Basic Bibliography Universidad del Pais Vasco/ Servicio Editorial Sour Sugar Apartado 1.397. Bilbao 48080 The life and fortunes of the Italian Tfo. 94 601 20 00 / Fax: 94 480 13 14 and Basque sugar cane cutters in e-mail: luxedito arrobaIg.ehu.es tropical Australia WILLIAM A. DOUGLASS Religion and society in the This is a historical and anthropological analy- A Noble Lady: Herio Anderea sis of the European substitution of the Basque Country Melanesians or Kanakas in the task of cutting Attitudes in relation to death in the sugar cane in Queensland, in the north of tro- Basque Country pical Australia. (14th to 16th centuries) th (18th and 19th centuries) During the second half of 19 century Queensland became one of the most impor- ERNESTO GARCÍA FERNÁNDEZ tant sugar producers in the world. At the end of the century the Australian colonies started JUAN MADARIAGA ORBEA to federate in a State-Nation where white ra- CONTEMPORARY HISTORY SERIES, Nº 15 This book studies the following subjects: dioce- cial policy was a very important issue. ses, Christian instruction, the image of the As a result the “colored” sugar cane cutters The “death lady” herio anderea, whose visit is clergy, the Durango heretics (Bizkaia), the re- feared by all although nobody can avoid it, lations among Christians, Jews and Moslems were replaced by white Europeans. But, as which was understood and experienced along and the Inquisition in this area. they believed that the northern Europeans we- history in very different ways; sometimes it This historical research offers the most recent re not made for manual labor in the tropics, was esteemed and exalted, it was often fea- studies on the subject, it brings new informa- Queensland tried to recruit immigrants from red, sometimes hidden, but always present. tion coming from hitherto unknown docu- southern Europe. This work deals with the complex game of at- ments, it provides original approaches and This book presents a controlled comparison titudes and behaviors that formed the cultural points of view in the analysis and interpreta- between two groups of sugar cane cutters system in regard to death in the Basque tion of the existing documents. But most of all from the South of Europe: Italians and Country during the end of the Old Regime and the book lays the foundations upon which we Basques. Particularly immigrants recruited its fall and reformulation during 19th century. can continue building the history of the rela- during the late fifties and early sixties are The valley of Oñate is studied as a local model tions among Basque society, its religious fee- representing the whole country. ■ lings and the world of the church. ■ analyzed in terms of their success or failure to adapt to Australia. ■ Amerikanuak Keeping the identity The basques in the new world The Basques in river Carabelas ALFONSO PÉREZ-AGOTE, JESÚS AZCONA AND ANDER GURRUTXAGA SOCIAL SCIENCES SERIES, N°5 WILLIAM A. DOUGLASS Y JON BILBAO River Carabelas is one of the 350 water flows crossing the Paraná delta. In the second half of 19th The participation of the Basques in the New century a group of Basques living in Argentina decided to colonize the banks of this river. World for five centuries has managed to avoid Nowadays, with the fifth generation on scene, the Basques from river Carabelas constitute a group appearing in significant historical studies. This of families with a specific common identity. This identity is endangered by marriage, education, pro- is a typically Basque feature, for reticence is the fessional interests and residence. However, they keep their identity, their reference to the founding deepest mark of Basque character. However, epic and to the first territory by means of recurrent rituals. their participation reached a surprising de- gree. Their specific identity is complex because it refers to the community, Euskal Herria and Argentina. Anthropologist William Douglass and historian This tension is kept active by different social segments with different views on tradition and co- Jon Bilbao undertook the task of finding the llective memory and with different economic strategies. But all those aspects are kept together by traces, which were sometimes very dark, of the their sense of identity and by a specific family architecture that prevent the tensions from explo- activities of the Basques in the New World. ding. ■ William Douglass had been living in the be- ginning of his career as an anthropologist in some villages of Bizkaia and Navarre for three years. He learned the Basque language during The Transition in the Basque Country and in Spain those years, and he published the books Death in Murélaga, Echalar and Murélaga: opportu- History and Memory nity and rural depopulation in two Spanish Basque villages, as well as many articles in specialized magazines. His work among the EDITOR: JAVIER UGARTE Basques in the American West started in 1967 This work includes the papers, testimonies and resumes of the communications presented in the under the Basque Studies Program, belonging “Historic symposium on the Transition” celebrated in Vitoria-Gasteiz in July ’96. to the Institute of Research on the Desert of the These works presented in the book by professor Javier Ugarte provide different approaches and University of Nevada. points of view of the historic process of Spanish Transition and, more specifically, of the transition in Jon Bilbao, a Basque born in Puerto Rico, spent the Basque Country. his life researching in the Basque Country and The authors of the articles, which are all written with rigor and agility, are professors Walther in Cuba. He published the book The Basques in Bernecker, José Casanova, Santos Juliá, Pere Ysás, Antonio Rivera, Manuel Montero and Paloma Cuba and the volumes of Eusko Bibliographia, Aguilar. There are also the testimonies of the politicians Santiago Carrillo, Gabriel Cisneros, Mitxel a bibliography of works on Basque subjects Unzueta, Alfredo Marco Tabor and Mario Onaindia, and of journalist Santiago Gonzalez. that took him over 25 years to write. ■ The volume includes resumes of all the papers presented in the symposium. ■ 28.