CODE SWITCHING USED BY THE CHARACTERS OF JAVA HEAT MOVIE THESIS By Siti Isro’Atun NIM 09320127 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LETTERS DEPARTMENT HUMANITIES FACULTY MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALANG 2014 i CODE SWITCHING USED BY THE CHARACTERS OF JAVA HEAT MOVIE THESIS Presented to Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra (S.S) By: Siti Isro’Atun NIM 0932017 Advisor Drs. H. Djoko Susanto, M.Ed., Ph.D ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LETTERS DEPARTMENT HUMANITIES FACULTY MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALANG 2014 ii STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY I state that the thesis I have written entitled Code Switching Used by the Characters of Java Heat Movie is truly my original work. It does not incorporate with any materials previously written or published by another person, except those indicated in quotation and bibliography. Due to this fact, I am the only person who is responsible for the thesis when there is any objection or claims from others. Malang, 15 June 2014 The Researcher Siti Isro’Atun iii APPROVAL SHEET This is to certify that Siti Isro’Atun’s sarjana’s thesis entitled Code Switching Used by the Characters of Java Heat Movie has been approved by the thesis advisor for further approval by the Board of Examiners. Malang, 15 June 2014 Approved On Behalf of by the advisor Head of English Language and Letters Department, Secretary of English Language and Letters Department Drs. H. Djoko Susanto, M.Ed., Ph.D Dr. Syamsudin, M.Hum NIP 19670529 200003 1 001 NIP 19691122 200604 1 001 The Dean of Faculty of Humanities Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang Dr. Hj. Istiadah, M.A NIP 19670313 199203 2 002 iv LEGITIMATION SHEET This is to certify that the Sarjana’s thesis entitled “Code Switching Used by the Characters of Java Heat Movie” written by Siti Isro’Atun (09320127) has been approved by the Board of Examiners as the requirement for the degree of Sarjana Sastra (S.S) in English Language and Letters Department, Humanities Faculty. The Board of Examiners Signatures 1. Drs. H. Basri, M.A., Ph.D. (Main Examiner) NIP 19681231 199403 1 022 2. Rina Sari, M.Pd (Chair) NIP 197506 10200604 2 002 3. Drs. H. Djoko Susanto, M.Ed., Ph.D (Advisor) NIP 19670529 200003 1 001 Approved by The Dean of Faculty of Humanities Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang Dr. Hj. Istiadah, M.A NIP 19670313 199203 2 002 v MOTTO …يَزْفَعِ الّلَهُ الَذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْوَالَذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِّلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ ۚ …Allah will raise those in ranks who believe from amongst you and who are given knowledge” (QS. Al-Mujaadilah:11) خیزالناس أنفعھم لّلناس (The best person is a person who is useful for the others) Success is a journey, not a destination. (Ben Sweetland) vi DEDICATION This thesis is proudly dedicated to my wonderful father (Nur Sahid) and mother (Katmilah), for giving me your endless love, affection, effort, pray, support, advice, and everything. Without you, I’m nothing. May Allah bless you. Amen. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, praise and thank to Allah SWT who has given His mercies and blessings so that this thesis can be finished. Secondly, Shalawat and Salam are always blessed and poured down upon our beloved prophet Muhammad S.A.W. I realize that my thesis will never get success without any interference from other people. Furthermore, I would like to give my great thanks to those who helped me in completing my thesis. I would like to thank to my advisor, Drs. H. Djoko Susanto M.Ed., Ph.D., who always motivates, encourages, stimulates critical thought, and gives suggestion as well as guides me in finishing the thesis. I great thanks reach to all of my teachers in English Letters and Language Department for being so kind, patient, and generous in introducing and leading me to the world of linguistics and literature, and also valuable knowledge inputs. I thanks to Hamtana, Moza, Irul, and Arif who are also help me till finish my study, give me advice, and also always ask me my academic; I think it is also support to finish my thesis. Special to Hamtana, thanks for guide me in everything patiently. Last but not least, I also would like thanks to my best friends, Ida and Susilowati. Thank you for sharing the thesis’s rule and how to write the thesis before I met my advisor for consultation. Finally I truly realize that this thesis is still far from perfection. Thus, I will always appreciate for the constructive criticisms and suggestions from the readers. Malang, 15 June 2014 The writer viii ABSTRACT Isro’Atun, Siti, 2014. Code Switching Used by the Characters of Java Heat Movie. Thesis. English Language and Letters Department. Faculty of Humanities. Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang. Advisor: Drs. H. Djoko Susanto, M.Ed., Ph.D Key words: Conversation Analysis, Code Switching People always need language to communicate with others. However, one person is not enough to be able to communicate to other people in one language because of different language of the interlocutor. Code switching is used when the speaker uses two or more languages in his/her utterance. Actually, Java Heat is a movie which uses four languages, but the characters switch of their utterances within two languages, those are English and Indonesia. The characters switch their utterances by using two languages and two methods; they switch from English- Indonesian and Indonesian-English. But, the researcher just focuses this research from the characters’ utterances switching from the first language to another language: English-Indonesian. Based on the topic, the researcher chooses to analyze code switching used by the characters of Java Heat movie. This research aimed to find the types and functions of code switching used by the characters of Java Heat movie according to Romaine in Maryono and Poedjosoedarmo (2002: 275) and Bloom & Gumperz in Susanto (2008). The descriptive qualitative method is used in this research because the data collected are the utterances of conversations of the characters of Java Heat movie. This research finds two types and two functions of code switching. The types are: tag switching to insert tag or short expression which is different language in the end of utterance, intra-sentential switching when the speaker changes the different language in a sentence or an utterance. While the function of code switching, there are situational and metaphorical code switching. Situational function of code switching is influenced by topic and participant. A metaphorical function happens because of some reasons from the characters’ utterances of Java Heat movie, those are: to respect, to inform, as interjection, to qualify a massage, and to instruct. The result of this research is useful for the next researchers to investigate the Sociolinguistic, especially in code switching context. Since this research only analyzes types and functions of code switching used by the characters of Java Heat movie, it will be more interesting for the next researchers to analyze other sources, such as novel. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................. i STATEMENT OF THE AUTHENTICITY ................................................ ii APPROVAL SHEET ..................................................................................... iii LEGITIMATION SHEET ............................................................................ iv MOTTO .......................................................................................................... v DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vi AKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................. vii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research Background ............................................. 1 1.2 Problems of the Research ....................................... 4 1.3 Objectives of the Research ..................................... 4 1.4 Significances of the Research ................................. 4 1.5 Scope and Limitation .............................................. 5 1.6 Research Method .................................................... 5 1.6.1 Research Design ........................................... 5 1.6.2 Research Subject........................................... 6 1.6.3 Research Instrument ..................................... 6 1.6.4 Data Sources ................................................. 6 1.6.5 Data Collection ............................................. 7 1.6.6 Data Analysis ................................................ 7 1.7 Definition of the Key Terms ................................... 8 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Sociolinguistic ........................................................ 9 2.2 Bilingualism and Multilingualism .......................... 10 x 2.3 CS ........................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Types of CS .................................................. 13 2.3.1.1 Tag Switching .................................. 13 2.3.1.2 Inter-sentential Switching ................ 15 2.3.1.3 Intra-sentential Switching ................ 16 2.3.2 Functions of CS ...........................................