Personal Protective Equipment: Respirator Usage and Safety During an animal health emergency, exposure to Selecting a Respirator airborne hazards, such as zoonotic disease agents or chemicals, may occur. A number of different Type of hazards respirators are available and when used correctly can Particulate vs. gasses or vapors provide various levels of protection. Identity and concentration of the contaminant Respirators Level of protection provided by respirator Activity of the person wearing the respirator A personal protective device worn on the face. It covers the nose and mouth and is specifically Standards and Regulations designed to provide respiratory protection by forming a tight seal against the wearer’s skin. OSHA -Occupational Safety and Health Administration Respirators vary in their level of protection and 29 Code of Federal Regulations. Part 1910 – efficiency to filter out airborne particles such as dust, Occupational Safety and Health Standards pathogens, gases, or vapors, or chemical splash. Part 1910.134: Respiratory Protection Classification of Respirators http://www.osha.gov NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Air-Purifying Respirators Safety and Health Removes contaminants from the air http://KnowIts.NIOSH.gov Particulate respirators - Particulate Filtering Facepiece (N95s) Proper Use of Respirators - Elastomeric Respirators - Powered Air-Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) Fit-testing “Gas mask” respirators To determine the make, model, and size of respirator that fits; uses qualitative or Air-Supplying Respirators quantitative check Provides clean source of air Video about fit testing - Supplied air respirators (SAR) https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/respiratoryprotect - Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) ion/training_videos.html OSHA Videos on Respirator Types Seal check https://www.osha.gov/video/respiratory_prote To ensure adequate seal is achieved each time ction/resptypes.html the respirator is put on; uses positive and NIOSH Particulate Filter Categories negative pressure checks Video about seal checking Minimum N series R Series P Series http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tzpz5fko-fg Filter Not Somewhat Strongly Training Efficiency resistant resistant resistant Proper donning and doffing to oil to oil to oil Video about training requirements https://www.osha.gov/video/respiratory_prote 95% N95 R95 P95 ction/training.html Medical evaluation 99% N99 R99 P99 Personal health questions and medications Work conditions 100% P100 Video about medical evaluations N100 R100 (99.97%) (~HEPA) https://www.osha.gov/video/respiratory_prote ction/medevaluations.html Just-In-Time training materials can be found at http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Emergency-Response/just-in-time-training.php Source: NIOSH Respirator Awareness: Your Health May Depend On It at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-138/pdfs/2013-138.pdf Exterior Markings of NIOSH-Approved Safe Respirator Usage Filtering Facepiece Respirators (diagram) Do not use a respirator unless formally trained 1. NIOSH TC (Testing and Certification) Approval and fit tested Number. Here the example is TC-84A-xxxx. All Select the correct respirator for the job NIOSH approval numbers begin with the letters TC. Particulate filter will not protect against gases/vapors 2. Brand name, registered trademark, or an easily understood abbreviation Inspect the respirator before each use 3. NIOSH name in block letters or a NIOSH logo Ensure the face seal Shave any facial hair 4. Filter Class (N, P, or R) and Filter Efficiency Level Prevent hair or eyeglasses from interfering (95, 99, or 100) Do not wear contact lenses with a respirator 5. Lot Number - recommended but not required Before Usage 6. Model Number Inspect all parts of the respirator before use Health Effects When Wearing Respirators The facepiece, head straps, valves, tubes, Increased resistance to breathing hoses, and any cartridges, canisters or filters Check parts for pliability or deterioration Reduced endurance Check that batteries are charged Reduced visual field Ensure proper air flow Increased risk for heat stress Decreased voice clarity/loudness Do NOT use the respirator if it is not working properly! Decreased hearing ability Discomfort or irritation Psychological stress Just-In-Time training materials can be found at http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Emergency-Response/just-in-time-training.php During Usage Respirator Storage Immediately leave contaminated area if the Store in accordance with manufacturer’s respirator stops working instructions Immediately leave contaminated area if you feel Check expiration dates nauseous, dizzy or ill, or have difficulty Never use and discard if: breathing Color changes Return to fresh air and remove the respirator Shrinking Never remove a respirator in contaminated Wearing/thinning of material area Stretching Once in a safe area, check if the canister, Cuts/tears/holes cartridge, or filter Replace if user notices an odor, taste, or Additional Resources throat irritation National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Replace any wet, damaged, and grossly (NIOSH) – Respirators contaminated cartridges/canisters http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/respirators/ If using battery operated respirators (PAPRs), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) – Do not work in contaminated conditions Respiratory Protection longer than the battery will last https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/respiratoryprotection/ Check the battery periodically to make sure OSHA Respirator Training Videos enough power is left to finish the job https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/respiratoryprotection/trainin If not, stop and get a fully charged battery g_videos.html#video from a safe area. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – Masks and N95 Respirators If using SCBA respirators, http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedical Only work as long as the air supply will last procedures/generalhospitaldevicesandsupplies/personal Do not try to test the limit protectiveequipment/ucm055977.htm When the air supply is getting low, return to a U.S. Department of Agriculture – Foreign Animal Disease safe area for a full tank Preparedness and Response Plan (FAD PReP) NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment Cleaning http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_ma Follow manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines nagement/downloads/nahems_guidelines/fadprep_nahe ms_guidelines_ppe_final_april2011.pdf Warm water/mild detergent Disinfectant solution Rinse thoroughly Development of this educational material was by the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University through Dry thoroughly funding from the Multi-State Partnership for Security in Agriculture Never soak entire unit in detergent MOU-2014-HSEMD-002. June 2014. Revised July 2014. Do not use solvents Just-In-Time training materials can be found at http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Emergency-Response/just-in-time-training.php .