2011 Annual Report NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING ENGINEERING THE FUTURE 1 Letter from the President 3 In Service to the Nation 3 Mission Statement 4 Program Reports 4 Engineering Education Frontiers of Engineering Education (FOEE) Real World Engineering Education (RWEE) 2-Year and 4-Year Engineering and Engineering Technology Transfer Student Pilot Principal Investigators Garnering Useful Instruction on Developing [Project] Effectiveness (PI GUIDE) 5 Technological Literacy Standards for K–12 Engineering Integrated STEM Education 6 Public Understanding of Engineering Committee on Implementing Effective Messages Media Relations Public Relations Grand Challenges for Engineering 7 Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society 9 Diversity of the Engineering Workforce EngineerGirl! Website Engineer Your Life Project 10 Frontiers of Engineering Armstrong Endowment for Young Engineers—Gilbreth Lectures 11 Manufacturing, Design, and Innovation Making Things: Annual Meeting Forum Committee on Manufacturing, Design, and Innovation 12 Technology, Science, and Peacebuilding 13 Global Navigation Satellite Systems 15 Lessons from the Macondo Well–Deepwater Horizon Blowout for Improving Offshore Drilling Safety 16 Engineering and Health 16 The Emerging Field of Synthetic Biology: Six Academy Dialogues 18 Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Developing Regional Innovation Environments 18 STEM Workforce Needs for National Defense 19 America’s Energy Future: Technology Opportunities, Risks, and Tradeoffs 20 2011 NAE Awards Recipients 22 2011 New Members and Foreign Associates 24 NAE Anniversary Members 28 2011 Private Contributions 30 Einstein Society 31 Golden Bridge Society 32 Heritage Society 32 Catalyst Society 33 Rosette Society 33 Challenge Society 34 Charter Society 35 Other Individual Donors 38 Foundations, Corporations, and Other Organizations 40 National Academy of Engineering Fund Financial Report 42 Report of Independent Certified Public Accountants 47 Notes to Financial Statements 63 Officers 63 Councillors 64 Staff 64 NAE Publications Letter from the President The issues laid out by the National Academies some six years ago in our report Rising Above the Gathering Storm continue to resonate across the political landscape, among corporations and universities, and across the engineering community. The importance of government support for robust investment in long-term R&D, attracting the best and brightest from the U.S. and throughout the world to engineering and science careers, reinvig- orating the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship, and build- ing an America with world-class precollege and university education and training for all our young people remains undiminished. The NAE is especially attuned to the need for more and better engineers. Charles M. Vest U.S. industry, including the national security industry, will face a wave of retirements in the coming years. Many high-tech companies already report that they cannot find qualified U.S. citizens to fill critically important engineering and technology jobs, including in manufacturing. In the past, gaps in engineering manpower have been filled with the best and brightest engineers from other countries, and those immigrants made remarkable contributions to entrepreneurship and job creation in this country, but it will be increasingly difficult to attract such people to the United States in the face of attractive opportunities offered by newly emerging economies. And while many students who receive their training here aspire to stay and contribute to the United States, our visa policies make their paths difficult. Increasingly, what is seen today is a “brain circula- tion” around the globe—and young Americans are joining this great circulation as well. Thus, this nation needs to focus on training a new generation of brilliant U.S. engineers, researchers, and entrepreneurs to secure a vibrant future for the country, with an undi- minished quality of living, and then retain this new generation of highly skilled workers by providing opportunities for them to flourish in industry, academia, and government. In 2011 the NAE continued a concerted effort to “change the conversation” by encour- aging messages intended to improve the public perception of engineering, especially, among bright young people who aspire to make the world a better place. The goal is to encourage them to consider an engineering education by helping them appreciate the creativity of engineering through such messages as “Dreams need doing” and the critical importance of engineering to the future well-being of our nation because “Engineering is essential to our health, happiness, and safety.” The NAE has also moved the discussion from the abstract to the real world by identifying and publicizing the Grand Challenges facing humankind, which can only be solved with engineers at the center of the effort— driving sustainability, advancing the cause of better health, making the world more secure, and expanding humankind’s capabilities to enable more joyful and productive lives (see www.engineeringmessages.org). To further highlight the importance of engi- neering to the future welfare of the nation, we began planning a National Engineering Forum, in partnership with the Lockheed Martin Corporation to be held in September 2012 in New York City. Improving K–12 education is critical, but fostering continuous improvement in under- graduate engineering education is no less important. To that end, the NAE staged its third Frontiers of Engineering Education (FOEE) symposium in 2011. This symposium brings together the nation’s next generation of engineering education leaders to recognize, reward, and promote effective, substantive, and inspirational engineering education. 1 In a forum at the NAE Annual Meeting in October 2011, a panel of experts explored the many facets of contemporary manufacturing and design and helped establish a fresh view of the opportunities and responsibilities of engineering leaders (see http://fednet. net/nas101711/ and www.nae.edu/56070.aspx). To develop an NAE Manufacturing, Design, and Innovation Initiative, I have charged a committee to identify significant national challenges for U.S.-based manufacturing, design, and innovation and to recom- mend questions for the NAE to investigate to address these challenges. The issues are complex. All large corporations are now global entities, as they must be in today’s global economy. Enormous wealth is being generated in the United States, but traditional manufacturing jobs and, increasingly, a good chunk of engineering functions have been outsourced to other countries, and we, as a nation, must question whether this is a sustainable scenario. Because the world is now totally interconnected, both manufacturing and service functions are distributed far and wide, with the consequence that corporate interests and national interests have frequently become the yin and yang of global enterprises. But dealing with a global marketplace is a necessity in today’s world; nations must simultaneously compete to achieve excellence and wealth and must cooperate with each other to gain efficiency and spread markets. The NAE continues to engage in activities that support the Academy’s mission of expand- ing and enhancing relationships among engineering communities worldwide. In 2011 the NAE held bilateral Frontiers of Engineering (FOE) program meetings with China, hosted by Qualcomm, Inc., in San Diego, with Japan in Osaka, and with the European Union at the Beckman Center in Irvine, California. In cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the NAE held a workshop on Global Navigation Satellite Systems in Shanghai in May 2011. We are grateful to the Grainger Foundation for its support of the FOE program and for providing seed funding for two grants of $30,000 each to be given to U.S. Frontiers of Engineering (USFOE) participants who pursue innovative interdisci- plinary research and projects stimulated by the USFOE symposium. The independent programs of the NAE depend greatly on private philanthropy, and we are extremely proud that our members believe those programs are worthy of their sup- port. Once again, we are especially grateful to Joan and Irwin Jacobs for establishing a matching gift challenge for new members to encourage annual donations to the NAE by the Class of 2011. The pages that follow provide the names of NAE members and friends whose generous contributions are helping the Academy pursue its mission to advance the well-being of the nation by promoting a vibrant engineering profession and by mar- shalling the expertise and insights of eminent engineers to provide independent advice to the federal government on matters involving engineering and technology. We thank them for their support. In this annual report you will also find important details on the scope and depth of the NAE’s work in 2011. Thank you. Charles M. Vest President 2 NAE In Service to the Nation Every day our nation faces questions related to engineering and technology. What does the nation need to do to prosper in the global economy? What is the role of basic research and development in ensuring future economic development? How do we assess the importance of manufacturing in the U.S. to national prosperity? How can we ensure that students are aware of the nature of engineering and its importance to the nation, so they can make informed decisions about pursuing an engineering education? How do we ensure that undergraduate engineering education meets the needs of those