Hagler Bailly Pakistan Associated with PA Consulting Group Technical, Management, and Economic Counsel 2 × 660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant near Hub Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Final Report Volume 1 of 2 (Main Report) HBP Ref.: R5V08HCC May 20, 2015 Hub Power Company Karachi Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of 2 × 660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant near Hub Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Project Setting ............................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Project Outline ........................................................................................... 1-4 1.3 Economic Justification for the Project .................................................... 1-5 1.4 Introduction to the ESIA ............................................................................ 1-7 1.4.1 Objectives of the ESIA ....................................................................... 1-7 1.5 Approach and Methodology ..................................................................... 1-8 1.6 Project Team .............................................................................................. 1-9 1.7 Report Organization ................................................................................ 1-10 2. Legal and Policy Framework .......................................................... 2-1 2.1 Statutory Framework ................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1 Constitutional Provision ..................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Baluchistan Environmental Protection Act, 2012 ............................... 2-2 2.1.3 Environmental Examinations and Assessment under BEPA 2012 .... 2-3 2.1.4 Other Relevant Laws ......................................................................... 2-4 2.1.5 Standards .......................................................................................... 2-5 2.2 Environmental Guidelines ......................................................................... 2-5 2.2.1 Sectoral Guidelines for Thermal Power Stations, 1997 ..................... 2-5 2.2.2 Environmental Assessment Procedures, 1997 .................................. 2-5 2.3 Institutional Framework ............................................................................ 2-6 2.4 International Treaties ................................................................................. 2-6 2.4.1 MARPOL.......................................................................................... 2-10 2.4.2 London Convention 1972................................................................. 2-11 3. The Proposed Project Design ........................................................ 3-1 3.1 General Description of the Proposed Plant ............................................. 3-1 3.1.1 Project Layout .................................................................................... 3-2 3.1.2 Boiler Technology .............................................................................. 3-6 3.1.3 Coal Quality ....................................................................................... 3-6 3.2 Water Supply, Intake and Outfall System ................................................ 3-7 3.2.1 Desalination Plant .............................................................................. 3-8 3.2.2 Seawater Pre-Treatment System ...................................................... 3-9 3.2.3 Outfall System ................................................................................... 3-9 Hagler Bailly Pakistan Contents R5V08HCC: 05/20/15 ii Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of 2 × 660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant near Hub 3.2.4 Potable Water System ..................................................................... 3-10 3.2.5 A complete potable water system including potable water pumps, piping, accessories, control and instrumentation will be provided to meet the requirements. Service Water System ............................... 3-10 3.2.6 Cooling Water System ..................................................................... 3-10 3.2.7 Drainage Systems of the Plant ........................................................ 3-10 3.3 Wastewater Treatment Systems ............................................................. 3-11 3.3.1 Industrial Wastewater Preparation System ...................................... 3-11 3.3.2 Sanitary Water Treatment system ................................................... 3-11 3.3.3 Coal Wastewater Treatment System ............................................... 3-11 3.4 Coal Transportation, Handling and Storage .......................................... 3-12 3.4.1 Coal Import ...................................................................................... 3-12 3.4.2 Coal Storage Yard ........................................................................... 3-12 3.4.3 Stacker/Reclaimer ........................................................................... 3-12 3.4.4 Coal Dust Control ............................................................................ 3-12 3.4.5 Raw Coal Bunker ............................................................................. 3-12 3.4.6 Coal Milling and Firing ..................................................................... 3-13 3.5 Boiler Equipment ..................................................................................... 3-13 3.5.1 Ignition and Combustion Supporting Oil System ............................. 3-13 3.5.2 Primary Air Fan ................................................................................ 3-13 3.5.3 Air Heaters ....................................................................................... 3-14 3.5.4 Ceiling Fan....................................................................................... 3-14 3.5.5 Forced Draft Fan.............................................................................. 3-14 3.5.6 Induced Draft (ID) Fans ................................................................... 3-14 3.6 Selection of Environmental Control Equipment ................................... 3-15 3.6.1 Deduster/Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) ........................................ 3-15 3.6.2 Stack ................................................................................................ 3-15 3.6.3 Seawater Flue Gas Desulfurization System .................................... 3-15 3.7 Ash Handling and Disposal .................................................................... 3-16 3.7.1 Ash Generation ................................................................................ 3-16 3.7.2 Ash Yard .......................................................................................... 3-16 3.8 Decommissioning .................................................................................... 3-17 4. Description of the Environment ..................................................... 4-1 4.1 Study Areas ................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2 Physical Environment ............................................................................... 4-5 4.2.1 Topography........................................................................................ 4-5 4.2.2 Geology ............................................................................................. 4-5 4.2.3 Land Use ......................................................................................... 4-12 4.2.4 Climate............................................................................................. 4-14 Hagler Bailly Pakistan Contents R5V08HCC: 05/20/15 iii Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of 2 × 660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant near Hub 4.2.5 Soil ................................................................................................... 4-18 4.2.6 Water ............................................................................................... 4-28 4.2.7 Noise ............................................................................................... 4-49 4.2.8 Air Quality ........................................................................................ 4-52 4.2.9 Traffic ............................................................................................... 4-64 4.3 Ecological Baseline ................................................................................. 4-80 4.3.1 Marine ecological baseline .............................................................. 4-81 4.3.2 Terrestrial Ecology ........................................................................... 4-96 4.4 Socioeconomic Environment ............................................................... 4-112 4.4.1 Socioeconomic Study Area ............................................................ 4-112 4.4.2 Methodology and Sampling Framework ........................................ 4-116 4.4.3 Economic Setting ........................................................................... 4-120 4.4.4 Social Setting ................................................................................. 4-125 4.4.5 Role of Women in Surveyed Communities .................................... 4-133 4.4.6 Fishing ........................................................................................... 4-133 4.4.7 HUBCO CSR Activities .................................................................