DTMDTM Report NIGERIA Round 31 (15 January - 15 Febuary 2020) DTM DISPLACEMENT REPORT 31 Nigeria FEBRUARY 2020 1 DTM Report Round 31 (15 January - 15 Febuary 2020) CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Background 3 Overview: DTM Round 31 Assessments 4 1.BASELINE ASSESSMENT OF DISPLACEMENT 6 1A: PROFILE OF DISPLACEMENT IN NORTHEAST NIGERIA 8 1B: DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 8 1C: REASONS FOR DISPLACEMENT 8 1D: YEAR OF DISPLACEMENT 8 1E: MOBILITY 8 1F: ORIGIN OF DISPLACED POPULATIONS 9 1G: SETTLEMENT TYPE OF THE DISPLACED POPULATIONS 9 1H: UNMET NEEDS IN IDP SETTLEMENTS 9 2. SITE ASSESSMENTS AND SECTORAL NEEDS 10 2A: LOCATION AND NUMBER OF IDPs 10 2B: SETTLEMENT CLASSIFICATION 11 2C: SECTOR ANALYSIS 12 3. RETURNEES 16 3A: YEAR OF DISPLACEMENT FOR RETURNEES 16 3B: REASONS FOR INITIAL DISPLACEMENT OF RETURNEES 17 3C: SHELTER CONDITIONS FOR RETURNEES 17 3D: HEALTH FACILITIES FOR RETURNEES 17 3E: EDUCATION FACILITIES FOR RETURNEES 17 3F: MARKET FACILITIES FOR RETURNEES 17 3G: PROFILE OF ASSISTANCE FOR RETURNEES 18 3H: WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE FACILITIES FOR RETURNEES 18 3I: LIVELIHOOD FACILITIES FOR RETURNEES 18 4. METHODOLOGY 19 Tools for IDPs 19 Tools for Returnees 19 2 DTM Report Round 31 (15 January - 15 Febuary 2020) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report of the Round 31 Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) assessment by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) aims to improve the understanding about the scope of internal displacements, returns and the needs of affected populations in conflict-affected states of north- eastern Nigeria. The report covers the period 15th January to 15th February 2020 and reflects trends from the six most affected north-eastern states of Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe. For Round 31, 2,046,604 or 420,072 households were recorded as displaced, an increase of 7,512 persons against the last assessment conducted in December 2019 when 2,039,092 internally displaced persons (IDPs) were identified. Also, a total of 1,673,862 returnees were recorded in the DTM Round 31 assessment, an increment of 62,186 or 4 per cent from the 1,611,676 persons that were identified as returnees in the last round of assessment that was conducted in December 2019. The increase in number of IDPs indicates a continued plateauing in numbers of displaced persons in the region over the last couple of rounds. As per the Round 29 assessment that was published in November 2019, 2,035,232 IDPs were recorded. A similar trend was observed in previous rounds of assessment since August 2019. The number of displaced persons in the region is now well above the number recorded in Round 25 (2,026,602), which was conducted before escalating violence was observed in October 2018 even though accessibility remains lower. During Round 25, a higher number of Local Government Areas (LGAs or districts) and wards were accessible. Given that the numbers of IDPs is increasing slowly although accessibility remains low, it can be inferred that the actual displacement figures could be much higher. To gain insights into the profiles of IDPs, interviews were conducted with 4 per cent of the identified IDP population — 86,268 displaced persons — during this round of assessments. The information collated and analysed in this report includes the reasons for displacement, places of origin and shelter types, mobility patterns, and unfulfilled needs of the displaced populations. Additionally, site assessments were conducted in 2,372 locations (down from 2,375 in the last round of assessment, conducted in December 2019). The purpose was to better understand the gaps in services provided and the needs of the affected population. These sites included 290 (down from 293 in the last round of assessment) camps and camp-like settings and 2,082 locations (no change since the last assessment) where IDPs were residing with host communities. Site assessments included an analysis of sector-wide needs, including shelter and non-food items, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), food and nutrition, health, education, livelihood, security, communication and protection. Lastly, this report includes analyses of the increasing number of returnees, profiles of their initial displacement, shelter conditions of returnees, and health, education, livelihood, market, assistance and WASH facilities available to the returnees. Notably, as that the north-eastern State of Borno is the most affected by conflict-related displacements, this report specifically emphasizes the related analysis and data. BACKGROUND The escalation of violence between all parties in north-eastern Nigeria in 2014 resulted in mass displacement and deprivation. To better understand the scope of displacement and assess the needs of affected populations, IOM began implementing its Displacement Tracking Matrix programme in September 2014, in collaboration with the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and relevant State Emergency Management Agencies (SEMAs). The main objective of initiating the DTM programme is to provide support to the Government and humanitarian partners by establishing a comprehensive system to collect, analyse and disseminate data on IDPs and returnees for ensuring effective assistance to the affected population. In each round of assessment, staff from IOM, NEMA, SEMAs and the Nigerian Red Cross Society collate data in the field, including baseline information at Local Government Area and ward-levels, by carrying out detailed assessments in displacement sites, such as camps and collective centers, as well as in sites were communities were hosting IDPs at the time of the assessment. 3 DTM Report Round 31 (15 January - 15 Febuary 2020) OVERVIEW: DTM ROUND 31 ASSESSMENTS DTM Round 31 assessments were carried out from 15 January The marked decrease in accessibility can be gauged from the to 15 February 2020 in 106 LGAs (no change from the last fact that 110 LGAs with 807 wards were accessible during round of assessment) in 790 wards (no change) in the conflict- Round 25 and only two LGAs were inaccessible namely: Abadam affected northeastern Nigerian states of Adamawa, Bauchi, and Marte. But in Round 26, 13 wards were inaccessible and Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe. As per the assessments, populous LGAs like Guzamala, Kukawa and Kala/Balge in the 2,046,604 individuals or 420,072 households were recorded most-affected State of Borno were no longer accessible. as displaced, an increase of 7,512 persons against the last Likewise, in Round 28 only 107 LGAs were accessible while assessment conducted in December 2019 when 2,039,092 Guzamala, Kukawa, and Nganzai LGAs and 12 wards were internally displaced persons (IDPs) were identified. inaccessible. Inaccessibility continued during Round 29 with The figure indicates a continued plateauing in numbers 794 wards accessible. of displaced persons in the region over the last couple of In the last two rounds (Round 30 and 31), inaccessibility rounds. As per the Round 29 assessment that was published was lower than that in Round 29. Overall 790 wards were in November 2019, 2,035,232 IDPs were recorded. A similar assessable in the last two rounds. A decrease of one ward in trend was observed in previous rounds of assessment since Geidam LGA in Yobe was made up by an increase in Guyuk LGA August 2019. in Adamawa, leaving the overall number unchanged since last The total number of IDPs recorded is now at par with the round of assessment that was conducted in December 2019. 2,026,602 IDPs that were recorded in Round 25, which was Gubio, Guzamala, Kukawa, Marte and Nganzai LGAs remained carried out before the escalation of violence in October 2018, inaccessible. and during which the number of accessible LGAs was much Before the recent deterioration in overall security situation, the higher (110). This plateauing cannot be interpreted as a calm in number of wards that DTM was assessing had been steadily security situation as there is an increase in the number of LGAs going up over the months. From 797 wards assessed in June and wards that are inaccessible. Accessibility continued to be 2018, a high of 807 wards were assessed in Round 29 that low in Round 31 in-keeping with the decreasing trend over the was published in November 2019. last seven rounds of DTM assessments. The high numbers in spite of limited accessibility are in fact an indication that Also, the number of sites assessed by DTM enumerators in mobility of IDPs has gone up and the situation continues to be DTM Round 31 assessment marginally decreased to 2,372 fluid and unpredictable. from 2,375 locations. Chad Niger Abadam Yusufari LakeLake Chad Chad Machina Yunusari Mobbar Karasuwa Nguru Guzamala Kukawa Bade Katsina Bursari Gubio Bade Geidam Nganzai Monguno Jakusko Marte Jigawa Yobe Ngala Magumeri Tarmua Zaki Gamawa Mafa Kala/Balge Jere Borno Dikwa Itas/Gadau Nangere Fune Maiduguri Jama'are Potiskum Damaturu Kaga Kano Katagum Damban Konduga Bama Shira Misau Fika Giade Gujba Darazo Gwoza Warji Nafada Damboa Ningi Gulani Chibok Ganjuwa Dukku Biu Madagali Funakaye Askira/Uba Michika Toro Kwami Kirfi Kwaya Kusar Hawul Gombe Mubi North Kaduna Bauchi Bayo Gombe Hong Shani Cameroon Bauchi Yamaltu/Deba Gombi Mubi South Akko Dass Alkaleri Shelleng Maiha Tafawa-Balewa Billiri Kaltungo Balanga Song Guyuk Bogoro Shomgom Lamurde Demsa Girei Numan Adamawa Karim-Lamido Yola North Lau Plateau Yola South Fufore Mayo-Belwa Jalingo Yorro Zing ± Ardo-Kola Jada Gassol Ganye Nasarawa Ibi Bali Wukari Taraba Toungo Donga Gashaka Takum Benue Kurmi DTM Accessibility Ussa Accessible Partially accessible Sardauna Hard to reach