International Association for the Conservation of Animal Breeds in the Danubian Region Annual Meetings, 12-14- June 2008, Kozard, Hungary Preservation and use of farm animal genetic resources in Croatia Caput P., Ivanković A. Introduction z Protection of the autochthonous breeds (6 species) have got the permanent character z Today is focus on: a) genetic characterization purpose of reliable inventarisartion national autochthonous breeds b) program of commercial use aim of integral benefits these breeds. z very small population are acquainted with the problem in establishing of efficient programs of economic use Inventarisation (25 breeds, 2008) Cattle : Horse: Istrian cattle Posavina horse Slavonian-syrmian Podolian cattle Croatian Coldblood Busha Murinsulaner horse Sheep: Lipica horse Cres Island sheep Donkey: Dalmatain Pramenka Littoral Dinaric donkey Dubrovacka Ruda sheep Northern Adriatic donkey Istrian sheep Istrian donkey Krk Island sheep Pig: Lika Pramenka Black Slvonian pig Pag Island sheep Turopolje pig Rab Island sheep Polutry: Cigaja Zagorje turkey Goat: Croatian hen Croatian White goat Croatian Spotted goat AUTOCHTHONOUS CATTLE BREEDS z autochthonous cattle breeds involved the program of protection in the beginning nineties of XX. centuries, except Busha whose protection approach few years ago Istarsko govedo Slavonsko srijemski podolac Buša 400 a l 350 gr h 300 ani j l a 250 no v 200 goj uz h i 150 l s a r 100 uz oj r 50 B 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Godina Istrian cattle z one of first protection programs of autochthonous breeds z in situ protection program z collected and deposited sperms and embryo z several tens of disposable cows (110 cows) grow on several hundred reproductive available animals (430 cows) z finished genetic and morphometric inventory z own breeding program z starts the program economic use of Istrian cattle through production of ''meat from Istrian cattle'' which includes all subjects in the production chain (breeder - consumer). Slavonian Syrmian Podolian cattle z last years observes establishing new herds z worth mentioning establish the herd in the Nature park ''Lonjsko field'' z it is necessary will address the larger attention on the management of genetic structure (the raising in the relation). z increase interest for breeding Slavonian Syrmian Podolian cattle Busha z before five years are included into protection program, z collected the initial genetic material, z deposited sperms more bull, z we observe positive trend and interest of breeders for this breed, z necessary is establish active cooperations with neighbouring countries on exchanges the experience (eventually genetic material) z programs of the economic activation - can start operating when sizes and structures of population grow enough AUTOCHTHONOUS SHEEP BREEDS z mostly in production competitive z sheep production bases just on them. z Pag Island sheep, Dalmatian Pramenka, Lika pramenka, Istrian Sheep, Cres Island sheep, Dubrovacka Ruda sheep, Rab Island sheep, Cigaja in the economic function (milk, cheese, meat), z exterior, genetic and production traits has been determined z endangered autochthonous sheep breeds is Dubrovacka Ruda sheep (300 heads) Istarska ovca Creska ovca Paška ovca Lička pramenka Dubrovačka ruda Dalmatinska pramenka 100,0 Rapska ovca Cigaja 100 4 90,4 5000 90 88, 4500 80 70 4000 60 u 3500 50 (%) nik 40 is 3000 30 up 2500 20 16,6 12,2 la u 8,1 2000 10 5,0 gr 1,4 oj r 1500 - B a a a a a j c k d k a v u 1000 g en r o en ovca ovca ovca Ci a m m ka k a a č s ska ška 500 ska r a e a p pr r ta a P a pr a ov C Is R k 0 k s č n ubr i Li 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 D at m l a Godina D AUTOCHTHONOUS GOAT BREEDS CROATIAN WHITE GOAT CROATIAN SPOTTED GOAT z economically are active z Croatian Spotted goats are under the selection control z Croatian White goats entry of selection control z not in the group of the endangered autochthonous breeds AUTOCHTHONOUS HORSE BREEDS Posavina horse 2000 a l r g h i n a j l a 1500 v o n j go ih uz l s 1000 a r uz oj r B 500 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Godina Croatian Coldblood a l gr 2000 h ani j l a no v 1500 goj uz h i l s a r 1000 uz oj r B 500 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Godina Broj uzraslih uzgojno valjanih grla Murinsulaner 20 40 60 0 1 999 2 000 20 01 horse 2 002 Go d i n a 2 003 2004 2 005 2 006 Lipican horse 500 a l 450 h gr ani j l a 400 no v goj 350 uz h i l s 300 a r uz oj r 250 B 200 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Godina AUTOCHTHONOUS DONKEY BREEDS z three autochthonous donkey breeds (Littoral-dinaric donkey, North-adriatic donkey and Istrian donkey). z Littoral-dinaric donkey - most numerous z North-adriatic donkey and Istrian donkey are in group critically endangered breeds z in situ programs (the registration, monitoring and incentives). z poorly reproductively situation z in 2007 year of 734 female ass - 145 newborn offspring (HSC, 2008). AUTOCHTHONOUS PIG BREEDS Black Slavonian pig Turopolje pig z in situ programme z established breeding associations z protections of Turopolje pig respects and practices the traditional method of pasture z necessary economic breed affirmations - establishment more of nucleus herd z Black Slavonian pig is active in programs of economic use (Kulen) Crna Slavonska Turopoljska svinja 700 la r 600 g h i n lja 500 a v o 400 jn o g z u 300 lih s a 200 r z u j o r 100 B 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Godina AUTOCHTHONOUS POLUTRY BREEDS z Zagorje turkey z Croatian hen z Croatian hen is in the starting phase of establishment of base flocks z population of Zagorje turkey is more stable z designed programs of economic use Characterisation z Exterior, z Production, z Genetic: z Blood and milk protein polymorphisms, z Blood-groups, z DNA. ‘Gen Bank’ z Initial activities, z Status z Public interest, z Government z Locations – CAI (4) z Content z priorities z Management – constant monitoring z Coordination authority (HSC) THE ECONOMIC UTILISATION z Pag Island sheep – ‘Pag sheep cheese’ z Lika or Dalmatian Pramenka – production of lamb meat z Istrian, Cres or Rab Island sheep – mediterranean lamb meat and milk (cheese) z Black Slavonian pig – original ‘kulen’ z Posavina horse – special meat products z Ass milk – nutritive and therapeutic values – foal sausage z Istrian cattle – meat of Istrian cattle z Zagorje turkey – turkey meat SIGN OF PRODUCT PROTECTION z Procedures of certification of products z Geographical area z (Protected Geographical Indication) z Origin z (Protected Designation of Origin) Ecological and cultural, social and historical values, ancient less productive breeds z maintaining the habitat – landscape z integral part of rural development z in program of traditional and cultural manifestations z in tourist programs Breeders associations z Stimulate connecting the breeder trough breeder associations z Breeders – active contribution in realization of conservative programs z Exchange experience and genetic material International cooperation z Croatia have more transboundary breeds (Murinsulaner horse, Slavonia-syrmian Podolian cattle, Istrian sheep, …) z needy international projects CONCLUSIONS z Croatia takes care about genetic heritage z were animated the wider audience about the disappearance of authentic genotype – created positive atmosphere z expert and scientific institutions are integrated in protection programs z stopped negative trends (improved situation in most endangered autochthonous breeds) z realised exterior, production and genetic characterisation z provided permanent state financial support Thank you for your attention!.