Turkish Journal of Water Science & Management Research Article ISSN: 2536 474X / e-ISSN: 2564-7334 Setting Measures for TacklingVolume: 5 Issue: Agricultural 2 Year: 2021 Diffuse Pollution of Küçük Menderes Basin ResearchKüçük Article Menderes Havzası’nda Tarımsal Kaynaklı Yayılı Kirlilikle New Records Mücadelefor the Turkish Tedbirlerinin Freshwater Belirlenmesi Algal Flora in Twenty Five River Basins of Turkey, Part IV: Ochrophyta Ayşegül Tanık1, Asude Hanedar*2, Emine Girgin3, Elçin Güneş2, Erdem Görgün1,3, Nusret Karakaya4, Gökçen Gökdereli5, Burhan Fuat Çankaya 5, Taner Kimence5, Yakup Karaaslan5 1Türkiye’dekiİstanbul Technical University25 Nehir (ITU), Havzasından Faculty of Civil Engineering, Türkiye DepartmentTatlı Su of Alg Environmental Florası İçin YeniEngineering, Kayıtlar, 34469, BölümMaslak-Istanbul/TURKEY IV: Ochrophyta [email protected] (0000-0002-0319-0298) 2 Namk Kemal University,1 Çorlu 2Faculty of Engineeri3 ng, Department of Environmental4 Engineering,5 Nilsun Demir , Burak Öterler , 59860Haşim Çorlu-Sömek Tekirda, Tuğbağ /TurkeyOngun Sevindik *, Elif Neyran Soylu , 6 6 7 1 8 [email protected] Karaaslan , Tolga (0000-0003-4 Çetin , Abuzer827-5954), Çelekli [email protected], Tolga Coşkun , Cüneyt (0000-0002-1457-1504) Nadir Solak , Faruk 3io EnvironmentalMaraşlioğlu Solutions,9, Murat Re şParlakitpaşa1 ,Mah., Merve Katar Koca Cd.1, Doğan Ar Teknokent Can Manavoğlu 1 2/5 D:2 12, 34469 1Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture,Saryerİstanbul/Turkey Fisheries and Aquaculture Engineering, 06120, [email protected], Turkey(0000-0002-4849-8229), [email protected]@iocevre.com (0000-0002-3445-0419) (0000-0002-3895-7655) 4 İzzet Baysal University,[email protected] Faculty of Engineering, Department (0000-0001-5732-7424) of Environmental Engineering, 14030, [email protected]ölköy Campus-Bolu/TURKEY (0000-0001-5747-7123) [email protected]@gmail.com (0000-0002-2538-9388) (0000-0002-0156-1657) 5 Ministry2Trakya of Agriculture University, and Faculty Forestry of Science, of TR, General Department Directorate of Biology, of Water 22030, Management, Edirne, Turkey Beş tepe, Söğütözü[email protected] Cd. No: 14, 06560 Yenimahalle-Ankara/TURKEY (0000-0002-9064-1666) [email protected]@gmail.com (0000-0001-7422-6457) (0000-0002-7110-8196), 3İzmir Katip Çelebiburhanfuat.cankaya@tarimorma University, Faculty of Fisheries,n.gov.tr Department (0000-0002-0677-7158), of Inland Water Biology, 35620, [email protected] (0000-0002-6943-0477), İzmir, Turkey [email protected] (0000-0001-8993-4771) [email protected] (0000-0003-4281-9738) 4 Received Date: 05.11.2020, Accepted Date: 03.03.2021 Sakarya University, Faculty of ArtsDOI: and 10.31807/tjwsm.802530 Science, Department of Biology, 54050, Sakarya, Turkey [email protected] (0000-0001-7682-0142) 5 Giresun University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 28200, Giresun, Turkey [email protected] (0000-0002-7583-3416) 6T.R. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Directorate General of Water Management, 06560, We explained the methodology used in settingAnkara the basic and supplementary measures for diffuse pollutants at Küçük [email protected] Basin. As the majority of (0000-0001-8993-4771)diffuse pollutants arise from livestock breeding and agricultural activities,[email protected] we focused to propose measures (0000-0002-7817-3222) regarded with tackling the pollution from agricultural7Gaziantep activities. University, The types andFaculty distribution of Arts andof diffuse Science, loads Depar weretment expressed of Biology, by total 27310, nitrogen and phosphorous parameters. We used the resultsGaziantep, of a yearlong Turkey surfa ce water quality monitoring involving physico-chemical, [email protected] and biological parameters (0000-0002-2448-4957) with specific pollutants and priority substances, set in the8Dumlup Europeannar Union University, Water Faculty Framework of Arts Directive and Science, as the Departm AquaToolent inputof Biology, data. The43100, AquaTool model was run for attaining the outcomes ofKütahya, a series of Turkey measure s determined according to the ecological sensitivity of each water body. The removal efficiency of pollution loads provided by the best [email protected] (0000-0003-2334-4271) management practices in agricultural activities and livestock breeding were compiled from literature, 9Hitit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 19040, Çorum, Turkey and typical removal rates were further determined for the basin. We produced nine alternative scenarios at first cycle for [email protected] compliance measures u.trfor mitigati(0000-0002-7784-9243)ng point and diffuse sources of pollution Received Date: 02.12.2020, Accepted Date: 17.02.2021 DOI: 10.31807/tjwsm.835111 *Corresponding author 204 *Corresponding author Elif Neyran Soylu,Turkish Nilsun JournalDemı̇ r, Tolgaof Water Coşkun, Science Cüneyt & Management Nadir Solak, Abuzer Çeleklı̇ , Haşim Sömek, Burak ISSN:Öterler, 2536 Faruk 474X / Maraşlioğlu,e-ISSN: 2564-7334 Tuğba Ongun Sevı̇ ndı̇ k, Tolga Çetı̇ n, Yakup Karaaslan, Bengü Temı̇ zel, Elif Yılmaz Turkish Journal of WaterVolume: Science 5 Issue:& Management 2 Year: 2021 5 (2) (2021) / 204 - 229 Abstract Turkish lakes have different morphometric and hydrological features as a result of different climates and noticeable altitude differences in Turkey that are necessary conditions to occur different habitats for algal diversity. The total number of algae taxa in the flora of Turkey has increased due to the growing number of studies on phytoplankton taxonomy and ecology in the last 40 years. This study aims to describe new planktonic algal taxa for the Turkish freshwater algal flora. A total of 56 Ochrophyta taxa were determined in this study, conducted from 2017 to 2019 in lakes lies in 25 river basins of Turkey. In 275 lakes, samples of phytoplankton were collected with water samplers from three depths (surface, middle, and bottom) of the euphotic zone, and then subsamples were obtained by mixing the water samples taken from these three depths. The plankton net with a pore diameter of 50 µm was also used for collecting samples of phytoplankton. The algal taxa was identified by using different types of compound and inverted microscopes in many laboratories. 30 Ochrophyta taxa of which were determined in this study, were reported as a new record for the first time for the freshwater algal flora of Turkey. Keywords: Ochrophyta, freshwater algae, new record, Turkey Öz Türkiye gölleri, Türkiye farklı iklim tiplerine ev sahipliği yaptığından ve coğrafik olarak yükseklik farklılıkları bulundurduğundan dolayı farklı morfometrik ve hidrolojik yapıya sahip olup, bu durum alglerin biyoçeşitliliği için farklı habitat tipleri sağlamaktadır. Son 40 yılda, fitoplankton taksonomisi ve ekolojisi alanında yapılan çalışmaların artması sebebiyle Türkiye florasındaki toplam alg taksonu sayısı artmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye tatlı su alg florası için yeni planktonik alg taksonlarını tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır. 2017 ve 2019 yılları arasında Türkiye’deki 25 nehir havzasında bulunan göllerde yapılan çalışmada Ochrophyta divizyosuna ait 56 takson tanımlanmıştır. 275 gölde yapılan bu çalışmada fitoplankton örnekleri öfotik derinliğin 3 farklı bölgesinden (yüzey, orta, dip) su örnekleyicileri ile toplanmıştır. Daha sonra bu üç derinlikten alınan su örnekleri karıştırılarak su numuneleri alınmıştır. 50 µm göz açıklığına sahip plankton kepçesi de örnekleme sırasında ayrıca kullanılmıştır. Alg taksonlarının teşhisi farklı laboratuvarlardaki ışık ve ters mikroskopları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sırasında, Türkiye tatlı su alg florası için ilk defa Ochrophyta divizyosuna ait 30 yeni takson bulunmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Ochrophyta, tatl su algi, yeni kayt, Türkiye Introduction The number of studies on phytoplankton taxonomy and ecology, accepted as one of the biological quality elements according to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) (European Parliament & Council, 2000), has notably increased in recent years in Turkey. Due to Turkey’s EU accession process, several projects, specified for biological quality components and funded by Directorate General for Water Management (DGWM) and General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSİ) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, have been implemented successfully. Many studies for monitoring water quality of different river basins, a few studies for development and implementation of lake-management plans, and some index development projects to determine water quality by using biological 205 Elif Neyran Soylu, Nilsun Demı̇ r, Tolga Coşkun, Cüneyt Nadir Solak, Abuzer Çeleklı̇ , Haşim Sömek, Burak Öterler, Faruk Maraşlioğlu, Tuğba Ongun Sevı̇ ndı̇ k, Tolga Çetı̇ n, Yakup Karaaslan, Bengü Temı̇ zel, Elif Yılmaz Turkish Journal of Water Science & Management 5 (2) (2021) / 204 - 229 quality components have been completed (DGWM, 2020). This study is an outcome of one of these projects. Planktonic Ochrophyta species are mostly unicellular or colonial flagellates, predominantly occurring in freshwater (John et al., 2003). Chrysophyceae, Synurophyceae, and Xanthophyceae are the main plankton groups that are found in a freshwater environment. They were mostly reported in relatively unpolluted freshwaters and good indicators of