QUADRANT-3 Learn More The Women’s Indian Association (WIA) WIA was founded in 1917 by Annie Besant, Dorothy Jinarajadasa, Malati Patwardhan, Ammu Swaminathan, Mrs. Dadabhoy and Mrs. Ambujammal. WIA was the first national women’s organization in true sense and was perhaps the ‘first purely feminist organization’ in India. The major areas in which WIA worked were religion, education, politics and philanthropy. It sent a delegation to meet with Secretary of State Montague in 1917 to request franchise for women. The National Council of Women in India (NCWI) In 1925 NCWI was established as a national branch of International Council of Women. NCWI was elitist in nature and was mainly an organization of elite women. It was quite conservative in its approach, politically as well as socially. Further, due to its connection with the British, NCWI also remained indifferent to the independence struggle. The All India Women’s Conference ( AIWC) AIWC came into existence as a result of sincere efforts of Margret Cousins and other women members of WIA. The aim of WIA was to bring women, from different part of the countries, together to discuss women’s education. The first AIWC met in Poona in 1927. The delegates to the conference included professional educationalists, social reformers and women associated with the nationalist movement. The main focus of the conference was to discuss the best type of education for women. Provincial Legislature and Women’s Right to Vote Indian women started demanding right to vote since the early 20th century. Their demand was opposed on many grounds by the British as well as nationalist leaders. But despite these oppositions, they continued their fight and could succeed in winning limited right to vote at the provincial level. Bombay and Madras were the first provinces where women got right to vote in 1921 followed by the United Province in 1923, Punjab and Bengal in 1926 and Assam , the Central Provinces, Bihar and Orissa in 1930. GLOSSARY www.slideshare.net SWADESHI MOVEMENT - The second Swadeshi movement started with the partition of Bengal by the Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon1905 and continued up to 1911. It was the most successful of the pre- Gandhian movement . Its chief architects were Aurobindo Ghosh, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai, V. O. Satyagraha -Satyagraha, loosely translated as "insistence on truth" or holding onto truth or truth force, is a particular philosophy and practice within the broader overall category generally known as nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Elite- a select group that is superior in terms of ability or qualities to the rest of a group or society www.peaceproject.com Nonviolence - (from Sanskrit ahimṣā, non-violence, "lack of desire to harm or kill") is the personal practice of being harmless to self and others under every condition. Rowlatt Act-, (February 1919), legislation passed by the Imperial Legislative Council, the legislature of British India. The acts allowed certain political cases to be tried without juries and permitted internment of suspects without trial. The Nationalist Movement- is a Mississippi-based, white nationalist organization with headquarters in Wisconsin that advocates what it calls a "pro-majority" position. It has been called white supremacist by the Associated Press and Anti-Defamation League, among others. Jalianwalabagh- The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919 when a crowd of nonviolent protesters, along with Baishakhi pilgrims, who had gathered in Jallianwala ... Non- Cooperation Movement- The non-cooperation movement was significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule. It was led by Mahatma Gandhi and was supported by the Indian National Congress. Gandhi started the non-cooperation movement after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. Universal suffrage -consists of the extension of the right to vote to adult citizens (or subjects), though it may also mean extending that right to minors (Demeny voting) and non-citizens. WEBLINKS https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=812411076X www.yourarticlelibrary.com/...role...women...national- movement/32977/ www.slideshare.net/.../mahatma-gandhi-and-the- nationalist-movement www.mkgandhi.org/articles/womenempowerment.htm https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0230634060 ww.bl.uk/eblj/1997articles/pdf/article2.pdf odisha.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2013/aug-sept/.../17- 23.pdf shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/2879/.../14_chapt er%206.pd.. .