CONFLUENCES 10 Dance, (e)merge, Theatre Hosted by CENTRE FOR THEATRE, DANCE AND PERFORMANCE STUDIES FACULTY OF HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN 29-31 August 2019 Conference Chair: Dr Gerard M. Samuel Conference Organiser: Sharon Friedman Conference Committee: Dr. Gerard M. Samuel, Sharon Friedman, Lisa Wilson, Jacki Job Proceedings edited by: Sharon Friedman Technical Supervisors: Shane van Rheede, Ronel Jordaan Published and distributed by: Centre for Theatre, Dance and Performance Studies This collection of papers has been compiled from electronic copies provided by individual authors. In order to achieve a volume speedily available to the conference, any editing and proof reading has been done in the interest of standardised formatting. Individual Contributions: © 2019 by individual contributors. Collection as a whole: © 2019 Centre for Theatre, Dance & Performance Studies. ISBN 978-1-990958-00-7 WELCOME & OPENING ADDRESS CONFLUENCES 10TH ANNIVERSARY Good morning everyone. What a cause for celebration our 10th anniversary event is for the Centre for Theatre, Dance and Performance Studies, The Institute of Creative Arts, for all of you gathered here as our visiting keynoters, delegates, students, friends and associates of University of Cape Town and for me as your Chair in 2019 of Dance, (e)merge, Theatre! It bears recollection that the emergence of a dance conference such as ours has a proud heritage and genealogy and for me is testimony to the tenacity of Dance scholars that have come before me, some of whom like Sharon Friedman here, have remained; shaping, nudging and sometimes thrusting the burning questions of the time for consideration before small committees committed to a dialogue that is unashamedly focused on Dance and its discourses. I would like to suggest that Confluences has endeavoured to remain mindful of the shifting places and titling times (to borrow from our colleague Jay Pather’s title of his dance work in the late 1990s) in the Southern African landscape. Since 1997, Confluences has sought to articulate not only topical issues of dance, echoing in parallel the larger concerns of important, international sister organisations such as the Congress of Research in Dance and the Society of Dance History Scholars but to pay attention to our own geopolitical space, glaring economic differences and rich cultural diversity. When we look back, I noticed how Dance located its epistemological territory in terms of anthropology, ethnomusicology and not unsurprisingly frequently returned to questions of pedagogy, history and aesthetics. Naturally, we too wanted to eXplore the notion of choreography beyond dance making and investigated how the notion of voice and agency is manifest through dance. Interestingly, we seem to have avoided a conference that looked squarely at the subject of Ballet in South Africa given the dominance and privileged position which this art form had secured for itself in the 20th century. We were certainly courageous enough to eXplore social dance (as opposed to concert theatre dance forms) which led to a re-focus on mass culture and urban culture and question whose dance we are teaching. Cultural Studies and Music have been recurring spaces for our deepening enquiry and over the twenty years of our eXistence we have benefitted from the astute and enquiring minds of Keynotes such as Professor Brenda DiXon Gottschild, Professor Julia Buckroyd, Professor Sue Stinson and Professor Sherry Shapiro to name just a few. Sometimes our esteemed guests 2 have returned to us on more than one occasion, and here I refer to Vincent Mantsoe. Few will have forgotten his riveting performances and for some, the troubling of their comfort, as his out of body, deep spiritual calling reverberated in the studios of the former School of Dance. Yes, we have tackled awkward or uncomfortable themes such as Dance, Religion and Spirituality even when at times such notions may have little space in secular academia. In 2015, we devoted our energies to rethinking the negotiation of contemporary dance in Africa amidst the necessary upheavals of what became a full blown national student protest that later saw a shut-down of 23 Universities and ultimately the prize of #Feesmustfall campaign. In true democratic fashion we have begged to differ with one another even as we encouraged more diverse opinion and research. Our intimate conference has acknowledged the challenges of gathering a dance community whether this was: offers of bursaries to post graduate students from other local universities and reduced rates for SADAC countries, transport for potential young dancers to attend our range of activities over the conference period, free performance and workshops, and we have enjoyed support and leverage from key arts institutions such as the National Arts Council of SA in previous years. All our many efforts have been consistently supported by the University of Cape Town and it is in no small measure that we owe a debt of gratitude to our alma mater. Over the past twenty years we have been able to consistently publish a peer reviewed conference Proceedings which we once again commit to for our 10th anniversary. Our work to date includes over 100 papers; over 20 performances, and workshops or masterclasses, shared biographic information and all the key note addresses even when there have been more than one per conference. This accomplishment warrants even more publication and perhaps a further book or sequel to Post Apartheid dance: many bodies, many voices many stories published in 2012 is warranted at this juncture? I am particularly pleased that since 2008, we have been able to regularly host a biennial scholarly dance conference in the southern African region. The impact of our work should not be underestimated, and more work still needs to be done to determine more accurately the number of citations which we enjoy in other tertiary educational settings (academies, colleges, and universities). Who knows whether our work has followed our delegates return to Uganda, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Denmark, Sweden, The Netherlands, UK, The USA, India, Brazil, Peru. 3 As the evolution of the study of Dance gathers momentum, and even greater intersections emerge in fields such as Theatre and Performance Studies, it may be preemptive for me to definitively suggest what new territories may lie ahead. As the site for such discovery remains the body, and as a dance researcher, I continue to remain curious about the state of our becoming which I maintain dance elicits. What is it that Dance allows us to see that other modalities in performance obscures and/or erases? If dance is not different from theatre then how does theatre allow us to read dance and, similarly, in what manner does dance permit a particular knowing of theatre? What is the new knowledge that as performers we produce when our roots are entangled and suffocated by what I call a terra (jn)firma? The ground on which we tread is blood soaked but it is also as Balindile Ngcobo reminded me, dripping in mother’s milk. How can we nourish the articulation of the neXt generation of performing artists as they become seen in so many unseen paradigms? I am confident that our conference under the leadership of such critical voices such as Rolando Vazquez and Nadine George-Graves, and indeed so many of you, will begin to ‘step over the line of control’ as our most recent key note speaker Anita Ratnam in 2017 had admonished us to do. It is my wish that on this august occasion and 10th anniversary, each one of you will have the opportunity to pause for reflection, spit out your possibilities and action your dance-theatre of the 21st century for the many visible generations of Confluence(r)s to come. I wish you an enriching, mind boggling, energising Confluences 10! Thank you. Dr Gerard M. Samuel Chair: Confluences 10 4 WELCOME & OPENING ADDRESS CONFLUENCES 10TH ANNIVERSARY 2 PART I – KEYNOTE SPEAKERS 9 Academic Bedfellows: Genres, Genealogies and Gestures 9 Dr Nadine George-Graves 9 The Ohio State University: Department of Theatre and the Department of Dance 9 Decoloniality, Dance and the End of the Contemporary 22 Dr Rolando Vázquez 22 University College Roosevelt, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands 22 PART II – SCHOLARLY PAPERS 36 Opening through ecology: conceptualising the role of open-platform, immersive performance experiences within the closedspaces of the university. 36 Alan Parker 36 Rhodes University: Drama Department 36 Gavin Krastin 36 Independent Artist, Rhodes University Associate 36 Towards vocational training of the south African dancer: anxiety or agency? 45 Dr Janine Lewis and Jeannette Ziady 45 Tshwane University of Technology: Department of Entertainment Technology: Faculty of the Arts 45 The Namasagali Experience: Performing Utopia 64 Jill Pribyl 64 UCT: Centre for Theatre, Dance and Performance Studies. PhD. Candidate 64 The precarious (yet persistent) existence of dance in Danish academia 79 Dr Karen Vedel 79 University of Copenhagen: Department of Arts and Cultural Studies 79 Decolonizing Choreographic Practices: Gender Dimensions 88 Dr Ketu H. Katrak 88 University of California, Irvine: Department of Drama 88 Before Naming: Immediacy as a compositional tool to exercise the movement of the present 100 Kristina Johnstone 100 University of Pretoria: School of the Arts. 100 Thalia Laric 100 Independent Artist 100 Dance education as agent of social cohesion: A critical approach 108 Dr Marelize MarX-van heerden 108 5 Nelson Mandela University: Faculty of Education