Name:____________________________________________ Period:_________ Periodic Table Study Guide 2016 Directions: Using your Periodic Table of Elements and your knowledge of periods and groups, answer the following questions. 1. How many periods make up the periodic table? _____________7_____________ 2. How many groups or families make up the periodic table? ______________18____________ 3. Name all the families/groups and their elements of the periodic table. Family/Group Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Transition Rare Earths Boron Family Metals Metals Element Lithium Beryllium Titanium Thorium Boron Element Sodium Magnesium Iron Cerium Aluminum Element Potassium Calcium Copper Europium Gallium Element Rubidium Strontium Nickel Holmium Indium Element Cesium Barium Gold Curium Thallium Element Francium Radium Silver Einsteinium Element Platinum, etc. Nobelium, etc. Family/Group Carbon Family Nitrogen Oxygen Family Halogens Noble Gases Family Element Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Helium Element Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Neon Element Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Argon Element Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Krypton Element Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Xenon Element Radon Element 4. Why do elements in the same family generally have similar properties? The elements in the same family/group have a similar number of valence electrons, the identical number of electrons in their outermost shell and tend to react the same way with other substances. List three properties of the following. 5.Alkali Metals 6. Alkaline Earth 7.Transition Metals 8.Boron Family 9. Carbon Family Metals 10. Nitrogen Family 11.Oxygen Family 12.Halogens 13.Noble Gases 14. Rare Earth Name the element that resides here: 15. Group eighteen (18) – Period five (5) __________Xenon______________ 16. Group one (1) – Period one (1) _________Hydrogen_______________ 17. Period three (3) – Group sixteen (16) ___________Sulfur_____________ 18. Period seven (7) – Group two (2) __________Radium______________ Periodic Trends: Describe in complete sentences. 19. What trend in atomic mass do you see as you go down a group/family? Atomic mass increases as you go down a group or family. 20. What trend in atomic mass do you see as you go across a period/row? Atomic mass increases as you go across a period or a row. 21. What trend in density do you see as you go down a group/family? Density increases as you go down a group or family. 22. What trend in density do you see as you go across a period/row? Density increases outward in as you go across a period or a row. 23. What trend in boiling point/melting point do you see as you go down a group/family? Boiling points and melting points decreases as you go down a group or a family. 24. What trend in boiling point/melting do you see as you go across a period/row? Boiling points and melting points increase as you go across a period or a row. 25. What trend in electron shells/energy levels do you see as you go across a period/row? The number of electron shells or energy levels are the same number as the period they are in, for example, all elements in the second period have 2 energy levels or electron shells. List all the elements and at least three characteristics in the following categories, excluding the Transition Metals (Groups 3-12). 26. Metals 27. Metalloids 28. Non-Metals Conduct heat and electricity Solids Brittle, Hard or Soft Shiny Part Metal/Part Non-Metal No Luster Malleable and Ductile Malleable and Ductile Poor Conductor of Electricity Alkali Metals Boron, Silicon. Arsenic Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen Alkaline Earth Metals Germanium, Antimony Phosphorus, Sulfur, Selenium Transition Metals Tellurium, Polonium Halogens, Noble Gases, Rare Earth Metals Hydrogen Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, Tin, Thorium, Lead and Bismuth Answer the following in complete sentences. 29. How was the first Periodic Table organized? It was arranged the elements in a “periodic way”, he arranges them so that the groups with similar properties are in vertical columns of the table. 30. What two scientists helped to develop the Periodic Table? What did each scientist contribute? Dmitri Mendeleev: He arranged the first periodic table by similar properties. Henry Moseley: he finds a link to atomic number and the way the families are arranged. 31. What do the Lewis Dot Structures show? The Lewis Dot Structure show the valence electrons of each element. 32. What do the Bohr Models show? The Bohr model shows how the electrons are placed in each energy level or shell around the nucleus. 33. What is a valence electron? The outermost electron of an element. 34. Which of the following pairs would most-likely have similar physical properties and chemical properties? Explain your answer. a. Lithium and Selenium b. Vanadium and Radon c. Sodium and Potassium Sodium and potassium share similar physical and chemical properties because they are in the same family or group called Alkali metals. Both will have the same valence electrons and they are both very reactive. Create Lewis Dot Structures for the following elements. (Remember order and valance electrons) 35. Magnesium (Mg) 36. Chlorine (Cl) 37. Gallium (Ga) 38. Boron (B) Bohr Models: For each element, write down the number of protons, neutrons and electrons. Fill the number of protons and neutrons into the nucleus, then color the correct number of electrons for each orbit. 39.Chlorine P:17 N:18 E:17 `40.Bromine P:35 N: 45 E:35 41.Iodine P: 53 N: 74 E: 53 42.Argon P:18 N:22 E: 18 43.Magnesium P:12 N:12 E:12 44.Calcium P:20 N:20 E:20 45.Lithium P:3 N:4 E:3 46.Sulfur P:16 N:16 E:16 47.Neon P:10 N:10 E: 10 .