Improved hazardous waste & contaminated soil management in Greece Final Report March 2021 Improved hazardous waste & contaminated soil management in Greece Table of Contents 0. Background and disclaimer ................................................................................................ 5 1. Executive summary ............................................................................................................. 9 2. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 14 General ..................................................................................................................... 14 Scope ........................................................................................................................ 16 Experts Team ........................................................................................................... 16 Report structure ....................................................................................................... 16 3. Methodological approach ................................................................................................ 18 General ..................................................................................................................... 18 Phase 1 – Background national data gathering ....................................................... 18 Phase 2 - EU experience/literature review .............................................................. 19 Phase 3 – Roadmaps, reporting and dissemination ................................................ 20 4. Hazardous waste management in Greece – Required modifications of the legislation .. 22 Current situation ...................................................................................................... 22 Green deal and circular economy ............................................................................ 23 Legislation framework ............................................................................................. 24 Roadmap and way forward for the improvement of hazardous waste management in Greece .............................................................................................................................. 26 5. Existing contaminated soil management framework in Greece ...................................... 31 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 31 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ............................................................ 33 Screening values ...................................................................................................... 36 Remediation ............................................................................................................. 37 Liability ..................................................................................................................... 39 6. EU and international experience ...................................................................................... 40 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 40 Belgium .................................................................................................................... 44 6.2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 44 6.2.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ........................................................ 45 6.2.3 Land use categorization ....................................................................................... 48 6.2.4 Screening values .................................................................................................. 49 i Improved hazardous waste & contaminated soil management in Greece 6.2.5 Sampling and analytical protocol ......................................................................... 52 6.2.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................... 53 6.2.7 Remediation targets and monitoring .................................................................. 54 6.2.8 Liability ................................................................................................................. 56 The Netherlands ....................................................................................................... 56 6.3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 56 6.3.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ........................................................ 58 6.3.3 Land use categorization ....................................................................................... 62 6.3.4 Screening values .................................................................................................. 62 6.3.5 Sampling and analytical protocols ....................................................................... 65 6.3.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................... 66 6.3.7 Remediation targets and monitoring .................................................................. 66 6.3.8 Liability ................................................................................................................. 69 France ....................................................................................................................... 70 6.4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 70 6.4.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ........................................................ 71 6.4.3 Land use categorization ....................................................................................... 74 6.4.4 Screening values .................................................................................................. 75 6.4.5 Sampling and analytical protocols ....................................................................... 75 6.4.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................... 75 6.4.7 Remediation and monitoring protocols............................................................... 76 6.4.8 Liability ................................................................................................................. 77 United Kingdom ....................................................................................................... 79 6.5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 79 6.5.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ........................................................ 81 6.5.3 Land use categorization ....................................................................................... 83 6.5.4 Screening values .................................................................................................. 84 6.5.5 Remediation and monitoring protocols............................................................... 88 6.5.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................... 90 6.5.7 Liability ................................................................................................................. 92 Germany ................................................................................................................... 94 6.6.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 94 6.6.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ........................................................ 95 ii Improved hazardous waste & contaminated soil management in Greece 6.6.3 Land use categorization ....................................................................................... 96 6.6.4 Screening values .................................................................................................. 96 6.6.5 Remediation and monitoring protocols............................................................... 98 6.6.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................... 99 6.6.7 Liability ............................................................................................................... 100 Italy......................................................................................................................... 101 6.7.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 101 6.7.2 Legislation, Administration & Professionals ...................................................... 103 6.7.3 Land Use categorization ..................................................................................... 103 6.7.4 Screening values ................................................................................................ 104 6.7.5 Remediation and monitoring protocols............................................................. 105 6.7.6 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................. 106 6.7.7 Liability ..............................................................................................................