DESIGN MANUAL FOR STRUCTURAL STAINLESS STEEL 4TH EDITION DESIGN MANUAL FOR STRUCTURAL STAINLESS STEEL 4TH EDITION SCI PUBLICATION P413 DESIGN MANUAL FOR STRUCTURAL STAINLESS STEEL 4TH EDITION i SCI (The Steel Construction Institute) is the leading, independent provider of technical expertise and disseminator of best practice to the steel construction sector. We work in partnership with clients, members and industry peers to help build businesses and provide competitive advantage through the commercial application of our knowledge. We are committed to offering and promoting sustainable and environmentally responsible solutions. 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REPLIC ii PREFACE Fourth Edition This Fourth Edition of the Design Manual has been prepared by Nancy Baddoo of The Steel Construction Institute as part of the RFCS Project Promotion of new Eurocode rules for structural stainless steels (PUREST) (contract 709600). It is a complete revision of the Third Edition; the major changes are as follows: ▪ Alignment with the 2015 amendment to EN 1993-1-4, ▪ Inclusion of ferritic stainless steels, based on the work of the Structural applications of ferritic stainless steels (SAFSS) project (RFSR-CT-2010-00026), ▪ New data on the thermal and mechanical properties of stainless steels in fire are added, ▪ The design data, design rules and references to current versions of European standards, including EN 10088, EN 1993 and EN 1090 are updated, ▪ Addition of an annex on material modelling, ▪ Addition of an annex which gives a method for calculating an enhanced strength arising from cold forming, ▪ Addition of an annex which gives less conservative design rules by exploiting the benefits of strain hardening through the use of the Continuous Strength Method. The organisations who participated in the PUREST project were: The Steel Construction Institute (SCI) (co-ordinator) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7QN, United Kingdom Calle Jordi Girona 31, Barcelona 08034, Spain www.steel-sci.com www.upc.edu Universität Duisburg-Essen (UDE) Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) Universitätsstraße 2, Essen 45141, Germany Oude Markt 13, Leuven 3000, Belgium www.uni-due.de www.kuleuven.be RINA Consulting-Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.p.A. (CSM) Stalbyggnadinstitutet (SBI) Via Di Castel Romano 100, Rome 00128, Italy Kungsträdgårdsgatan 10, 111 47 Stockholm, Sweden www.rinaconsulting.org/en/csm www.sbi.se Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine Lukasiewicza (PRz) South Kensington Campus Exhibition Road, al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, Rzeszów, 35 959, Poland London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom www.prz.edu.pl www.imperial.ac.uk Teräsrakenneyhdistys ry České vysoké učení technické v Praze (CVUT) Unioninkatu 14 3 krs, Helsinki 00130, Finland Zikova 4, Praha 16636, Czech Republic www.terasrakenneyhdistys.fi www.cvut.cz OneSource Consultoria Informática Universidade de Coimbra Urbanizaçao Ferreira Jorge - 1° dto Lote 14, Paço das Escolas, Coimbra, 3001 451, Portugal Coimbra 3040 016 , Portugal www.uc.pt www.onesource.pt iii PREFACE The following people made a valuable contribution to the preparation of this Fourth Edition: ▪ Sheida Afshan (Brunel University London, UK) ▪ Itsaso Arrayago (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain) ▪ Leroy Gardner (Imperial College London, UK) ▪ Graham Gedge (Arup, UK) ▪ Michal Jandera (Czech Technical University of Prague, Czech Republic) ▪ Esther Real (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain) ▪ Barbara Rossi (KU Leuven, Belgium) ▪ Natalie Stranghöner (Universität Duisberg-Essen, Germany) ▪ Ou Zhao (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) Preface to the Third Edition This Third Edition of the Design Manual has been prepared by The Steel Construction Institute as a deliverable of the RFCS Project - Valorisation Project – Structural design of cold worked austenitic stainless steel (contract RFS2-CT-2005-00036). It is a complete revision of the Second Edition, extending the scope to include cold worked austenitic stainless steels and updating all the references to draft Eurocodes. The Third Edition refers to the relevant parts of EN 1990, EN 1991 and EN 1993. The structural fire design approach in Section 8 has been updated and new sections on the durability of stainless steel in soil and life cycle costing have been added. Three new design examples have been included to demonstrate the appropriate use of cold worked stainless steel. A project steering committee, including representatives from each partner and sponsoring organisation, oversaw the work and contributed to the development of the Design Manual. The following organisations participated in the preparation of the Third Edition: ▪ The Steel Construction Institute (SCI) (Project co-ordinator) ▪ Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM) ▪ CUST, Blaise Pascal University ▪ Euro Inox ▪ RWTH Aachen, Institute of Steel Construction ▪ VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland ▪ The Swedish Institute of Steel Construction (SBI) ▪ Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Preface to the Second Edition This Design Manual has been prepared by The Steel Construction Institute as a deliverable of the ECSC funded project, Valorisation Project – Development of the use of stainless steel in construction (contract 7215-PP-056). It is a complete revision of the Design manual for structural stainless steel, which was prepared by The Steel Construction Institute between 1989 and 1992 and published by Euro Inox in 1994. This new edition takes into account advances in understanding in the structural behaviour of stainless steel over the last iv 10 years. In particular, it includes the new design recommendations from the recently completed ECSC funded project, Development of the use of stainless steel in construction (contract 7210-SA/842), which has led to the scope of the Manual being extended to cover circular hollow sections and fire resistant design. Over the last ten years a great many new European standards have been issued covering stainless steel material, fasteners, fabrication, erection, welding etc. The Manual has been updated to make reference to current standards and data in these standards. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following organisations provided financial support for this edition of the Design Manual and their assistance is gratefully acknowledged: ▪ The European Union’s Research Fund for Coal and Steel, ▪ Outokumpu, ▪ Aperam, ▪ Industeel, ▪ AcerInox, ▪ Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração (CBMM), ▪ Nickel Institute, ▪ Stalatube. v FOREWORD This Design Manual has been prepared for the guidance of engineers experienced in the design of carbon steel structural steelwork though not necessarily in stainless steel structures. It is not in any way intended to have a legal status or absolve the engineer of responsibility to ensure that a safe and functional structure results. The Manual is divided into two parts: ▪ Part I - Recommendations ▪ Part II - Design Examples The Recommendations in Part I are formulated in terms