Your Attitude Determines Your Altitude Superstars of Space Flight 1 2 3 7 5 6 8 4 11 10 12 9 14 15 13 1. Bernard Harris, Jr. (M.D.) 10. Kathryn Sullivan (Ph.D.) 2. Eileen Collins (Lt. Colonel, USAF) 11. Guion Bluford, Jr. (Colonel, USAF) 3. Norman E. Thagard (M.D.) 12. Neil Armstrong 4. Sid Gutierrez (Colonel, USAF) 13. Alan B. Shepard, Jr. (Rear Admiral, USN, Ret.) 5. Mae Jemison (M.D.) 14. Sally Ride (Ph.D.) 6. Franklin Chang-Díaz (Ph.D.) 15. Edward White II (Lt. Colonel, USAF) 7. Ellen Ochoa (Ph.D.) 8. Frederick Gregory (Colonel, USAF) 9. Ellison Onizuka (Lt. Colonel, USAF) Your Attitude Determines Your Altitude Poster Highlights The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is Two of the astronauts feat u r ed on this poster (Edwar d White and composed of a diverse group of men and women at NASA Ellison Onizuka) died while perfor ming spaceflight activities to Headquarters and the Agency’s ten field installations around the expand our understanding of the univers e . Their res p e c t i ve fam i l y country. NASA, however, does not accomplish its mission alone, me m b e r s have provided inform a tion that enhanced the devel o p - but in partnership with large and small contractors, members of ment of this poster. Ad ditional inform a tion about the missions the academic community, other Federal, State, and local agen- flo wn by the astronauts repr esented on this poster, the NAS A cies, and other space agencies from nations around the globe. St r ate gic Plan, and other activities about the A ge n cy can be Together, these entities form a comprehensive, highly skilled accessed on the Internet at the fol l o wing Wor ld Wide Web sites: team that is dedicated to providing high-quality, technologically superior products and services to its customers. NASA’s highly http://www.nasa.gov skilled workforce, including scientists, engineers, technicians, http://shuttle.nasa.gov and administrative and support professionals, and its world-class http://spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov facilities represent the backbone of the Nation’s civil research and http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/ development capabilities in aeronautics and space. About the Artist The outcomes of NASA’s activities contribute significantly to the Al e xander Bostic, an Af ri c a n - A m e r ican arti s t , rec e i ved a bache l o r ’ s achievement of the Nation’s science and technology goals and de gree in fine arts and illustration from Pratt Institute in Broo k ly n , priorities. An essential outcome is Educational Excellence, which Ne w Yor k. He has been a prof essional illustrator for 18 yea r s. He states: We involve the educational community in our endeavors to cu r ren t l y is an assistant prof essor at the Vir ginia Commonwea l t h inspire America’s students, create learning opportunities, and Un i ver sity School of the Ar ts in Richm o n d ,Vir gin i a . enlighten inquisitive minds. About the Classroom This is the second in a series of posters designed to encourage The classroom scene is a composite of students from Jefferson and inspire students and teach e rs to consider the ex p a n d e d Junior High School, which is located in southwest Washington, o p p o rtunities that await those who prep a re themselves educa- D.C. The students and their career goals are as fo l l ow s : t i o n a l ly as they pursue their dreams. As you rev i ew the brief bio- C h ristopher A cke rman (seventh gra d e ) , computer analy s t ; graphical info rm at i o n , it will be clear that the dive rsity of R i ch a rd Deheart (ninth gra d e ) , robotics engineer; Pri s c i l l a NA S A’s astronaut crews has fo s t e red the A ge n cy ’s pre e m i n e n c e Sanjines (seventh grade), pediatrician; Wei Tam (seventh grade), in human endeavo rs in space. doctor; Melinda Turner (seventh grade), pediatric surgeon; and Charise Willis (seventh grade), teacher. The astronauts highlighted on this poster wer e selected for the unique accomplishments and leadership they brought to the Nati o n ’ s human NASA Headquarters has a close working relationship with the sp a c e f light endeavor s. The contrib utions of these astronauts repr e- staff and students of this school. sent the theme of this poster serie s — “ Y our Attitude Determines You r Altitude”—a message to students and teache r s of all ethnic orig ins. B A C E F D A. Priscilla Sanjines D. Charise Willis B. Richard Deheart E. Melinda Turner C. Wei Tam F. Christopher Ackerman Your Attitude Determines Your Altitude Space Vehicles Th i rty ye a rs after the Merc u ry astronauts made their The history of space flight has not only seen an increase b rief fo rays into the new ocean of space, E a rth orbit has in the numbers of people traveling into orbit, but a marked become a busy arena of human activ i t y. In that time, n e a rly 300 improvement in the vehicles. Each successive spacecraft, from people have traveled into orbit on U. S. spacecraft. The fi rs t Mercury through Apollo and the Space Shuttle, has been larger, a s t ronauts went alone, s t u ffed into capsules bare ly large more comfortable, more capable. Scientists working inside the enough for their bodies, e ating squeeze-tube food and peeri n g Shuttle’s Spacelab have many of the comforts of a laboratory on out at the Earth through tiny portholes. Their flights lasted only Earth, none of which were possible 30 years ago. a matter of hours. To d ay, we ro u t i n e ly launch seven people at a Below are several of the prominent space vehicles uti- time to spend a week liv i n g, wo rk i n g, and ex p l o ring on board lized by NASA. the Space Shuttle. 1961–63 1965–66 1967–72 Project Mercury Project Gemini Project Apollo Number of People Flown: 6 Number of People Flown:20 Number of People Flown:33 Highlight: Carried the first American in Highlight: First orbital rendezvous and H i g h l i g h t :C a rried fir st humans to leave Earth space; first American in orbit docking; first U.S. spacewalk orbit; fir st human landing on the Moon 1973–74 1975 1981–Present Skylab Apollo-Soyuz Test Project Space Shuttle Number of People Flown: 9 Number of People Flown: 5 Number of People Flow n :4 3 2 Highlight: Longest-duration space flights in Total Time in Space:9 days (as of Apr il 1996) U.S. history Hi g h l i g h t : Fir st interna tional space mission Hi g h l i g h t : Fir st reu s a ble spacecraf t 1995 Future Mir-Shuttle Docking International Space Station Mo o n / M a r s Highlight: On June 29, 1995, the Space Artist Concept Artist Concept Shuttle Atlantis made history when it docked Assembly Complete:2002 We seek sustained human presence in the with the Russian Mir space station. The Number of Crew:6 permanent members Solar System. Preceding human exp l o r ati o n , STS-71 mission marked the first time a U.S. Hi g h l i g h t : Fir st global partn e r ship mission robotic exp l o re r s will map the Moon, Ma rs , spacecraft linked up in orbit with another for an orbiting science platfo r m; capa ble of and asteroids. Human exp l o r ation will res t s p a c e c raft since the Ap o l l o - S oyuz Te s t p e r fo rming long-duration re s e a rch in upon a fou n d a tion of great l y increased com- Project. mi c r ogravity and life sciences in a nearly me r cial development of space, made possible gravi t y - f r ee envi r onment. Curren t l y de s i g n e d by easier access and new market s . for a 15-year mission. Your Attitude Determines Your Altitude Biographies Neil Armstrong Eileen Marie Collins A rm s t rong was born in Au g l a i ze (Lt. Colonel, USAF) County, Ohio. He received a bachelor Lt. Colonel Collins was born in of science degree in aeronautical engi- E l m i ra , N ew Yo rk. She re c e ived a n e e ring from Purdue Unive rsity in bachelor of arts degree in mathematics 1955 and a master of science in aero- and economics from Syra c u s e space engineering from the University University in 1978, a master of science of Southern California in 1970. Armstrong was backup command in operations research from Stanford in 1986, and a master of arts pilot for Gemini 5, command pilot for Gemini 8, backup com- in space systems management from Webster University in 1989. mand for Gemini 11 and Apollo 8, and commander for Apollo 11.