Important Plant Organelles 1. Golgi Body - packages proteins before being sent to their destination (don’t need to know) Plants need 3 Key 2. Vacuole – stores food, water, and some waste Things for in a large central “bubble” 3. Mitochondria - "the powerhouse of the cell" Photosynthesis: *Looks like a jelly bean with a maze inside 4. Chloroplast – site of photosynthesis using the 1. CO2 pigment chlorophyll which captures radiant 2. H O energy from the sunlight and stores it as 2 chemical energy (glucose / starch) 3. Light * Looks like stacked coins in a Mentos candy Living things in an ecosystem All the living & nonliving things that interact in an area Non-living things in an ecosystem Food Chains show one path energy flow in an ecosystem Food Webs shows how multiple chains overlap and the feeding relationship between species Order: Producer -> Herbivore -> Carnivore Energy Roles Consumer- Energy enters an ecosystem as sunlight and is turned into Herbivore food by plants. The energy is transferred again when organisms eat consumers. Consumers are animals that cannot make their own food. They get their energy from plants, Consumer- Producer other animals or both. Omnivore Producers are green plants that produce their own food using energy from sunlight in a process called photosynthesis Decomposers such as Decomposer bacteria and fungi break down decaying matter for food Biomes A large ecosystem of plants and animals in a region with a certain type of climate is called a biome Rainforest Deciduous Forest Grasslands Taiga Desert Tundra Food Web A food web is an interconnected series of different food chains that describe the feeding relationships between species within an ecosystem Red fox Food Chain A food chain is a model that shows how energy is passed from one INCREASING NUMBER ORGANISMSOF Snake organism to another Shrew Snake Woodpecker Mouse rew Rabbit Carpenter ant Grasshopper Snake Tree DECREASING AMOUNT OF ENERGY Fungi Worms Bacteria Tertiary Consumers (Carnivores – meat eaters) Heterotrophs Consumers Autotrophs Producers LIFE SCIENCE VOCABULARY PRACTICE Directions: Match the definitions with the words on the left. Put the letter in the blank boxes. 1. Abiotic Factors A. The process by which plants use M sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce food energy (glucose) 2. Energy Pyramid B. Organisms that use energy from the P sun, to make its own food energy through photosynthesis G 3. Omnivore C. Plant eaters O 4. Primary Consumers D. Organisms that obtain its energy from eating herbivores; also called carnivores H 5. Decomposers E. Meat eaters L 6. Predator F. Living things in an ecosystem N 7. Prey G. Plant and meat eaters A 8. Photosynthesis H. Organisms that break down dead tissue, returning chemicals and nutrients to the soil F 9. Biotic Factors I. Organisms that obtain its energy from eating carnivores; also called top carnivores B 10. Producers J. A chain showing the flow of energy between different plants and animals in an ecosystem E 11. Carnivores K. A diagram showing the interactions of several food chains D 12. Secondary Consumers L. An animal that hunts and eats other animals J 13. Food Chain M. Non-living things in an ecosystem I 14. Tertiary Consumers N. An animal that is hunted by a predator C 15. Herbivores O. Organisms that obtain its energy from eating plants and algae; also called herbivores K 16. Food Web P. The amount of energy in each level of an ecosystem Habitat: Where an organism lives Microhabitat: A habitat that is a of small or limited space (smaller habitat) Niche: The special role an organism plays within a habitat (its job/how it lives & eats) Biomass : Total mass (taking up space) of living organisms in a certain area (ecosystem) .