EFFECTS ON LAKE ONTARIOWATER LEYIELS OF THE GUT DAM AND CHANNEL GHAffG€S IN THE GALOP RAPIDS REACH OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER EFFECTS ON LAKE ONTARIO WATER LEVELS OF THE GUT DAM.AND CHANNEL CHANGES. IN THE -.GALOPRAP1 DS. REACH"OF THSE . .. 'ST. LAWRENCE -RIVER . APPENDIX B BACKWATER. COMPUTATIONS . ... .. .... - . ... .. REPORT TO THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION . r.. * - by THE INTERNATIONAL LAKE ONTARIO . BOARD-OF ENGINEER.S,.-:-::,. s ., . - October 1957 '., . EFFECTS ON LAKE ONTARIO WATER LEVELS OF THE GUT D@ AND CHANNEL CHANGES IN THE GALOP RAPIDS REACH OF THE ST . LAWRENCE RIVER TABLE OF CONTENTS .TEXT Subject Page SECTION I .INTRODUCTION Authority ........................................................ Instructions to Board of Engineers ............................... Membership of Board and Working Committee ........................ Purpose and Scope ................................................ SECTION I1 .GALOP RAPIDS REACH OF THE ST . LAWRENCE RIVER ~esumg of Changes in the Galop Rapids Reach ..................... Available Data ................................................... Flow Distribution.............................................. wdrograpkly .................................................... Water Surface Elevations ....................................... Discharge ...................................................... Previous Reports ............................................... .. SECTION I11 .METHOD General Approach .................................................. Distribution of Flow .............................;............... Backwater Computations ........................................... Conditions for Computations ...................................... Determination of Effects ......................................... SECTION IV .COMPUTATIONS Selected Flow ........................................*.......... 10 Hydraulic Elements ................................................ 10 Water Level at Downstream End of Computations .................... 10 .Page Water Levels at Upstream End of Camputations ..................... 11 Raughness Coefficients ........................................... 11 Canadian Galop Rapids Channel ...............:.................. 11 Gut Channel .................................................... 12 Rating Curve for Flow in American Galop Rapids Channel ........... 12 Computation of Effects ........................................... 12 Computation of 1874 Condition (condition . 6) .................... 13 Effect of Dredging in the Canadian Galop Rapids Channel ........ 13 Effect of the Galop Canal Realignment .......................... 13 Effect of Gut Dam Construction ................................. 13 SECTION V .RESULTS OF THE S'I'LJDY General .......................................................... 14 Computed Effects at North Channel Gage ........................... 14 Discussion ....................................................... 14 Computed Effects on Lake Ontario ................................. 15 Table: Computed Effects of Changes at North Channel Gage and Lake Ontario ................................................... 16 TABLES Title Table 1918-1920 Discharge Measurements of the Galop Rapids Reach of the St . Lawrence River .................................................. 1952 Discharge. Measurements of the Galop Rapids Reach of the St . Lawrence River .................................................. Water Surface Elevations at Permanent and Temporary Gages, 1953-1954.. Hydraulic Elements - Canadian Galop Channel ........................... Hydraulic Elements - Gut Channel ...................................... Computation Record - Condition 1....................................... Computation Record - Condition 2 (~anadianGalop channel) ............. Computation Record - Condition 2 (~utchannel) ........................ Summary of Computations ............................................... PLATES Title Location Map .......................................................... 1953 Conditions ....................................................... 1953 wdrograpkly .. .................................................... 1874 mdrograpw ............;..........................e.............. 1953 Flow Distribution in Galop Rapids ................................ .Gage Relationships. North Channel - Lock 25 ........................... Gage Relationship..- . F - Lock 25 ....................................... iii . Plate Gage Relationship. Lock 28 .Lock 25 .................................. Stage-Discharge Relationship at Lock 25 for St . Lawrence River Discharge, International Rapids Section ............................. Cross Section at Section 1............................................ Cross Section at Section 2 ............................................ Cross Section at Section 3 ............................................ Cross Section at Section 4 ............................................ Cross Section at Section 5 ............................................ Cross Section at Section 6............................................ Cross Section at Section 7............................................ Cross Section at Section 8............................................ Cross Section at Section 9...............d............................. Cross Section at Section 10 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 11 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 12........................................... Cross Section at Section 13 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 14 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 15 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 16 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 17 ........................................... Cross Section at Section 1G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 2G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 3G ............ ............................... Cross Section at Section 4G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 5G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 6G........................................... Cross Section at Section 7G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 8G ........................................... Cross Section at Section 9G ........................................... St . Lawrence River Rating Curves at the Gages "Lock 28" and .FI1 ....... Flow in American Galop Rapids Channel in Per Cent of Total River Flow Under 1952 Conditions ............................................... St . Lawrence River Rating Curves at North Channel Gage ................ Rating Curve for North Channel Gage Giving Flow in American Channel of Galop Rapids at Total River Flow of 240. 000 CFS..................... EFFECTS ON LAKE ONTARIO WATER LEVELS OF THE GUT DAM AND CHANNEL CHANGES IN THE GALOP RAPIDS RUCK OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER SECTION I INTRODUCTION 1. Authority. The Governments of Canada and the United State of America requested the International Joint Commission to investigate and report on the following Reference dated 25 June 1952: "In order to determine, having regard to all other interests, whether measures can be taken to regulate the level of Lake Ontario for the benefit of property owners on the shores of the lake in the United States and Canada so as to reduce the extremes of stage which have been experienced, the Governments of the United States and Canada have agreed to refer the matter to the International Joint Commission for investigation and report pursuant to Article IX of the Treaty relating to boundary waters between the United States and Canada, signed January 11, 1909. '!It is desired that the Commission study the various factors which affect the fluctuations of water level on Lake Ontario, including the construction in,the St. Lawrence River known as 'Gut Dam1, and any diversion of water into or out of the Great Lakes basin, and shall determine whether in its judgment action can be taken by either or both Governments to bring about a more beneficial range of stage, having regard to the proposed plan for improvement for navigation and power of the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River and the proposed method of regulation of the levels of Lake Ontario which is an essential feature of that plan. "As a result of its studies under this Reference, it is desired that the Commission shall determine whether, in its judgment, changes in regard to existing works or other measures would be practicable and in the public interest from the points of view of the two Governments, having in mind the order of precedence to be observed in the uses of boundary waters as provided in Article VIII of the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909. "In the event that the Commission should find that changes in existing works or that other measures would be feasible and desirable, it should indicate how the interests on either side of the boundary would be benefited or adversely affected thereby. The Commission should estimate the cost of such changes in existing works or of such other measures, including indemnification for damage to public and private property arising therefrom and the cost of any remedial works that may be found to be necessary. With due regard to the final paragraph of this Reference and to the arrangements presently being proposed for development