Solaris 10 Container Guide - Functionality status up to Solaris 10 10/09 and OpenSolaris 2009.06 - Detlef Drewanz, Ulrich Gräf, et al. Sun Microsystems GmbH Effective: 30/11/2009 Functionalities Use Cases Best Practices Cookbooks Version 3.1-en Solaris 10 Container Guide - 3.1 Effective: 30/11/2009 Table of contents Disclaimer....................................................................................................................................................VI Revision control............................................................................................................................................VI 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................1 2. Functionality..............................................................................................................................................2 2.1. Solaris Containers and Solaris Zones................................................................................................2 2.1.1. Overview................................................................................................................................2 2.1.2. Zones and software installation..............................................................................................4 2.1.3. Zones and security.................................................................................................................4 2.1.4. Zones and privileges..............................................................................................................4 2.1.5. Zones and resource management..........................................................................................5 2.1.5.1. CPU resources...............................................................................................................................................5 2.1.5.2. Memory resource management......................................................................................................................6 2.1.5.3. Network resource management (IPQoS = IP Quality of Service)...................................................................6 2.1.6. User interfaces for zones.......................................................................................................6 2.1.7. Zones and high availability.....................................................................................................7 2.1.8. Branded zones (Linux and Solaris 8/Solaris 9 compatibility)..................................................7 2.1.9. Solaris container cluster (aka "zone cluster") ........................................................................8 2.2. Virtualization technologies compared.................................................................................................9 2.2.1. Domains/physical partitions..................................................................................................10 2.2.2. Logical partitions..................................................................................................................11 2.2.3. Containers (Solaris zones) in an OS....................................................................................12 2.2.4. Consolidation in one computer.............................................................................................13 2.2.5. Summary of virtualization technologies................................................................................14 3. Use Cases...............................................................................................................................................16 3.1. Grid computing with isolation............................................................................................................16 3.2. Small web servers............................................................................................................................17 3.3. Multi-network consolidation..............................................................................................................18 3.4. Multi-network monitoring..................................................................................................................19 3.5. Multi-network backup........................................................................................................................20 3.6. Consolidation development/test/integration/production....................................................................21 3.7. Consolidation of test systems...........................................................................................................22 3.8. Training systems..............................................................................................................................23 3.9. Server consolidation.........................................................................................................................24 3.10. Confidentiality of data and processes.............................................................................................25 3.11. Test systems for developers..........................................................................................................26 3.12. Solaris 8 and Solaris 9 containers for development.......................................................................27 3.13. Solaris 8 and Solaris 9 containers as revision systems..................................................................28 3.14. Hosting for several companies on one computer...........................................................................29 3.15. SAP portals in Solaris containers...................................................................................................30 3.16. Upgrade- and Patch-management in a virtual environment...........................................................31 3.17. "Flying zones" – Service-oriented Solaris server infrastructure......................................................32 3.18. Solaris Container Cluster (aka "zone cluster")................................................................................33 4. Best Practices.........................................................................................................................................34 4.1. Concepts..........................................................................................................................................34 4.1.1. Sparse-root zones................................................................................................................34 4.1.2. Whole-root zones.................................................................................................................34 4.1.3. Comparison between sparse-root zones and whole-root zones...........................................35 4.1.4. Software in zones.................................................................................................................35 4.1.5. Software installations in Solaris and zones..........................................................................36 II Version 3.1-en Solaris 10 Container Guide - 3.1 Effective: 30/11/2009 4.1.5.1. Software installation by the global zone – usage in all zones.......................................................................36 4.1.5.2. Software installation by the global zone – usage in a local zone...................................................................36 4.1.5.3. Software installation by the global zone – usage in the global zone..............................................................37 4.1.5.4. Installation by the local zone – usage in the local zone.................................................................................37 4.1.6. Storage concepts.................................................................................................................38 4.1.6.1. Storage for the root file system of the local zones........................................................................................38 4.1.6.2. Data storage.................................................................................................................................................38 4.1.6.3. Program/application storage.........................................................................................................................38 4.1.6.4. Root disk layout............................................................................................................................................39 4.1.6.5. ZFS within a zone.........................................................................................................................................39 4.1.6.6. Options for using ZFS in local zones............................................................................................................40 4.1.6.7. NFS and local zones.....................................................................................................................................40 4.1.6.8. Volume manager in local zones....................................................................................................................40 4.1.7. Network concepts.................................................................................................................41 4.1.7.1. Introduction into networks and zones...........................................................................................................41 4.1.7.2. Network address management