Statistic Data With regard to the social development, three indicators namely the literacy rate, enrolment rate of secondary and higher education, and poverty rate were focused. A very low literacy rate below 50% was observed in all governorates in North Upper Egypt region and some of governorates in Alexandria, Delta, and South Upper Egypt regions (Figure 1.1.23). On the contrary a very high literacy rate was given to Cairo, Port-Said, and Damietta governorates. Similar characteristics were observed in the enrolment rate of secondary and higher education and the poverty rate (Figure 1.1.23 and Figure 1.1.24). Low enrolment rate and high poverty rates were observed in governorates, which was given the very low literacy rate. In Cairo, literacy rate is very high such as 80% or more, while enrolment rate of secondary and high educations are very high, 40% or more as well. Literacy Rate Enrolment Rate of Secondary and Higher Education Source: Egypt Human Development Report 2005, UNDP Figure 1.1.23 Literacy Rate and Enrolment Rate by Governorate in 2004 Source: Egypt Human Development Report 2005, UNDP Figure 1.1.24 Poverty Rate by Governorate in 2004 7 / 52 ページ Statistic Data 2. Outline of Cairo 2.1 Socio-economic Conditions Table: 2.2.1 Major Socio-Economic Indicators of the Cairo, Giza and Qaliobeya in 2006 Indicator Unit 2006 Population Total1) 1000 16,101 Growth Rate in 1996-20061) % per year 2.22 Age Structure1) less than 5 yrs old % 10 5 - 14 yrs old % 19 15- 65 yrs old % 66 65 yrs old or % 5 more Economy GRDP million LE 164,372 GRDP per Capita (2001 price)3) LE per capita 10,209 Employment Total2) 1000 4,310 Sector Share (Pri/Sec/Ter) 2) % 6/39/55 Unemployment2) % 7 Education No. of Students1) Primary 1000 1,827 Preparatory 1000 479 Secondary 1000 593 University 1000 504 Enrolment (Pri/Prep/Sec/Univ) 1) % 100/50/58/37 Source 1) Census, CAPMAS, 2006 Source 2) Statistics, CAPMAS, 2006 Source 3) Assumption based on Egypt Human Development Report 2005, UNDP Note: With regard to the unemployment rate, labor force included age group of 15 years old and more and excluded persons who were students, house wives, over aged, handicapped, and not intended to work. 20,000 18,000 18,297 16,000 14,886 14,000 00) Total 12,000 12,290 Cairo (1,0 10,000 on i t 9,172 Giza a l 8,000 7,787 6,801 Qaliobeya opu 6,000 6,059 6,273 P 5,074 4,784 4,000 4,237 3,719 3,301 2,000 2,417 2,512 1,681 0 1976 1986 1996 2006 Source: Census, CAPMAS, 2006 Figure 2.2.1 Population of Cairo, Giza, and Qaliobeya in 1976-2006 8 / 52 ページ Statistic Data 5.00 4.50 4.40 ) 4.00 r 4.10 a 3.50 r ye Total 3.00 2.97 2.77 2.75 Cairo (% pe 2.50 2.55 2.53 e t Giza 2.08 Ra 2.00 1.93 h 1.79 Qaliobeya t 1.50 1.36 ow r 1.16 G 1.00 0.50 0.00 76-86 86-96 96-06 Source: Census, CAPMAS, 2006 Figure 2.2.2 Population Growth Rate of Cairo, Giza, and Qaliobeya in 1976-2006 160,000 10,000 ) a 140,000 8,877 9,000 t 8,338 133,696 pi 8,060 8,000 a ) 7,728 120,168 120,000 r c E 113,644 e L 7,000 p 106,624 n 100,000 E o 6,000 i l (L l GRDP i 80,000 5,000 a t m pi GRDP per Capita 60,000 4,000 DP ( 3,000 r Ca GR 40,000 pe 2,000 P 20,000 D 1,000 R 0 0 G 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2003/04 Source: Egypt Human Development Report, UNDP, 2005 Figure 2.2.16 GRDP and GRDP per Capita in the Study Area in 1999/2000-2003/2004 9 / 52 ページ Statistic Data The education system consisted of four different levels of primary, preparatory, secondary, and university. There were 3.4 million students in the study area in 2006. Enrolment rate of the primary was estimated at favorably 100%. The preparatory and secondary levels needed the improvement, since their enrolment rates were at the relatively low level less than 60% (Table 2.2.4). Table2.2.4 Number of Students by Education Level in the Study Area in 2006 Governorate Number of Student Attendance Rate (1,000) (%) Pri. Prep. Sec. Univ. Pri. Prep. Sec. Cairo 752 288 344 190 100 74 76 Giza 681 72 108 255 100 20 30 Qaliobeya 379 114 132 59 100 60 65 10th of Ramadan 14 4 8 0 100 50 57 Total 1,827 479 593 503 100 50 58 Source: Census, CAPMAS, 2006 Note: Primary (Pri.) covers six years education (6-11yrs old), Preparatory (Prep.) covers three years education (12-14 yrs old), Secondary (Sec.) covers three to five years education (15-17 yrs old), and University (Univ.) covers four years education (18-21 yrs old). Conclusion related to Socio-Economic Conditions (1) Population growth Existing population in the study area increased to 16 million in 2006 with an annual growth rate at 2.22% higher than that of three governorates. The population growth was led by NUCs, which experienced the high rate at more than 10% per year in 1996-2006. Villages & small towns had a grow rate at 2.0% per year higher than that of main agglomeration. Incremental population has shifted from the central part of main agglomeration, in which shiakha experienced the negative growth rate, to its outskirts, villages & small towns, and NUCs. (2) Population distribution Main agglomeration still had a large share at 77% to the total population, even though its growth rate was lower than that of NUCs and villages & small towns. Large amount of incremental population still existed in the main agglomeration. (3) Population density The study area had the considerably high density at 351 persons per ha in 2006. Among the existing built-up area, the main agglomeration formed highly dense areas at 397 persons per ha. Population increase still progressed in the highly dense areas with an annual growth rate at 1.7%. 10 / 52 ページ Statistic Data (4) Economic activities and education High GRDP growth rate was observed in the recent year, and was led by four sectors; retail and whole sale; construction; tourism; telecommunication, and manufacturing. Provision of education achieved to the certain level for the primary education, of which enrolment rate was estimated at 100% in 2006. Preparatory and higher education needed to improve their enrolment rates. 11 / 52 ページ Study Routes Approx.10km Population Density 0～100 101～300 301～500 501～1000 1,001～ Figure Population Density and Study Routes 12 / 52 ページ Study Routes Population Density Increment ～-100 Approx.10km -99～0 1～250 251～500 501～ Figure Population Density Growth in 1996 ～2006 13 / 52 ページ Statistic Data 2.2 Natural conditions 14 / 52 ページ Loose sand Alluvial Deposits Study Routes Sand and Gravels Urban area? Approx.10km Sandstone Limestone Figure General Geology around Site 15 / 52 ページ Study Routes Natural Reservation Area Control Area for Agriculture Approx.10km Built-up Area Archeology Protection Area Figure Proposed Environmental Conservation Area 16 / 52 ページ Study Routes 400m Figure Proposed Transportation Network Project 17 / 52 ページ.