Geography of Opportunity: A Fair Housing Equity Assessment for Wisconsin’s Capital Region Capital Region Sustainable Communities i Fair Housing Equity Assessment [this page left intentionally blank] Capital Region Sustainable Communities 2 Geography of Opportunity, Capital Region Wisconsin Joe Ball Zach Brandon Mark Geller Ken Golden Kris Hampton Eric Hohol Jason Kramar (Treasurer) Peter McKeever (Vice Chair) Ed Minihan Warren Onken Larry Palm (Chair) Caryl Terrell Evan Touchett The following staff contributed to the FHEA: Phineas Hanson, Intern Sean Higgins, AICP, Community Planner Rachel Holloway, Community Planner (former) Kamran Mesbah, PE, AICP, Deputy Director, and Director of Environmental Resources Planning Dan McAuliffe, Senior Community Planner and Designer Steve Steinhoff AICP, Director, Community and Regional Development Planning Capital Region Sustainable Communities 3 Geography of Opportunity, Capital Region Wisconsin [page left intentionally blank] Capital Region Sustainable Communities 4 Geography of Opportunity, Capital Region Wisconsin Jon Becker, Earth/Art Resources and CRANES Jordan Bingham, PHMDC Terri Bleck, Gardens for Empowerment Colleen Butler, YWCA Colleen Clark, Dane County Board Rob Dicke, Dane County Housing Authority Jason Glozier, Madison DCR Melissa Gombar, City of Madison Dept. of Civil Rights Will Green, Mentoring Positives Jeff Greger, Madison Area Transportation Board Dana Hanaman, City of Madison DCR AA Contract Compliance Maria Hart, Center for Freight Infrastructure Research and Education Rachel Holloway, Village of Deforest Eva Kubinski, Dept. of Public Instruction Sharon Lecberg, Dane County UW Extension Edward Lee, Urban League David Long, UW Applied Population Lab Jennifer Lord, Madison Out of School Time (MOST) Michele Macky, PHMDC Donna Magdalina, Schenk-Atwood Neighborhood Association Salli Martyniak, Forward Community Investments Erin McWalter, Madison Traffic Garden Joe Mingle, Mentoring Positives Erica Nelson, Race to Equity Susan Ramspacher, Lussier Community Education Center Stephanie Rearick, Dane County Time Bank Angela Russell, PHMDC Tariq Saqqaf, City of Madison Julie Spears, City of Madison Community Development Division Jim Stickels, Wisconsin Litteracy; African American Association of Madison Paula Tran Inzeo, UW Population Health Institute Kabzuag Vaj, Freedom Inc. Dan Veroff, UW-Applied Population Laboratry Bill White, Winnebago-Atwood Committee; MadREP President Maribeth Witzel-Behl, Madison City Clerk Denise Demarb, Alder, City of Madison Ledell Zellers, Alder, City of Madison University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health Tracy Flood, MD, PhD, Larry Hanrahan, PhD, MS, and Aman Tandias, MS. Thank you to Aman for extracting the data and Tracy for the analysis. Public Health Madison & Dane County City of Madison Community Development Division, Augustin Olvera, Tom Conrad and Julie Spears Office of Common Council, Heather Allen Kirwan Institute Jason Reece, Jillian Olinger, Mathew Martin, Kip Holley and David Norris Capital Region Sustainable Communities 5 Geography of Opportunity, Capital Region Wisconsin [this page left intentionally blank] Capital Region Sustainable Communities 6 Geography of Opportunity, Capital Region Wisconsin Capital Area Regional Planning Commission ........................................................................... 3 List of Commissioners .................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 3 Contributing Staff ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Equity Work Group for Capital Region Sustainable Communities: .............................................................................................. 5 Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 7 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 10 A. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Place Matters............................................................................................................................................................................... 1 About the Sustainable Communities Regional Planning Grant .................................................................................................... 1 About Capital Region Sustainable Communities ......................................................................................................................... 1 CRSC Geography .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 About Capital Area Regional Planning Commission (CARPC) ....................................................................................................... 2 The Fair Housing Equity Assessment ........................................................................................................................................... 3 FHEA versus Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice .................................................................................................... 3 Regional Coordination of Fair Housing ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Organization of this Document.................................................................................................................................................... 4 B. Context: The Dane County Region ...................................................................................... 5 Population Trends ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Age ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Race and Ethnicity ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Persons with Disabilities ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 Economy .................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Labor Force, Occupations and Unemployment ......................................................................................................................... 19 Income ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Households ................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Housing ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 C. Geography of Opportunity ............................................................................................... 35 Access to Opportunities ............................................................................................................................................................ 35 Barriers to Accessing Opportunities: Social and Economic ........................................................................................................ 39 Profiles of Areas with Concentrated Barriers to Opportunity ................................................................................................... 52 Barriers to Opportunity: Physical .............................................................................................................................................. 65 Barriers to Opportunity and Health Outcomes ......................................................................................................................... 90 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................................................. 99 D. What Contributes to Barriers to Opportunity? ................................................................ 100 History of Housing Discrimination ........................................................................................................................................... 100 Housing Discrimination and Fair Housing ................................................................................................................................ 105 Lending Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................................