Report ITU-R BT.2254 (09/2012) Frequency and network planning aspects of DVB-T2 BT Series Broadcasting service (television) ii Rep. ITU-R BT.2254 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Reports (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2012 ITU 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rep. ITU-R BT.2254 1 REPORT ITU-R BT.2254 Frequency and network planning aspects of DVB-T2 DVB-T2 is a 2nd generation terrestrial broadcast transmission system developed by DVB project since 2006. The main purpose was to increase capacity, ruggedness and flexibility to the DVB-T system. The first version was published by ETSI as EN 302 755 in 2009. This Report provides guidance on frequency and network planning of DVB-T2. It has been developed by EBU Members involved in planning of DVB-T2 networks. It is intended to help broadcast network operators in their planning and administrations in defining the most suitable set of parameters from the large possibilities offered by the DVB-T2 system. In its present form, it has been published as EBU Tech 3348 ‘Frequency and network aspects of DVB-T2’. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Commercial requirements for DVB-T2 .............................................................. 6 1.2 DVB-T and DVB-T2; what is the difference? .................................................... 6 1.3 Notes on this Report ........................................................................................... 7 2 System properties ........................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Bandwidth ........................................................................................................... 8 2.2 FFT size .............................................................................................................. 8 2.3 Modulation scheme and guard interval ............................................................... 10 2.4 Available data rate .............................................................................................. 11 2.5 Carrier-to-noise ratio C/N ................................................................................... 13 2.5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 13 2.5.2 Methodology for the derivation of the C/N .......................................... 14 2.5.3 Common reception channels ................................................................ 14 2.5.4 C/N for Gaussian channel .................................................................... 15 2.5.5 C/N for Rice and Rayleigh channel ...................................................... 18 2.6 Rotated constellation .......................................................................................... 21 2.6.1 Concept ................................................................................................ 21 2.6.2 Constellation diagram .......................................................................... 21 2.6.3 Rotation of the constellation diagram .................................................. 22 2.6.4 Rotation angle ...................................................................................... 23 2 Rep. ITU-R BT.2254 Page 2.6.5 Time delay between I and Q ................................................................ 23 2.6.6 Improvement of performance ............................................................... 24 2.7 Scattered pilot patterns ....................................................................................... 25 2.7.1 Principle of scattered pilot pattern ....................................................... 25 2.7.2 Sample pilot pattern choices ................................................................ 27 2.8 Time interleaving ................................................................................................ 29 2.9 Bandwidth extension .......................................................................................... 30 2.10 Phase noise .......................................................................................................... 31 2.11 Choice of system parameters .............................................................................. 31 2.11.1 Choice of FFT size ............................................................................... 31 2.11.2 Selection of DVB-T2 mode for SFNs .................................................. 32 3 Receiver properties, sharing and compatibility, network planning parameters ............. 33 3.1 Minimum receiver signal input levels ................................................................ 33 3.2 Signal levels for planning ................................................................................... 34 3.3 Examples of signal levels for planning ............................................................... 35 3.3.1 DVB-T2 in Band III ............................................................................. 36 3.3.2 DVB-T2 in Band IV/V ......................................................................... 39 3.4 Protection ratios .................................................................................................. 42 3.4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 42 3.4.2 DVB-T2 vs. DVB-T2/DVB-T ............................................................. 42 3.4.3 DVB-T2 vs. T-DAB ............................................................................. 44 3.4.4 DVB-T2 vs. Analogue TV ................................................................... 44 3.4.5 DVB-T2 vs. LTE .................................................................................. 44 3.4.6 Protection ratios for DVB-T2 modes other than the reference mode .. 46 3.5 DVB-T2 equalisation interval, EI ....................................................................... 47 4 New planning features .................................................................................................... 50 4.1 SFN Extension .................................................................................................... 50 4.1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 50 4.1.2 Example 1: Rooftop Reception, SFN, Large Area, VHF ..................... 51 4.1.3 Example 2: Portable reception (with 64-QAM), SFN, Large Area, VHF ...................................................................................................... 52 4.1.4 Example 3: Portable reception, SFN, Medium Area, UHF ................. 54 Rep. ITU-R BT.2254 3 Page 4.1.5 Example 4: Portable reception, SFN, large area, UHF ........................ 56 4.2 Degradation beyond guard interval .................................................................... 58 4.2.1 Use of higher FFT modes ..................................................................... 58 4.3 MISO (multiple input single output) .................................................................. 60 4.3.1 General considerations ......................................................................... 60 4.3.2 Transmission parameter considerations ............................................... 62 4.3.3 Planning applications and considerations ............................................ 62 4.3.4 Qualitative description of the MISO gain ............................................ 63 4.3.5 Example of MISO coverage gain ......................................................... 64 4.4 Time-Frequency Slicing (TFS) ........................................................................... 65 4.4.1 TFS in the DVB-T2 standard ..............................................................