J A PA N E S E G O L D F I S H THEIR V ARIETI ES AN D CU LTIV ATION A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE JAPANESE METHODS OF GOLDFISH CULTURE FOR AMATEURS AND PROFESSIONALS B IT V Y HUGH M . SM H UNITED STATES DEPUTY COM MISSIONER OF FISHERIES residen of the merica n Fisheries ocie l 9o7-8 P t A S ty, ecre tar - Genera of the ourh n ernai ona sher Con rw I 908 S y l F t I t t l Fi y c , Fellow of the Ameri ca n A ssoci ation for the Advanceme nt of Science em er of the ash n i on A a dem of Scienoea Biolo ia l oc e of ash n on etc . M b W i gt y . g S ty W i gt . H onorary Member of the Imperial and Royal A u st ri an Fishery Society The Imperial R uss i an Society of Fish C u lture and Fishin g The Salmon and Trou ssocia ion of G reat B r a n and t A t it i . Correspondin g Member of the German Se a Fishery Society «3» WASHINGTON W . R B R Y U BL H R F . T O E S COMPAN . P IS E S 1 909 CO P Y I G H T 1 0 R , 9 9 B Y F RO B E T S O M P AN Y W . R C I N CO RP OR AT E D H I N N D . AS GTO . W , C CONTENTS PAGE o f a o n —T H E E GG I ) List ill u str ti s IV PARENT Pis u , TH E AN I n tro d u cti o n TH E I I ATC H I N G a o n an d m a n o f oo — The c re , selecti , ti g the br d I GEN ERAL A SPECTS O F Go unr l s n CULTURE m JAPAN fi s ll O O C 0 Q i O Q l D 0 C The sp aw n i n g p o n d s an d their prep arati o n I mp o rt an ce O f t h e go l d fish t o t h e J ap an ese a an d o m n The eggs , their c re d e vel p e t pe ople O n o f t he o an d it s in a an ‘ rigi g l d fish c u lt u re J p V o o n O A N n O F l i n u F , GR WTH , CARE TH E s Ce n ters o f t h e i n d u stry Li vi n g cr u st acean fo o d an d it s c u lti v ati o n — I I JAPA NESE Go wn s “ R un -t ans Other f oo d s an d their prep arati o n The Fish Care o f t h e y o u n g fish E v o l uti on o f t h e V arieties Gro wth an d co l o r ch an ges The Wit h i n S o rti n g an d selecti n g t he fish Th e Ryuk in Tr an sp ortati o n o f go l d fish Ran eh u The — - V I D is EAs es A N D F ATA L I T HZ S OF EGGS AND F i s n The O rzn n la S his h igzt s hir n D emek in — ‘ The VI I T H E STANDARDS O F Q I A I J T Y A M » TH E T RA nE The D eme - R zm eh u I N GO L DF I S I I \ 'V a o n n i The t a o n a an d o n F shi s , criteri , exhibiti s The Sh u ki n S al es an d prices The Sh u b u n ki n ‘ — P Gou m s n A The K in ran s hi VI I I JA AN ESE I N M ERICA — H isto rical an d other n o tes I I I Gown s ” BREEDI NG E S TA B LIS H M ENTS AN D o f o r o ' l d l ' G fish c u t u re pr fit TH E I R GEN ERAL E ol l m mx r A N n M A N 0 I l t I I on f o r m a n a n n a ’ S uggesti s i t i i g go ldfish q u ari a AGE M E N T in o m o o an d o fi the h e . sch l . f ce Go l d fish f arm s Literat u re cited Gener al p r in c ipl es o f breed i n g The p o n d s an d t h e w ater s u pply I n d ex 27 1 6 1 9 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS O O ) or O “ C L REI PLATES JAPAN ESE G LDFISH . PAGE From w ater- co l o r p ai n ti n gs fro m SELECT I N G A ND SORTING Y O U NG GO LDFIS H F OR a 76 Ii te by J . U r ta REARING 7 T h e \\ aki n A N I M PO RTED R x U R I N F I O I I I I s pI cI c ' h f ld R kin m a o o a Dr . R W . S u e t The yu Fro ph t gr ph by . The Ran ch u o r M ar uk o T H E W ILD G OLDFI S H The Oran d a S his higas hir a D I AGRA M o r TYPES OF CAUDAL FI N The D emekin D ORSAL VIEW OF A H I GH LY - CULTI V ATED R Y U K I N D m —R an c hu The e e A fter W at ase . The TYPES OF TH E R A N C H U O R MARU R O VAR I ETY The Sh u ki n D UTC H LI O N - HEAD The Sh u b u n ki n V I EW I N A TO K YO G OLDFI S H ESTA B L I S H M ENT K in r an s hi The A fter M it s u k u r i. OV D D I B U I I RL ES . O RE M I NG UST , RT , , ETC , FR M GO LDFISH S PAWN I NG O N WILLO W ROOTS I N A M u n SPAWN I NG PO ND - P O N D 0 0 0 O o o n o t o o n o 0 T E N T CUTS OF CERTA I N V A R I E T I E s O F GO L DF I S I I ' O I RI I s T Ac E A N s A s F OO D F R \ C LLECTING M N UTE C O A fter I I it s n k u r i. ' GO LDFI S H W aki n FEEDI NG ENTO M O STRACA To YO U NG GO LDFI S H I N Ryu kin CO NCRETE P ON Ds R an ch u D RAWING D O W N A CO NCRETE REARI NG P O N n Oran d a S his higas hira TRAN SFERR I NG GO LDFIS H FRY FRO M O N E PO ND To D em ek in A N OTH ER Sh u ki n I N A N I M PORTED R Y U K . h I e I t f a men at t h e B reau o f r D . h D r . R . S u d o F r o m a p h oto g r ap by W speci u Fishe ies , C - n in o o r fi f t h s n a u r a z . T h e p ar ts wh ich appear bl ack ar e ve r m ili o r ed life . Ab ut f u t l si e INTRODUCTION H ER E exi st s i n t h e U n i ted S tates great and gro wi n g i n terest i n t h e keepi n g a n d cultivatio n o f f Japa n ese a n d ot h er races of go ldfis h . T h is i n terest i s o n e p h ase o t h e n otewort h y a m ou n t of 0 I ( I s t u d v atte n t io n n ow devoted by you n g a n d to t h e a n d care o f l ivi n g creatures , a n d is aided by f m r i l f o r t h e facility O O bt ai n i n g at reaso n able prices desi rable at e a stocki n g aquaria a n d po n ds .