PEACE MEDIATION GERMANY The OSCE as Mediator Instruments – Challenges – Potentials German OSCE Chairmanship 2016 Conference 6 July 2016 CONFERENCE REPORT The OSCE as Mediator Instruments – Challenges – Potentials German OSCE Chairmanship 2016 Conference CONFERENCE REPORT 6 July 2016 Table of Contents Conference Programme ......................................................... 4 Insider Mediators as Part of Peace Infrastructure: Where do they complement and where do they pose a challenge? Executive Summary ............................................................. 6 Kick-off Examples from Northern Ireland and Tajikistan ............................ 16 Foreword: Rüdiger König, Director-General, Directorate-General S Protracted Conicts and their Multi-Dimensionality for Mediation: for Crisis Prevention, Stabilisation, Post-Conict Peacebuilding and How to see and use the potential of perceived deadlock situations? Humanitarian Assistance, German Foreign Ofce ................................... 7 Kick-off Examples from the Transdniestrian Settlement Process .................... 19 Keynote: Dr h.c. Gernot Erler, Inclusivity in Mediation Processes: Who sits at the table – who at the window? Special Representative of the Federal Government of Germany Kick-off Examples from the Belgrade-Pristina-Dialogue ........................... 22 for the OSCE Chairmanship ...................................................... 8 The OSCE: Variety of Mediation Instruments in the Case of Ukraine ................. 25 The OSCE and Mediation – Roles and Approaches ................................. 10 Key Points and Conclusions ..................................................... 28 Status-neutral Mediation Approaches: How to involve non-recognised or disputed entities? Kick-off Examples from South Caucasus ......................................... 13 4 Conference Report 2016 11:15 Parallel Panels Conference Programme Status-neutral Mediation Approaches: How to involve non-recognised 1 or disputed entities? The OSCE as Mediator: Instruments – Challenges – Potentials Kick-off Examples from South Caucasus Europasaal, Federal Foreign Ofce, Berlin, 6 July 2016 Ambassador Dr Günther Bächler, Special Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in-Ofce for the South Caucasus Dr Oliver Wolleh, Programme Director Caucasus, Berghof Foundation Nina Tsikhistavi, Director, International Center on Conict and Negotiation 08:00 Registration and Coffee (ICCN), Georgia 09:00 Welcome Magdalena Grono, Europe and Central Asia Program Director, International Crisis Group Rüdiger König, Director-General, Directorate-General S for Crisis Prevention, Stabilisation, Post-Conict Peacebuilding and Humanitarian Chair: Assistance, Federal Foreign Ofce, Germany Dirk Splinter, inmedio Berlin – institute for mediation . consulting . development Sebastian Dworack, Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) Keynote The OSCE as Mediator Dr h.c. Gernot Erler, Special Representative of the Federal Government of Germany for the OSCE Chairmanship Insider Mediators as Part of Peace Infrastructure: Where do they 2 complement and where do they pose a challenge? Kick-off Examples from Northern Ireland and Tajikistan Plenary Panel Rev. Dr Gary Mason, Founder and Director, Rethinking Conict, Northern The OSCE and Mediation: Roles and Approaches Ireland Paul Picard, Deputy Director for Operations Service, OSCE Conict Dr Faredun Hodi-Zoda, Director, The Academy of Dialogue, Tajikistan Prevention Centre Luxshi Vimalarajah, Programme Director Dialogue, Mediation and Ambassador Astrid Thors, OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities Peace Support Structures, Berghof Foundation Edelgard Bulmahn, Vice-President, German Bundestag Dr Christina Stenner, Mediation Support Ofcer, OSCE Conict Prevention Prof. Dr Dr h.c. Christian Tomuschat, President of the OSCE Court Centre of Conciliation and Arbitration Chair: Chair: Dr Norbert Ropers, Berghof Foundation Dr Almut Wieland-Karimi, Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) Amit Singhal, Department of Political Affairs, United Nations Dr Norbert Ropers, Berghof Foundation 10:45 Coffee Break Conference Report 2016 5 Protracted Conicts and their Multi-Dimensionality for Mediation: 13:15 Lunch Break How to see and use the potential of perceived deadlock situations? 3 14:30 Plenary Panel Kick-off Examples from the Transdniestrian Settlement Process Ambassador Cord Meier-Klodt, Special Representative of the OSCE The OSCE: Variety of Mediation Instruments in the Case of Ukraine Chairperson-in-Ofce for the Transdniestrian Settlement Process Ambassador Dr Martin Sajdik, Special Representative of the OSCE Rasa Ostrauskaite, Deputy Director OSCE Conict Prevention Centre Chairperson-in-Ofce in Ukraine and in the Trilateral Contact Group Roxana Cristescu, Head, Eurasia Programme, Crisis Management Initiative Minister Konstantin Obolensky, Deputy Head of the Human Security (CMI) Division, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs Walter Kemp, Vice-President, International Peace Institute, Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger, Chairman of the Munich Security Director for Europe and Central Asia Conference Dr Tanja Tamminen, Leader of the Research Group on Frozen and Unfrozen Ambassador Eberhard Pohl, Head of the Permanent Mission of the Federal Conicts, Institute for East and Southeast European Studies Republic of Germany to the OSCE Chair: Chair: Prof. Dr Lars Kirchhoff, Center for Peace Mediation, Rüdiger König, Directorate-General S for Crisis Prevention, Stabilisation, European University Viadrina Post-Conict Peacebuilding and Humanitarian Assistance, Federal Foreign Julia von Dobeneck, Center for Peace Mediation, Ofce, Germany European University Viadrina Inclusivity in Mediation Processes: Who sits at the table – 16:00 Conclusions and Recommendations who at the window? 4 Dr Almut Wieland-Karimi, Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) Kick-off Examples from the Belgrade-Pristina-Dialogue Dr Norbert Ropers, Berghof Foundation Ambassador Samuel Žbogar, Head of the European Union Ofce in Kosovo/European Union Special Representative in Kosovo Ambassador Jean-Claude Schlumberger, Head of the OSCE Mission in Kosovo 16:30 End of Conference followed by coffee and light refreshments Valdete Idrizi, Executive Director, platforma CiviKos, Pristina Sonja Biserko, President, Helsinki Committee for Human Rights Serbia Chair: Brigitta von Messling, Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) Christoph Lüttmann, CSSP – Berlin Center for Integrative Mediation 6 Conference Report 2016 Executive Summary The German Chairmanship hosted the conference “The OSCE as Mediator. Instruments – Challenges – Potentials” in Berlin on 6 July 2016. The event was organised in cooperation with the Initiative Mediation Support Germany (IMSD)1. More than 200 participants from across the OSCE region attended, including high-ranking representatives of governments or parliaments of participating states, special envoys and practitioners engaged in mediation processes in the OSCE area, and mediation experts from civil society and academia. Participants stressed the crucial role the OSCE plays in conict Broad support was expressed for: prevention and resolution across the OSCE area and the continued need for dialogue, mediation and mediation support at all levels to • Further strengthening mediation as an important instrument • Strengthening the focus on effective conict prevention, with increase trust, stability and security for OSCE populations affected of the OSCE across the conict cycle; mediation being one of the most efcient instruments with regard or threatened by conict. to the cost-effect relationship. • Promoting the role of women at all levels and in all phases of The conference opened with a keynote by Dr Gernot Erler, Special mediation; • Continuing to focus on capacity building both within the OSCE Representative of the Federal Government of Germany for the and in the conict regions. OSCE Chairmanship, followed by a plenary panel on the current • Increasing the inclusivity of dialogue processes and the instruments and contributions of the various OSCE institutions and implementation of agreements by opening up ways for wider bodies to mediation. This was followed by parallel panels in which segments of the population to contribute as early as possible, 1 The IMSD consists of the Berghof Foundation, the Center for Peace participants discussed different aspects of mediative approaches, especially civil society and youth; Mediation (CPM) at the European University Viadrina, CSSP – Berlin such as status-neutral mediation, the potential of insider mediators, Center for Integrative Mediation, inmedio berlin – institute for particularities of mediation in protracted conicts and questions of • Focusing on small and practical steps at the beginning to mediation, consulting, development and the Center for International inclusivity. The concluding plenary panel illustrated the interplay demonstrate the benets of a settlement and to create trust and Peace Operations (ZIF). The objective of the initiative is to make of multiple layers of mediation processes and international conict some form of dynamic; the existing knowledge on peace mediation and mediation support resolution efforts in complex conicts like the one in and around accessible to representatives of the Foreign Ofce of the Federal Ukraine. • Enhancing the coherence of and the interplay between different Republic of Germany and key decision-makers. Furthermore, tracks of mediation and the interlinking of mediation activities