Environmental Influences on Estuarinei Benthic Community Dynamics ....................................................... 60 PROJECT CHIEF: Nichols, Frederiq H. GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENT .......................................... 63 CR 75 102 Movement and Storage of Sediment in River Systems .................. 64 PROJECT CHIEF: Meade, Robert H. CR 65 105 Effects of Water and Sediment Discharges on Channel Morphology ...... 66 PROJECT CHIEF: Williams, Garnet) P. CR 74 187 Hydraulics and Mechanics of Bedload Transport Processes ............ 68 PROJECT CHIEF: Emmett, William W. CR 81 266 Transport and Deposition of Sediments and Sediment Borne Contaminants in Tidal Rivers and Estuaries ......................... 71 PROJECT CHIEF: Glenn, Jerry L. CR 82 273 River Mechanics .................................................. 73 PROJECT CHIEF: Andrews, Edmund D. CR 87 309 Sediment Transported Pollutants in the Mississippi River ............. 76 PROJECT CHIEF: Meade, Robert //. 11 CR 79 311 Sediment Impacts from Disturbed and Undisturbed Lands ............. 78 PROJECT CHIEF: Osterkamp, Waite R. CR 88 313 Sediment Water Chemistry in Large River Systems: Biogeochemical, Geomorphic, and Human Controls ................... 81 PROJECT CHIEF: Stallard, Robert F. WR 89 200 Response of Fluvial Systems to Climatic Variability .................. 84 PROJECT CHIEF: Webb, Robert H. GROUND-WATER CHEMISTRY ................................................ 87 CR 77 223 Transuranium Research ........................................... 88 PROJECT CHIEF: Cleveland, Jesse M. CR 82 276 Geochemistry of Clay-Water Reactions .............................. 90 PROJECT CHIEF: Eberl, Dennis D. CR 83 283 Environmental Dynamics of Persistent Organic Compounds ............ 93 PROJECT CHIEF: Chiou, Cary T. CR 89 318 Reaction-Transport Modeling in Ground-Water systems ................ 96 PROJECT CHIEF: Parkhurst, David L. NR 69 020 Mineral-Water Interaction in Saline Environments .................... 98 PROJECT CHIEF: Jones, Blair F. NR 57-034 Spatial Distribution of Chemical Constituents in Ground Water ....... 101 PROJECT CHIEF: Back, William NR 74 041 Interface of Paleoclimatology and Aquifer Geochemistry ............. 104 PROJECT CHIEF: Winograd, Isaac J. NR 76 056 Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Chemical Evolution in Ground-Water Systems ........................................... 106 PROJECT CHIEF: Plummer, L. Niel NR 75 064 Physical Chemistry of Stable Isotope Fractionation in Hydrologic Processes ............................................ 110 PROJECT CHIEF: Coplen, Tyler B. NR 79-093 Chemical Models of Natural Systems................................ 113 PROJECT CHIEF: Thorstenson, Donald C. NR 81 122 Dispersion of Toxic and Radioactive Wastes in Ground-Water Systems ........................................... 115 PROJECT CHIEF: Wood, Warren W. NR 83 129 Comparative Study of Organic Degradation in Selected Hydrogeologic Environments ..................................... 117 PROJECT CHIEF: Baedecker, Mary Jo in NR 79 132 Relationship Between Chemical Quality of Natural Waters and Human Health and Disease ................................... 119 PROJECT CHIEF: Feder, Gerald L. NR 82 138 Uranium-Thorium Series Radioisotopes in Ground-Water and Surface-Water Systems ........................................... 121 PROJECT CHIEF: Kraemer, Thomas F. WR 68 036 Factors Determining Solute Transfer iri the Unsaturated Zone ........ 123 PROJECT CHIEF: James, Ronald J^r WR 70 065 Partitioning of Solutes between Solid ajid Aqueous Phases ............ 125 PROJECT CHIEF: Davis, James A., \III WR 91 080 Stable Isotope Tracers of Biogeochemic^l and Hydrologic Proces ....... 128 PROJECT CHIEF: Kendall, Carol WR 75 128 Chemical Modeling and Thermodynamiic Data Evaluation of Major and Trace Elements in Acid Mine Waters and Ground Waters .......... 131 PROJECT CHIEF: Nordstrom, Darrell K. WR 76 139 Geochemistry of Water in Fine Grained Sediments ................... 134 PROJECT CHIEF: Kharaka, Yousif K. WR 79 165 Chemical and Isotope Studies of Thermal Waters of the Western United States ............................................ 137 PROJECT CHIEF: Mariner, Robert H. WR 84 189 Chemistry of Aquatic Organic Matter .............................. 140 PROJECT CHIEF: Goerlitz, Donald F. WR 88 196 Geochemical Reactions Between Water and Mineral Substrates ........ 143 PROJECT CHIEF: White, Arthur F. GROUND-WATER HYDROLOGY .............................................. 147 CR 74 090 The Role of Lakes in the Hydrologic System, with Emphasis on Their Relation to Ground Water ................................ 148 PROJECT CHIEF: Winter, Thomas C. CR 64 140 Borehole Geophysics as Applied to Geohydrology .................... 150 PROJECT CHIEF: Paillet, Frederic^ L. CR 76 191 Mathematical Simulation of Subsurface- Water Flow Using Uncertain and Incomplete Data ............... 154 PROJECT CHIEF: Cooley, Richard L. CR 69 200 Field Applications of Unsaturated Zone Flow Theory ................ 156 PROJECT CHIEF: Weeks, Edwin P. CR 85 292 Ground-Water Solute-Transport Simulation ......................... 159 PROJECT CHIEF: Kipp, Kenneth L. IV CR 90 319 Application of Stochastic Processes in Hydrogeology ................. 162 PROJECT CHIEF: Naff, Richard L. NR 81 035 Hydrologic Behavior of Cretaceous Shales .......................... 164 PROJECT CHIEF: Neuzil, Christopher E. NR 78 089 Investigations of Single and Multiphase Fluid Flow, Mass and Energy Transport, and Fluid Phase Change in the Subsurface Environment ......................................... 166 PROJECT CHIEF: Voss, Clifford /. NR 81 120 Digital Modeling of Transport in the Saturated Zone