ISSN 0867-3888, e-ISSN 2353-5962 AKADEMIA WYCHOWANIA FI ZYCZ NE GO IM. BRONISŁAWA CZECHA W KRA KO WIE FOLIA TURISTICA Vol. 37 – 2015 Anthropology of tourism KRAKÓW 2015 Editor-in-chief: Wiesław Alejziak Scientific Council: Stefan Bosiacki – Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland Zbigniew Dziubiński – University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland Milan Ďuriček – University of Presov, Slovakia Grzegorz Gołembski – Poznań University of Economics, Poland Magdalena Kachniewska – Warsaw School of Economics, Poland Marek Kazimierczak – Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland Andrzej Kowalczyk – University of Warsaw, Poland Stanisław Liszewski – University of Lodz, Poland Barbara Marciszewska – Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Krzysztof Podemski – Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland Andrzej Rapacz – Wrocław University of Economics, Poland Boris Vukonić – University of Zagreb, Croatia Janusz Zdebski – Holy Cross University in Kielce, Poland Michał Żemła – Katowice School of Economics, Poland Editors of this Volume: Magdalena Banaszkiewicz, Sabina Owsianowska Editorial Board: Wiesław Alejziak, Zygmunt Kruczek – Associate Editor, Andrzej Matuszyk, Sabina Owsianowska, Ryszard Winiarski, Maria Zowisło Editorial Board Secretary: Bartosz Szczechowicz Papers peer-reviewed Adjustment: Katarzyna Smith-Nowak, AmE Native – native speaker proofreading, Stanisław Matusik – Statistical Editor Address: Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego al. Jana Pawła II 78, 31-571 Kraków, Pawilon IV, pok. 316, tel. +48 12 6831139 Declaration concerning publication of primal version of the journal We wish to inform that in relation to all papers published in Folia Turistica, the version which is considered to be primal is the printed one. ISSN 0867-3888, e-ISSN 2353-5962 © Copyright by University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland DTP: Ryszard Sasorski Print: Drukarnia Eikon Plus Dominik Sieńko, ul. Wybickiego 46, 31-302 Kraków Vol. 37 FOLIA TURISTICA 2015 CONTENTS From the editors .................................... 5 Graham M.S. Dann, Jens Kr. Steen Jacobsen: Saving or sharing tourist experiences: selfishness or selflessness? ............... 13 Gregory S. Szarycz: A post-structural critique of the language of ‘ex- perience’ in tourism research .......................... 31 Julia Murrmann: Revisiting Znaniecki’s cultural theory: different forms of contemporary tourism in terms of their contribution to ‘the world culture society’ ............................... 53 Humberto Thome-Ortiz, Sergio Moctezuma-Pérez: Leisure time and food memory: an anthropological approach to culinary tourism in Central Mexico .................................. 69 Anna Maćkowiak: International tourism and local religious traditions on two Indonesian islands ............................ 85 Aleksandra Gutowska: Going beyond poverty tourism? The narra- tives of Kibera residents and their meanings constructed within the frame of slum tours ................................. 99 Marta Hoffmann: Making Nice nice: virtual visiting cards of Nice from a constructivist perspective ........................ 123 Sabina Owsianowska, Magdalena Banaszkiewicz: Dissonant her- itage in tourism promotion: certified tourism products in Poland ... 145 Małgorzata Nieszczerzewska: Female-oriented tourist guidebooks: Po- lish case studies ................................... 167 Jagoda Komusińska: Impact of EURO 2012 on the perceived attrac- tiveness of Kraków among foreign tourists .................. 187 CONFERENCE REPORT Magdalena Banaszkiewicz, Sabina Owsianowska: Report from the International Scientific Conference “Anthropology of Tourism – Heritage and Perspectives” ............................ 205 Reviewers in the Year 2015 ............................ 211 Information and Instructions for Authors ................ 219 Vol. 37 FOLIA TURISTICA 2015 SPIS TREŚCI Od redaktorów ..................................... 5 Graham M.S. Dann, Jens Kr. Steen Jacobsen: Doświadczenia tury- styczne – zachowywać czy dzielić się: egozim czy bezinteresowność? .. 13 Gregory S. Szarycz: Poststrukturalistyczna krytyka “doświadcze- nia” w badaniach nad turystyką ....................... 31 Julia Murrmann: Z dorobku Znanieckiego: koncepcja społeczeństwa światowej kultury a współczesne formy turystyki .............. 53 Humberto Thome-Ortiz, Sergio Moctezuma-Pérez: Czas wolny a pamięć o jedzeniu: turystyka kulinarna Meksyku Środkowego w ujęciu antropologicznym ............................ 69 Anna Maćkowiak: Międzynarodowa turystyka i lokalne zwyczaje reli- gijne na dwóch indonezyjskich wyspach ................... 85 Aleksandra Gutowska: Wykraczając poza ‘bieda’ turystykę? Narracje mieszkańców Kibery i ich znaczenia konstruowane w ramach wycie- czek po slumsie .................................... 99 Marta Hoffmann: Tworzenie “miłej Nicei”: wirtualne wizytówki Nicei w perspektywie konstruktywistycznej .................... 123 Sabina Owsianowska, Magdalena Banaszkiewicz: Trudne dzie- dzictwo w promocji turystyki: certyfikowane produkty turystyczne w Polsce ........................................ 145 Małgorzata Nieszczerzewska: Przewodniki turystyczne dla kobiet: polskie studium przypadku ............................ 167 Jagoda Komusińska: Wpływ Euro 2012 na atrakcyjność Krakowa w percepcji turystów zagranicznych ....................... 187 SPRAWOZDANIE Z KONFERENCJI Magdalena Banaszkiewicz, Sabina Owsianowska: Sprawozdanie z konferencji “Antropologia turystyki – dziedzictwo i perspektywy” .. 205 Recenzenci w roku 2015 .............................. 211 Informacje i instrukcje dla autorów ...................... 219 Vol. 37 FOLIA TURISTICA 2015 FROM THE EDITORS The anthropology of tourism, as a sub-discipline of anthropology, emerged about 40 years ago in the circle of American anthropologists [Smith 1977]. The need to identify the theoretical basis for research on the experi- ence of visitors-guests, their relationships with representatives of the host communities, and the impact of the development of the tourism industry on people and places was associated with the processes of democratization and commercialization of travel. Tourism ceased to be just a privilege of the elite, explorers and researchers, but became a universally accessible “pro- duct”. Both trends have significantly influenced the development of travel patterns, themes and experiences of tourists. They also caused changes in various spheres of life of local communities, the number of which visitors dynamically increased from year to year: while in 1950 25 million interna- tional trips were recorded, in 1980, there were 278 million and in 2012, the number exceeded the magic limit of 1 billion [UNWTO 2015, electr. doc.]. The economic, ecological and socio-cultural benefits of the development of international tourism was accompanied by negative consequences of uncon- trolled expansion, especially in the less developed countries of the Global South where the tourism industry is analysed also in the context of postco- lonialism [see Tucker, Akama 2009]. Representatives of the humanities and social sciences have treated mass tourism for a long time with reserve and even with contempt: as trivial entertainment or an irresponsible activity, which results in the destruction of the traditional lifestyle and culture of the inhabitants. However, tour- ism theorists, deriving from different basic disciplines, have emphasized the fact that tourism cannot be assessed only in economic terms as a lucrative business and source of income, because it is inseparable from a human be- ing and culture. Issues such as the relationship between hosts and guests; renegotiation of the importance of heritage while creating attractions and tourism products; irreversible transformation of the natural environment; ideas, images and communicative signs in the discourse of tourism; post-co- lonialism; globalization, etc. aroused the interest of anthropologists and scholars of other disciplines referring to ethnographic research. The desire for an individual to see a perfect place, to regenerate one’s strengths and experience an adventure has become a part of a complicated tourist system. The attempt to make tourism more responsible, environmentally, cultu- 6 FROM THE EDITORS rally, socially and economically ‘friendly’ for places and local communities has contributed in the 1980s to the formulation of principles of sustainable tourism development [Weaver 2007; Krippendorf 1987]. Although the discussion on distinguishing the sub-discipline is ongoing, knowledge and experience drawn from anthropology are important from the point of view of researchers of contemporary travel. Repeatedly pointed to is the fact that the dynamic development of tourism in the second half of the twentieth century surprised the representatives of the social sciences and humanities. They did not foresee that this “individual consumer be- haviour” would become an important factor in shaping social and cultural life [Franklin, Crang 2001; Podemski 2008]. At the same time, even then in the early 1970s, among the eminent anthropologists and sociologists from the so-called first generation of tourism researchers, there were comments that drew attention to the excessively one-sided and superficial treatment of tourism [see Nash, ed. 2007]. Their studies were much less institutional- ized than those in the early twenty-first century, and critical views – more dispersed. For the second and third generations of researchers, tourism has taken efforts to build a more integrated and interdisciplinary field of know- ledge