Ubuntu Server CLI pro tips Networking Packages Files Get the IP address of all interfaces Search for packages List files Create directories recursively networkctl status apt search <string> ls mkdir -p <directory1>/<directory2> BASIC snap find <string> Display all IP addresses of the host List files with permissions and dates Delete a directory recursively List available updates hostna m e -I ls -al rm -r <directory> apt list --upgradable Enable/disable interface Apply all available updates Common file operations Quick file search create empty: touch <filename> locate <q> ip link set <interface> up sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade ip link set <interface> down create with content: echo "<content>" > <filename> Install from the Ubuntu archive: append content: echo "<content>" >> <filename> Search string in file Manage firewall rules sudo apt install <package> display a text file: cat <file> grep <string> <filename> enable firewall: sudo ufw enable copy: cp <file> <target filename> Install from the snap store: move/rename: mv <file> <target directory/filename> Search string recursively in list rules: sudo ufw status sudo snap install <package> delete: rm <file> directory allow port: sudo ufw allow <port> grep -Iris <string> <directory> deny port: sudo ufw deny <port> Which package provides this file? Create a directory sudo apt install apt-file mkdir <directory> Connect remotely through SSH sudo apt-file update ssh <user>@<host IP> apt-file <filename or command> Security Ubuntu release cadence Show which users are logged in Automatically detect and ban w abusive IP addresses Ubuntu .04 TS sudo apt install fail2ban Get password expiration date for Ubnt 9.10 <user> Show banned IP addresses Ubnt 9.04 chage -l <user> sudo fail2ban-client status Ubuntu 8.0 TS Set password expiration sudo fail2ban-client status <jail> Ubuntu 6.0 TS date for <user> Get the support status for installed sudo chage <user> packages Ubuntu 4.0 TS Lock a user account ubuntu-support-status 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 202 2022 2023 202 2025 202 202 2028 2029 200 2031 sudo passwd -l <user> Enable kernel live patching Unlock a user account sudo snap install canonical-livepatch Hardware and maintenance pdates Interim release sudo passwd -u <user> sudo canonical-livepatch enable <token> Maintenance pdates Extended security maintenance for customers List open ports and associated Visit ubuntu.com/livepatch to get a processes free token for up to 3 machines. sudo netstat -tulpn 2020 Ubuntu Server CLI pro tips Files Kubernetes and containers Find files modified in the last n minutes Pack a directory into an archive Install MicroK8s and list available add-ons Or another distro find <directory> -mmin -<n> -type f zip: zip -r <target> <source dir> sudo snap install microk8s --classic lxc launch images:centos/8/amd64 eg. find . -mmin -5 -type f t a r.g z: tar cvzf <target>.tar.gz <source dir> microk8s.status --wait-ready <container name> Show only the nth column Unpack an archive Enable a MicroK8s add-on Get a shell inside a LXD container ADVANCED col<n> “<separator>” <filename> zip: unzip <zip file> microk8s.enable <service> lxc exec <name> -- /bin/bash eg. col2 “,” foo.csv t a r.g z: tar xf <tar.gz file> View MicroK8s nodes and running services Push a file to a LXD container Display file paginated Copy file to remote server microk8s.kubectl get nodes lxc file push <filename> less <filename> scp <filename> <user@server>:<destination> microk8s.kubectl get services <container name>/<path> eg. scp config.yaml [email protected]:/config Display first n lines More MicroK8s help at microk8s.io/docs Pull a file from a LXD container head -n <n> <filename> Copy directory recursively lxc file pull <destination> from remote server Launch a LXD container <container name>/<file path> Display last n lines scp -r <user@server>:<source> <destination> lxd init tail -n <n> <filename> eg. scp -r [email protected]:/config /tmp lxc launch ubuntu:18.04 <container name> More LXD help at linuxcontainers.org/lxd Follow file content as it increases tail -f <filename> Virtualisation Install Multipass and launch List existing VMs System an Ubuntu VM multipass list sudo snap install multipass --classic Display kernel version Get the list of recent logins multipass launch <image> --name <VM name> Get a shell inside a VM uname -r last multipass shell <VM name> Omitting <image> will launch a VM with Get disk usage Display running processes the latest Ubuntu LTS More Multipass help at df -h htop discourse.ubuntu.com Find available images Get memory usage Kill process by id multipass find cat /proc/meminfo kill <process id> Get system time Kill process by name timedatectl status pkill <process name> OpenStack Set system timezone Run command in the background Install OpenStack and launch timedatectl list-timezones <command> & an instance sudo timedatectl set-timezone <zone> sudo snap install microstack --classic Display background commands sudo microstack.init Get all running services jobs microstack.launch systemctl --state running Bring command <n> to the foreground The Horizon dashboard is available at 10.20.20.1 Start or stop a service fg <n> Default credentials: admin / keystone service <service> start/stop More MicroStack help at microstack.run/docs Monitor new logs for a service journalctl -u <service> --since now -f 2020.