ALASKA DEPARTMENT of TRANSPORTATION and PUBLIC FACILITIES STATEWIDE MATERIAL SITE INVENTORY, SITE INSPECTIONS & GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS HARD AGGREGATE SOURCE LOCATION STUDY FEDERAL PROJECT NO. STP-000S(823) AKSAS PROJECT NO. 76149 Prepared by: R&M CONSULTANTS, INC. 9101 Vanguard Drive Anchorage, Alaska 99507 STATE OF ALASKA DOT&PF STATEWIDE MATERIAL SITE INVENTORY, SITE INSPECTIONS & GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS HARD AGGREGATE SOURCE LOCATION STUDY FEDERAL PROJECT NO. STP-000S(823) AKSAS PROJECT NO. 76149 ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION & PUBLIC FACILITIES 5800 East Tudor Road Anchorage, Alaska 99507-1286 Prepared by: R&M CONSULTANTS, INC. 9101 Vanguard Drive Anchorage, Alaska 99507 May, 2013 NOTE TO READERS This Hard Aggregate Source Location Study has been prepared to provide useful information to multiple groups of readers, including executive decision-makers, geologists, engineers and planners, and materials end-users. As such, it contains information that may be highly useful to one group, yet too detailed or too broad for the next. The following guidelines are intended to help each group of readers quickly find the information that will be most useful to them. Executive decision-makers will perhaps be most interested in the Executive Summary, the Conclusions (Chapter 7.0), the appended source reports, and the attached plate. Based on available time and interest, this group of readers may also glean useful information from Chapters 1.0 through 3.0. Geologists will find the entire study to be of use. Depending on what their immediate need or interest may be, this group of readers may choose to focus on a particular region or area of study, or on a particular hard aggregate source. Before focusing on a geographic area, however, the geologist reader will be well served by reading Chapters 1.0 through 3.0. This group of readers will also find Chapters 4.0 through 6.0 to be condensed treatments of a broad cross section of geological areas; as such, these latter chapters will provide useful reference material. This group of readers will be able to utilize this study as a starting point for prospecting and planning the development of hard aggregate sources. Engineers and planners will likely wish to focus on the Executive Summary, Conclusions (Chapter 7.0), and the two attached Plates. For project-specific or area-specific interests, this group of readers will also find utility in the appended source reports. Prior to using the information herein, engineers and planners will wish to become familiar with Chapters 1.0 and 2.0, with at least a cursory review of Chapter 3.0. Materials end-users will be most interested in the appended source reports. Next in importance for this group of readers will be the Executive Summary and Conclusions (Chapter 7.0), followed by Chapters 1.0 through 3.0. Statewide Material Site Inventory Hard Aggregate Location Study i Final Report STATE OF ALASKA DOT&PF STATEWIDE MATERIAL SITE INVENTORY, SITE INSPECTIONS & GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS HARD AGGREGATE SOURCE LOCATION STUDY TABLE OF CONTENTS Page NOTE TO READERS ..................................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ..............................................................................................................1 1.2 Scope-of-Work .........................................................................................................5 1.3 Assumptions .............................................................................................................6 1.4 Contract Authorization.............................................................................................6 2.0 AGGREGATE / ROCK TESTING .....................................................................................7 2.1 Los Angeles Abrasion (ASTM C 131) ....................................................................7 2.2 Degradation Value of Aggregates (ATM 313) ........................................................8 2.3 Specific Gravity and Absorption (ASTM C 128) ....................................................8 2.4 Unconfined Compressive Strength (ASTM D 7012) ...............................................8 3.0 GEOLOGY OF HARD AGGREGATES ..........................................................................10 3.1 General ...................................................................................................................10 3.2 Weathering .............................................................................................................10 3.3 Origin and Type of Rock .......................................................................................11 3.3.1 Sedimentary Rocks .................................................................................... 14 3.3.2 Igneous and Volcanic Rocks ..................................................................... 14 3.3.3 Metamorphic Rocks .................................................................................. 14 3.3.3.1 Hornfels ............................................................................................... 15 3.3.3.2 Quartzite and Gneiss ........................................................................... 16 3.3.3.3 Greenstone ........................................................................................... 16 3.3.4 Unconsolidated Material ........................................................................ 17 3.4 Porosity, Grain-Size, and Grain Shape ..................................................................17 3.5 Selected References ...............................................................................................19 4.0 SOUTHCENTRAL ALASKA...........................................................................................20 4.1 General Geology ....................................................................................................20 4.2 Kenai Peninsula .....................................................................................................20 4.3 Seldovia Area .........................................................................................................23 4.4 West Chugach Mountains – Anchorage to Eklutna ...............................................24 Statewide Material Site Inventory Hard Aggregate Location Study ii Final Report 4.5 East-Central Chugach Mountains – Knik/Matanuska ............................................27 4.6 Western Talkeetna Mountains ...............................................................................30 4.7 Petersville Road .....................................................................................................33 4.8 Southern Talkeetna Mountains ..............................................................................33 4.9 Prince William Sound ............................................................................................35 4.10 Selected References ...............................................................................................46 5.0 ALASKA PENINSULA, ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, AND KODIAK ISLAND .................49 5.1 General Geology ....................................................................................................49 5.2 Unalaska .................................................................................................................49 5.3 False Pass, Cold Bay and King Cove.....................................................................54 5.4 Sand Point and Shumagin Islands ..........................................................................54 5.5 Perryville ................................................................................................................56 5.6 Chignik ...................................................................................................................57 5.7 Kamishak Bay to Iliamna Bay ...............................................................................57 5.8 Kodiak Island .........................................................................................................59 5.9 Selected References ...............................................................................................60 6.0 SOUTHEAST ALASKA ...................................................................................................62 6.1 General Geology ....................................................................................................62 6.2 Skagway Area ........................................................................................................64 6.3 Haines Highway Area ............................................................................................65 6.4 Juneau and Admiralty Island