Proceedings of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, Volume 11 (1976) Authors Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Publisher Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Download date 09/10/2021 04:43:55 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/316119 1976 Volume 11 Proceedings Supplement Journ 1 of the TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING and THE FIFTY-SECOND A UAL MEETING Southwestern and Rocky Mountain Division American Association for the Advancement of Science April 28 - May I, 1976 Braniff Place Hotel Tucson, Arizona 1975-76 Annual Reports Participating Societies Arizona Junior Academy of Science American Water Resources Association Arizona Beseercb Entomologists APRIL 1976 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20th ANNUAL MEETING of the ARIZONA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE April 28 to May 1, 1975-Marriott Hotel, Tucson, Arizona INDEX Page Special Events . • . • . • . • • • • . 1 Abstracts of Papers Presented at Section Meetings POSTER SESSION ..•. 2 ANTHROPOLOGY. • 6 ARID ZONE STUDIES. • • . 15 BOTANICAL SCIENCES. • •.• 25 CONSERVATION. • • . •••.•.. 41 ENTOMOLOGY .....••.•..... 46 GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY. 52 GEOGRAPHY ... .. 64 GEOLOGY • . • • • • • . 81 HYDROLOGY . • . 98 PHYSICAL SCIENCES . · . 113 PSYCHOLOGY ....•.•... · 120 SCIENCE EDUCATION .... 130 SOCIAL SCIENCES . · . 138 ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCES • • . • . .•• · 144 Reports of Officers and Committees of the AcademY Officers and Section Chairman. · 168 Committee Roster ...•........••• · • 169 President's Report . · 170 Minutes of the Annual Meeting • • . • • 171 Treasurer's Report •. · . 173 Membership Secretary .. · 175 Nominating Committee. · 175 Fellows Committee . · 176 Scholarship Committee •....... · . 176 State Science Talent Search ... · . 176 Outstanding Science Teacher Award . · 176 Editorial Board . • . •.. · 177 Necrology Committee ..•.......•. • . 177 Continued History of the AcademY . · 177 Past Outstanding Science Teacher's Award. · 178 Past Science Talent Search Winners ....•. · . 179 Annual Arizona Academy of Science Addresses . 180 Address of Retiring Presidents .. · . 180 Past Scholarship Recipients. • . 181 Past Symposia ......•.. · '82 Past Officers-Junior AcademY ... · . 183 SPECIAL EVENTS BANQUETS and LUNCHEONS Thursday, April 29, 1976 Luncheon and Annual Business Meeting AAAS-SWARM 12:00 Friday, April 30, 1976 Arizona AcademY of Science Business Meeting 11 : 15 - 12: 00 Arizona AcademY of Science Awards Luncheon 12 :00 President's Evening - AAAS 5:30 p.m. AAAS-SWARM and AAS Banquet - Presidential Address 7:00 p.m. PROGRAMS Thursday, April 29, 1976 John Wesley Powell Memorial Lecture Arthur W. Galston, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut "Explorations of an American Biologist in Communist Asia" 1 POSTER SECT! ON 1. ION EXCHANGE DATING OF ARID ZONE SEDIMENTS (POSTER PRESENTATION) J. A. Schufle and R. C. Beckhart (New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, New Mexico) The ion exchange dating method for arid zone sediments, first proposed in 1963 by Schufle and Hassan, has been used in a number of areas in New Mexico, and one area in Chile, and is proving useful for corroboration of dates for archae­ ological sites. A current project on the Gallinas River in northern New Mexico may help in establishing the date of an archaeological site there which is being studied by the Department of Anthropology of Highlands University. 2. CHROMOSO�1ES, MITOSIS AND MEIEOIS IN MACHAERANTHERA TANACETIFOLIA Max P. Dunford (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico) The diploid chromosome number in Machaeranthera tanacetifo11a {H.S.K.} Nees is eight. The chromosomes are relatively large and morphologically distinct on the basis of size and centromere position differences. These differences may be recognized in mitotic chromosomes from root tips, and meiotic chromosomes observed at telophase II. At meiosis four bivalents are formed. In the later stages of prophase I 46 percent of the PMC·s have three rod bivalents (with one chiasma) and one ring bivalent (with two chiasmata) while at metaphase I and early anaphase I this configuration occurred in 37.5 percent of the PMC's. One of the rod bivalents begins anaphase I movement early and is often dis­ joined before the other btval ents begtn separation.. Tel ophase I shows four chromosomes pe� group, as does telopnase II, CQunts of pollen grains indicate over' 9'8 'percent of -samples' are vfable� 3. EVOLUTIONARY CONSERVATION OF PLANT HISTONES 1'·1arsha Chery and Robert G. McDaniel (University of Arizona) Evolutionary stability of histones, the basic proteins of the nucleus considered general repressors of genetic transcription, is striking. Organisms as cow and pea possess histones whose amino acid sequences are nearly identical. We have studied histones representative of the spectrum of evolution within the plant kingdom. Histones were extracted from isolated nuclei of representative cryptogams and angiosperms. These proteins were resolved into five major fractions (I, IIb2, lIb, III, and IV; Bonner, et al.s 1968) by polyacrylamide disc gel electro­ phoresis. Densitometer scans quantitated differences in proportions and migra­ tion rates of individual histone fractions. Previous work has established that histone IV is the most evolutionary stable fraction. Our data indicate nearly identical migration rates of histone IV in both primitive and advanced plants. In contrast, histone I migration rates were highly variable. In primitive plants, such as Equisetum, histone I was more Similar to histone IV than in advanced plants, based on electrophoretic migra­ tion distance. These data support the highly conservative evolution of histone IV and provide a comparative measure of the evolutionary divergence of histone I. A molecular comparison of phytogenetic relatedness of plant species may be made based upon histones. 2 4. DRINKING WATER FROM SEAWATER BY FOR1�ARD OSr·10SIS Charles D. Moody and John O. Kessler (University of Arizona) One of the most interesting situations where forward osmosis may be applied is in the derivation of emergency potable water supplies for humans in small ocean vessels such as lifeboats. The forward osmosis extractor can reduce the weight required to store food and water by a factor of six by transferring water from the sea into a concentrated nutrient solution. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that the membrane area required to supply the daily water requirement is small and that the product nutrient solution contains water and nutrients in the ,correct proportion to meet human water and caloric requirements. 5. FEASIBILITY OF USING SOLAR ENERGY FOR IRRIGATION PUMPING Dennis Larson, D. D. Fangmeier, W. G. Matlock and John Day (University of Arizona) Solar energy ;s an alternative continuing energy source which could potentially power irrigation pumps. However, solar energy is availab1e a limited amount of time each day; presently irrigation pumps operate around the clock. Solar energy use might necessitate increased pumping rates, energy storage or reduced water usage. Alternatively, solar energy might be used in conjunction with an another power source such as electricity. The engineering and economic feasi­ bility of solar energy for irrigation pumping in Southwestern agriculture is analyzed and reported in this paper. 6. SIMULATION OF PARTIAL AREA RESPONSE FROM Sr1ALL SEMIARID WATERSHEDS Leonard J. Lane and Delmer E. Wallace (Southwest Watershed' Research Center, Tucson� Arizon�) The partial area respDns� concept is investigated using rainfall and runoff data from small semiarid watersheds on the Santa Rita Experimental Range and the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in Southern Arizona. A kinematic cas­ cade model is used, which allows infiltration (and thus rainfall excess) to vary in time and space. Components of the model correspond to geomorphically similar subzones of the watershed as determined from aerial photographs. The percent contributing area is determined as an average over a series of rainfall­ runoff events and for individual storms using the calibrated kinematic cascade model. The study also examines the interaction between the complexity of the simulation model and the rainfall-excess estimation procedures. Optimal hydraulic roughness coefficients vary with model complexity and with rainfall­ excess variability. In contrast to more humid areas where partial area response is directly related to subsurface flow, runoff from these semiarid watersheds is ephemeral and is surface runoff. However, the partial area concept appears valid under these conditions. 7. A POTENTIAL FOR SUPPLYING PROTEIN TO MALNOURISHED PEOPLES Vern McMahon (University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming) A thermophilic alga which was isolated from an acid. hot-springs in Yellowstone National Park contains 65% of its dry weight as protein. Extrapolation of growth yield data from laboratory culture tanks to acre ponds, heated with industrial waste heat (e.g., thermal heat wastes from conventional coal-burning or nuclear power plants), suggests that yields could approach 100 tons of protein per acre per year. While its dietary essential amino acids are adequate as compared to casein and as determined in rat feeding experiments, major pro�lems exist in producing a 3 synthetic food which might be an acceptable product (e.g., high nucleic acid content, palatability and acceptability) for human consumption. On the other hand, such a protein source could be used as feed for livestock or incorporated into a synthetic fish food. Consideration will be given to this food source in terms of design of large culture tanks, economic