PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH SYMPOSIUM ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF LOWER TENNESSEE AND CUMBERLAND RIVER VALLEYS HELD AT BRANDON SPRING GROUP CAMP LAND BETWEEN THE LAKES MARCH 30 AND 31, 2007 Sponsored by: The Center of Excellence for Field Biology Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee and The Center for Reservoir Research Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Land Between The Lakes National Recreation Area Golden Pond, Kentucky ******* EDITED BY: Betsie B. Rothermel, Andrew N. Barrass, L. Dwayne Estes and Steven W. Hamilton The Center of Excellence for Field Biology Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee 37044 Price: $5.00 SUGGESTED CITATION Rothermel, B.B., A.N. Barrass, L.D. Estes and S.W. Hamilton. 2008. Proceedings ofthe 12th Symposium on the Natural History of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys. The Center of Excellence for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University, Tennessee. Published July 2008 PREFACE The 12th Symposium on the Natural History of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys was convened at Brandon Spring Group Camp at 1:30 p.m. on Friday, March 30,2007. Dr. Steven W. Hamilton, Interim Director of The Center of Excellence for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University welcomed the assembly on behalf of the Center. Dr. Susan Calovini, Interim Dean of the College of Science and Mathematics, at Austin Peay State University followed with welcoming comments· on behalf of the college. Dr. David S. White, Director of the Hancock Biological Station and the Center for Reservoir Research, Murray State University, greeted the group on behalf of those entities. Representing U.S. Forest Service's Land Between The Lakes National Recreation Area, Environmental Stewardship Department Manager Judy Hallisey welcomed the group to LBL. Following the welcoming comments, Dr. Betsie B. Rothermel, The Center of Excellence for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University, moderated the invited paper session, which was themed "Habitat Fragmentation: Ecological Implications for Management." The first invited speaker was Dr. Paul Porneluzi, Associate Professor of Biology, Central Methodist University. His presentation was entitled "Testing the Effects of Forestry on Songbirds via the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project." Following a brief break, Dr. Thomas O. Crist, Professor, Department of Zoology, Miami University presented an invited talk entitled "From Habitat Fragmentation to Spatial Heterogeneity: New Approaches to Understanding Biodiversity Change in Human-Altered Landscapes." The third invited speaker, Dr. R. Edward DeWalt, Associate Research Scientist, Illinois Natural History Survey, presented "Habitat Fragmentation and Extirpation and Range Loss of Stoneflies of illinois." The Saturday morning contributed papers were presented in two concurrent sessions. Session I, Botany, was moderated by Dr. Edward W. Chester, Department of Biology, Austin Peay State University and Session II, Aquatic Biology and Zoology, was moderated by Dr. Andrew N. Barrass, The Center of Excellence for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University. The Botany session was comprised of thirteen papers, four of which are published in these proceedings as full manuscripts. Abstracts of the remaining eleven papers are included herein. The thirteen papers presented in the Aquatic Biology and Zoology session are published here as abstracts, except for one which has a full manuscript. These proceedings of the 12th symposium follow the format of previous proceedings published by the Center of Excellence for Field Biology. Papers and abstracts were reviewed by the staff of The Center for style, structure, content and scientific merit. In addition, invited papers were reviewed by external reviewers. We thank the authors for their diligence in submitting manuscripts and abstracts and hope that our efforts have resulted in a quality presentation of their research. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The editors thank Jean Langley, secretary of the Center, for her assistance in preparation of these proceedings. Additional thanks go to Ms. Langley for her effort in organizing and managing the two-day symposium. We appreciate the efforts of the many Center for Field Biology undergraduate and graduate research assistants for their help in preparing, assembling, operating and disassembling the symposium. We also thank the staff of Brandon Spring Group Camp for the help and hospitality. i SYMPOSIUM REGISTRANTS Following, in alphabetical order, is a list of those individuals who registered at the 2007 symposium. Institutional affiliation (when available), city (of the person's institution or home), and state are also given. Andrew N. Barrass - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Carol Baskin - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Jerry M. Baskin - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Charles N. Boehms ­ Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Zachary A. Brian - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Brittany Card - Belmont University, Nashville, TN; Emilie Carroll - Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Edward W. Chester - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Todd Crabtree - TDEC, Nashville, TN; Thomas O. Crist - Miami University, Oxford, OH; Hal De Selm - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN; R. Edward DeWalt - lllinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, IL; Peter Dubinin - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Julia Earl- Murray State University, Murray, KY; Dwayne Estes - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN; Kevin Fitch - TDEC, Nashville, TN; James Fralish - Southern lllinois University, Carbondale, IL; Judy Hallisey - USDA Forest Service LBL NRA, Golden Pond, KY; Steven W. Hamilton­ Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; lin Handayani - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Kate He - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Susan Hendricks - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Chris Henson - University of Memphis, Memphis, TN; Don Hubbs - TWRA, Nashville, TN; Ben Iobst - Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Jeffrey A. Jackson - Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY; Gehan Jayasuriya - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Sarah Jo Jenkins - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Eric Johansen - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Mike Kennedy - University of Memphis, Memphis, TN; Josh Koontz - University of Memphis, Memphis, TN; Amy Krzton-Presson ­ Murray State University, Murray, KY; Morgan Kurz - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Jean Langley - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; DeLacy LeBlanc - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; David Lincicome - TDEC, Nashville, TN; Laurina Lyle - University of the South, Sewanee, TN; Andy Madison - Union University, Jackson, TN; Josh Maloney - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Silas Mathes - TDEC, Nashville, TN; Seth McCormick - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville,TN; Jim McCoy - USDA Forest Service, Golden Pond, KY; Roger McCoy - TDEC, Nashville, TN; Johnathan McQuaide - Southern lllinois University, Carbondale, IL; Jamie Miller - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Shelly Morris - The Nature Conservancey, Lexington, KY; Steve Murphree ­ Belmont University, Nashville, TN; Jim Neblett - Belmont University, Nashville, TN; Nathan Parker - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Thomas D. Payne - Hopkinsville, KY; Neil Pederson - Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY; Dana Porneluzi - University of Missiouri, Columbia, MO; Paul Porneluzi - Central Methodist University, Fayette, MO; Xiaoxia Qu - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; James B. Ramsey - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Josh Ream - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville,TN; Katie Richardson - USDA Forest Service, Golden Pond, KY; Stephen Richter - Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY; Lacey Robertson - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Ginger Robinson - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Michelle Rogers - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Betsie B. Rothermel- Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Joe Schiller - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville,TN; A. Floyd Scott - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; Courtney Snapp - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Karl Sorensen - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville,KY; Brooke Traynham - Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Christopher Van Plelt - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville,TN; Brenda H. Webb - Florence, AL; David Webb - TVA, Florence, AL; Carrie Whalen - Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN; David White - Murray State University, Murray, KY; Robin Zhang - Murray State University, Murray, KY. ii SYMPOSIUM SPEAKERS Invited Speakers Paul Pomeluzi Thomas O. Crist Central Methodist University Miami University (Ohio) R. Edward DeWalt Illinois Natural History Survey iii Contributed Papers Session I: Botany - (from left) Kate He, Dwayne Estes, Gehan Jayasuriya, Josh Koontz, Carol Baskin, Edward W. Chester (moderator), Kevin C. Fitch, Laurina 1. Lyle, Jerry M. Baskin, James S. Fralish, Xiao-Xia Qu, Hal De Selm Session II: Aquatic Biology and Zoology - (from left) Nathan L. Parker, Benjamin J. Beas, Brooke Traynham, Jamie J. Miller, Joshua L. Maloney, Julia Earl, Courtney Snapp, Ben Jobst, Emilie Carroll, James B. Ramsey, DeLacy LeBlanc, Sarah Jo Jenkins, Andrew N. Barrass (moderator) IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS i SYMPOSIUM REGISTRANTS ii SYMPOSIUM SPEAKERS iii INVITED PAPERS -