Environmental Sustainability through Soil Conservation —Editors— Juan Carlos Loaiza Úsuga Adriana María Quinchía Figueroa Laura Osorno Bedoya Ildefonso Pla Sentís Samir A. El-Swaify Libro ISCO.indd 3 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. Loaiza-Úsuga, Juan Carlos; Quinchia-Figueroa, Adriana María; Osorno-Bedoya, Laura; Pla Sentís, Ildefonso y El-Swaify, Samir A. (Editores) Environmental Sustainability through Soil Conservation. Envigado: Fondo Editorial EIA, c2015. 214p; 17 x 24 cm. - (Colección I+D+i / Serie Pachamama 2015) ISBN 978-958-57973-0-7 1. CONSERVACIÓN DE SUELOS. 2. MEDIO AMBIENTE. 3. SOSTENIBILIDAD. I. Loaiza-Úsuga, Juan Carlos II. Quinchía-Figueroa, Adriana María III Osorno-Bedoya, Laura IV. Pla Sentís, Ildefonso V. El-Swaify, Samir A. 333.731 / SCDD 22 ed. CEP - Biblioteca Alberto Quevedo Díaz Environmental Sustainability through Soil Conservation Juan Carlos Loaiza Adriana María Quinchia-Figueroa Laura Osorno Bedoya Ildefonso Pla Sentís Samir A. El-Swaify 1a. edición: 2015 ISBN 978-958-57973-0-7 Todos los derechos reservados. Queda hecho el depósito que ordena la ley. © Varios autores © Catalina Calle Arango © Fondo Editorial EIA Dirección editorial: Marcela Restrepo Bernal Diseño de carátula: Catalina Calle Arango Diagramación: Fondo Editorial EIA Impresión y acabados en Colombia en: Xpress Estudio Gráfico Digital Fondo editorial EIA, Universidad EIA Sede de Las Palmas: Km 2 + 200 Vía al Aeropuerto José María Córdova Envigado, Colombia. Código Postal: 055428 Tel: (574) 354 90 90. Fax: (574) 386 11 60 www.eia.edu.co Libro ISCO.indd 4 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. Contents SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ......................................................... 9 PREFACIO .................................................................................... 13 PREFACE........................................................................................ 19 INTRODUCTION Samir A. El-Swaify .............................................................. 25 CHAPTER 1 EFFECTS OF VEGETATION MANAGEMENT AND RELATED PRACTICES ON SLOPE STABILITY Roy C. Sidle .......................................................................... 27 CHAPTER 2 PROGRESS AND SET BACKS IN SOIL CONSERVATION RE- SEARCH: CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE Ildefonso Pla Sentís .............................................................. 43 CHAPTER 3 QUANTIFICATION AND SIMULATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN A MEDITERRANEAN FOREST CATCHMENT Juan Carlos Loaiza Usuga, Rosa Maria Poch, Valentijn R. N. Pauwels ........................................................ 67 * 5 Libro ISCO.indd 5 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. CHAPTER 4 THE STREAMPOWER CONCEPT FOR ASSESSING THE SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION AND RUNOFF UNDER SIMULATED RAINFALL D. Gabriels, K. Verbist, J. Vermang, D. Lobo ...................... 89 CHAPTER 5 CONSERVATION PRACTICES ARE ESSENTIAL LAND MANAGE- MENT STRATEGIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION Jorge A. Delgado .................................................................. 97 CHAPTER 6 NEW METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES OF SHRINKING SOILS Uwe Schindler ...................................................................... 109 CHAPTER 7 WATER FLOW EVALUATIONS IN WATERSHEDS WITH NATIVE EVERGREEN FORESTS AND EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS BY MEANS OF STABLE ISOTOPES IN THE SOUTH OF CHILE C.E. Oyarzún, P. Hervé-Fernández, N.E.C Verhoest, P. Boeckx .............................................................................. 119 CHAPTER 8 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION AS A KEY ELEMENT OF LAND USE PLANNING S. A. ElSwaify ....................................................................... 125 CHAPTER 9 EFFECT OF CHANGES IN LAND USE AND MANAGEMENT ON WATER AND SEDIMENT YIELDS IN THE PAYA RIVER WATER- SHED, VENEZUELA D. Lobo L., L. López P., E. O. Silva, E., D. Gabriels ........... 141 * 6 Libro ISCO.indd 6 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. CHAPTER 10 WATER EROSION MECHANISMS IN ANDOSOILS AND VOLCANIC ARIDISOLS (CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN) A. Rodríguez Rodríguez, C.D. Arbelo, J.A Guerra .............. 149 CHAPTER 11 SOIL CONSERVATION IN A SEMI-ARID BASIN, SAN LUIS POTOSÍ, MÉXICO C. Loredo-Osti, S. Beltrán-López, J. Duéñez-Alanís, J.L. Lara-Mireles ......................................................................... 157 CHAPTER 12 ADDRESSING SOIL EROSION IN THE MATTOLE WATERSHED P.E. Joel Monschke ............................................................... 165 CHAPTER 13 RESTORATION OF DEGRADED CATCHMENTS BY APPLYING BIO- ENGINEERING WORKS IN ACTIVE GULLIES P. Borja, V. Vanacker, D. Alvarado, G. Govers ..................... 173 CHAPTER 14 EUROPEAN POLICES FOR SOIL PROTECTION, LAND USE AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION José Luis Rubio .................................................................... 187 CHAPTER 15 RE-DISCOVERING OUR VALUES; HOPE FOR THE FUTURE Richard W. Arnold ................................................................ 199 * 7 Libro ISCO.indd 7 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. * 8 Libro ISCO.indd 8 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. * ISCO and the Global Conservation Movement Scientific Committee Ildefonso Pla Sentis ISCO Board of Directors. Universitat de Lleida (Lleida, Spain) / [email protected] Winfried E. H. Blum University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (Vienna, Austria) / [email protected] Jose Luis Rubio ISCO Board of Directors. CSIC- Universidad de Valencia (Valencia, Spain) / [email protected] Mohamed Sabir ISCO Board of Directors. (Marrakech, Morocco) / [email protected] Antonio Rodríguez Universidad de La Laguna (La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain) / [email protected] Carmelo Dazzi President of ESSC (Palermo, Italy) / [email protected] Eric Roose ISCO Board of Directors. IRD (Montpellier, France) / [email protected] Julian Dumansky Consultant World Bank on Sustainable Land Management (Otawa, Canada) / [email protected] Jaume Porta Casanellas President of SECS. Universitat de Lleida (Lleida, Spain) / [email protected] * 9 Libro ISCO.indd 9 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. * Environmental Sustainability through Soil Conservation Samir A. El-Swaify ISCO Board of Directors. University of Hawaii (Honolulu, USA) / [email protected] Donald Gabriels ISCO Board of Directors. University of Ghent (Ghent, Belgium) / [email protected] Michael. A. Fullen Vice-President of ESSC. University of Wolverhempton (Wolverhempton, UK) / [email protected] Miodrag Zlatic Past-President of WASWC. University of Belgrade (Belgrade, Servia) / [email protected] Erick Zagal ISCO Board of Directors. Universidad de Concepcion (Chillan, Chile) / [email protected] Li Rui President of WASWAC. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation. (Yangling, Shaanxi, China) / [email protected] Ian Hannam ISCO Board of Directors. International Environmental Law and Policy Specialist, (Newport, Australia) / [email protected] Bill Boyer President SWCS. (Ankeny IA, USA) / [email protected] Roberto Casas ISCO Board of Directors. Director del CIRN-INTA. (Buenos Aires, Argentina) / [email protected] Marc Nearing ISCO Board of Directors. USDA-ARS (Tucson, USA) / [email protected] Adam Kertesz ISCO Board of Directors. Geographical Research Institute. (Budapest, Hungary) / [email protected] Maurice G. Cook ISCO Board of Directors. North Carolina State University. (Raleigh, USA) / [email protected] Michael J. Grundy ISCO Board of Directors, CSIRO (Brisbane, Australia) / [email protected] * 10 Libro ISCO.indd 10 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. * ISCO and the Global Conservation Movement Dick Arnold Former Director USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (Washington, DC.USA) / [email protected] Walter Osorio Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Medellín, Colombia) / [email protected] Edgar Madero Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Palmira, Colombia) / [email protected] Yolanda Rubiano Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia) / [email protected] Juan Carlos Loaiza Usuga Universidad Nacional de Colombia- Medellín (Colombia) / [email protected], [email protected] Jaime Bernal Riobo Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias del Suelo (SCCS) – CORPOICA. (Colombia) / [email protected] Carmen Soledad Morales Universidad de Caldas – Manizales (Colombia) / [email protected] Samuel Guerrero CORPOICA (Colombia) / [email protected] Ryszard Mazurek Department of Soil Science and Agriculture, University of Krakow (Poland) / [email protected] Adriana Maria Quinchia Figueroa Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia (Colombia) / [email protected] Laura Osorno Bedoya Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Colombia) / [email protected] * 11 Libro ISCO.indd 11 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. Libro ISCO.indd 12 11/04/16 10:23 a.m. * ISCO and the Global Conservation Movement Prefacio o hay duda que los recursos suelo y agua son esenciales para la su- Nplencia actual y futura de los alimentos requeridos por la creciente población humana a nivel mundial y para la preservación del medio ambiente en general. Para ello es indispensable que dichos recursos no sean negativa- mente afectados por problemas de degradación de tierras, derivados princi- palmente de prácticas de uso y manejo no adecuados y de posibles cambios climáticos a nivel global. Por otro lado, los suelos y su manejo son un factor fundamental en el control de la emisión y captura de los gases con efecto invernadero, que pueden ser determinantes de alteraciones en el clima. De las interacciones entre el clima y los recursos suelo y agua se derivan además muchos de los procesos conducentes a grandes desastres naturales (desliza- mientos de tierra, inundaciones, sedimentaciones, sequías), que afectan di- recta e indirectamente a la población y al medio ambiente.