ZAMBIA WORLD BANK MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FINAL REPORT VOLUME I FOR THE PROPOSED IRRIGATION SCHEME IN MWOMBOSHI IN CHISAMBA DISTRICT SUBMITTED TO ZEMA JULY 2015 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Mwomboshi IDSP Group 1 sites CP&CB Provider IDSP TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................... 1 LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................. 5 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................ 7 ACRONYMS ...................................................................................... 9 PROJECT BRIEF NOTES ............................................................... 11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................. 13 ESIA TEAM MEMBERS .................................................................. 19 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 21 1.1 Background ........................................................................................ 21 1.1.1 Policy Context and Development Strategy .......................................... 21 1.1.2 Characteristics of the Agriculture Sector ............................................. 21 1.1.3 Policy Responses ................................................................................ 22 1.1.4 The Proposed Project in the National Context .................................... 23 1.1.5 The Proposed Project in the Local Context ......................................... 23 1.2 Project Design Concept .................................................................... 24 1.2.1 Principles ............................................................................................. 24 1.2.2 Beneficiaries and Target Groups ......................................................... 24 1.3 Agriculture and Irrigation Potential ................................................. 25 1.4 Location and Layout ......................................................................... 25 1.5 Spatial Extent of the Study ............................................................... 26 1.6 ESIA Study Objectives ...................................................................... 26 1.7 Project Justification .......................................................................... 26 1.8 EIA Scope and Approach.................................................................. 27 1.8.1 Scoping Studies ................................................................................... 27 1.8.2 Approach ............................................................................................. 27 1.8.3 Outcome of Stakeholder Consultations ............................................... 28 1.8.4 Outcome of ESIA Disclosure Meeting ................................................. 28 SOFRECO 1 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Mwomboshi IDSP Group 1 sites CP&CB Provider IDSP 1.9 Limitations to the ESIA ..................................................................... 30 1.10 Project Proponent ............................................................................. 30 2 PROJECT RATIONALE .......................................................... 31 2.1 Scope .................................................................................................. 31 2.2 Overall Project Objective .................................................................. 31 2.3 Project Ownership and Cost ............................................................ 32 2.3.1 Ownership and Implementation Date .................................................. 32 2.3.2 Project Costs ....................................................................................... 32 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ..................... 33 3.1 The Project ......................................................................................... 33 3.2 Principal Components of the Project .............................................. 35 3.2.1 Project Design ..................................................................................... 35 3.3 Planned Project Components .......................................................... 36 3.3.1 Irrigation system .................................................................................. 36 3.3.2 Cropping patterns ................................................................................ 37 3.3.3 Water supply and Conveyance system ............................................... 39 3.3.4 Primary pump stations ......................................................................... 39 3.4 Water impoundment and storage elements.................................... 40 3.5 Electrical infrastructure .................................................................... 41 3.6 Housing and social infrastructure ................................................... 41 3.7 Water delivery and irrigation infrastructure ................................... 41 3.7.1 Booster pumps on centre pivots .......................................................... 41 3.7.2 Pipe distribution network ..................................................................... 41 3.7.3 Valves & fittings ................................................................................... 42 3.8 Existing Components ........................................................................ 42 3.9 Main Project Activities ...................................................................... 43 3.10 Equipment and Raw Materials Use .................................................. 44 3.11 Chemical Use ..................................................................................... 44 3.11.1 Expected Agro-Chemical Usage......................................................... 44 3.11.2 Residues & pollutants ......................................................................... 47 3.11.3 Expected usage of Fertiliser ............................................................... 47 3.11.4 Residues and pollutants ..................................................................... 47 3.12 Products and By-products ............................................................... 48 4 REVIEW OF DAM DESIGNS AND HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING ........................................................................... 50 4.1 General Considerations .................................................................... 50 4.2 Design Data ........................................................................................ 51 4.3 Dam Construction ............................................................................. 52 4.4 Hydrological Modelling ..................................................................... 54 4.4.1 The Model ............................................................................................ 54 4.5 Dam Safety ......................................................................................... 63 5 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ................................................... 64 5.1 Without and With Project Alternatives ............................................ 64 5.1.1 Without Project Alternatives ................................................................ 64 5.1.2 With Project Alternatives ..................................................................... 64 5.2 Alternative Processes ....................................................................... 67 5.3 Technological Alternatives ............................................................... 69 SOFRECO 2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Mwomboshi IDSP Group 1 sites CP&CB Provider IDSP 5.4 Materials Options .............................................................................. 75 5.4.1 Materials .............................................................................................. 75 5.4.2 Alternative pipeline materials: ............................................................. 76 6 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS ..... 77 6.1 General Legal Framework ................................................................ 77 6.2 Legislation Framework ..................................................................... 77 6.3 Natural Resources Policies .............................................................. 81 6.4 Multilateral Agreements and Biodiversity Protocols ..................... 82 6.5 Relevant International Policy Guidelines ........................................ 85 6.6 Institutional Responsibilities ........................................................... 85 7 BASELINE INFORMATION ON THE PROJECT .................... 87 7.1 Physical Environmental Setting ....................................................... 87 7.1.1 Rainfall ................................................................................................. 87 7.1.2 Hydrology ............................................................................................ 88 7.1.3 Catchment Extent and Characteristics ................................................ 88 7.1.4 Total Catchment Yield ......................................................................... 88 7.1.5 Upstream Catchment Yield ................................................................. 90 7.1.6 Geology and Hydrogeology ................................................................. 90 7.1.7 Water Quality ....................................................................................... 91 7.1.8 Topography