التقدم –العمل -الوحدة Unité – travail - progrès MINISTÈRE DE LA PRODUCTION DE L’IRRIGATION ET DES ÉQUIPEMENTS AGRICOLES CONTRIBUTION TO THE CONFERENCE ON THE INVOLVEMENT OF PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES IN GREEN JOBS DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL GROWTH POLES "AGROPOLES" N’DJAMENA 11 – 13 DECEMBER 2018 DJAMAL AL-FAROUKH AGRICULTURAL ENGINEER 2 WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT "AGROPOLES" IN CHAD OUTLINE 3 Présentée et animée par DCEG par animée et Présentée STRATEGIC ORIENTATIONS AXES OF INTERVENTION OF AGROPOLES IN CHAD EXPECTED RESULTS RELATED TO YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN CHAD SPECIFIC AREAS OF FOCUS CHOSEN POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE IN CHAD COMMITMENTS OF CHAD IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR: STRATEGIC ORIENTATION 4 among the challenges the country counts on addressing the are the overall objectives of agricultural policy which aim to ensure food security, specifically food sovereignty by 20-30. With a view to improving agricultural production while preserving the land potential and meeting the needs of populations with continuous growth, it is necessary to support innovative agribusiness initiatives to impact the business environment of Chadian producers THIS POLICY IS GROUNDED ON THE FOLLOZING OBJECTIVES, AMONG OTHERS: Increase in AGRICULTURAL production/Productivity; Emergence of competitive sectors in rural areas; Rural world promotion. AXES OF INTERVENTION OF AGROPOLES IN CHAD 5 Research - Development Agricultural extension/training Disponibility and affordability to inputs and agricultural equipements Access to funding and Market Organisation FOLLOW-UP-EVALUATION Technical assistance and consultation AXES OF INTERVENTION OF AGROPOLES IN CHAD 6 The improvement of these crops and the diversification of by-products could Présentée et animée par DCEG par animée et Présentée significantly increase population income and reduce imports. These objectives aim to: increase production Promote the value chains; Be a source of financial profits for an investor Meet the expectations of local and international markets preserve the environment Create and develop new jobs EXPECTED RESULTS RELATED TO YOUTH EMPLOYMENT 7 R2.1. The role of the private sector in the development and management of agropoles and processing areas of agricultural products is analysed R2.2. A clear strategy based on a strong value chain approach and underpinned by strong legal and regulatory instruments and a business environment conducive to development is defined R2.5 A multi-stakeholder platforms for dissemination and management of knowledge on exploitation of agropoles are created and strengthened R3.1. An agropole network in Chad as a platform for sharing good practices and experiences is set up R3.2. Support for technical assistance in corporate development to 2,000 SMEs agropole businesses (50% of which are women's businesses) is given; R3.4. At the end of the program 100,000 heads of farm on new technologies and farming techniques are trained R3.5. 500 agropoles initiatives for rural youth (50% of which are women's businesses) are supported EXPECTED RESULTS RELATED TO YOUTH EMPLOYMENT 8 Marketing is ensured by a long chain of values which involves: 1. collectors in villages, 2. Passing through merchants in the weekly markets,, 3. semi-wholesalers and wholesalers who in turn sell the product 4. traders with substantial profit margins. 5. actors in material handling who are involved in logistics SPECIFIC AREAS OF FOCUS CHOSEN 9 1.Update existing information on the types of crop sectors included in the: program, such as Cereals, Oilseeds, Vegetables, Arboriculture, among others 2.Create an enabling environment for the intervention of Public and Private Investors 3. Set up a network of agropoles in Chad as a platform for the exchange of good practices and experiences and develop the different sectors POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE IN CHAD 10 Chad has very few formal enterprises to contribute effectively to the growth and creation of decent jobs Business creation is evolving positively but very slowly because of the difficulties in the business environment the past ten (10) years of cereal production shows that the country is unable to meet its cereal needs regularly Yet Chad has enormous potential and real economic opportunities, especially: 1) the possibilities of agro-sylvo-pastoral production not yet exploited 2) those related to the development of agribusinesses, service industries and petroleum; 3) the youth of the workforce, 4) the free movement of persons and goods in the CEMAC space. Potentials and constraints of agricultural development by agro-ecological zone AGRO-ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL CONSTRAINTS ZONE Rainfall and water resources are sufficient Irregular rainfalls in space and time Opportunities for crop diversification: cotton, rice, maize, Irregularity in the rainy seasons start period sorghum, millet, leguminous plants, vegetable and fruit crops, Weak valorization of water tubers, etc. Declining soil fertility Sudanian Underperforming varieties (low level of performance) Insufficient agricultural equipment Large population (50% of country’s population) Post-harvest losses Bioagressors Average to low availability of water resources Climate change affecting water availability Average availability of land resources Underperforming varieties Large livestock of cattle, small livestock and poultry Underperforming itineraries Sahelian Different plants cultivated (cereals: wheat, maize, rice, berbere, Damage to crops by animals peanut, sorghum, garlic, onion and fruit plants) Bioagressors (weeds, insects, diseases) Relatively large population (47% of country’s population) Low farm equipment Pasture degradation Abundant grazing space Post-harvest losses Good availability of ground water Very low rainfall, annual average below 100 mm Substantial land resources (47 % of territory), but not very Low agricultural land availability appropriate for cultivation Large population groupings on small areas Saharan Substantial artesian water resources easily exploitable High potential for oasis agriculture Area predisposed to an integrated farming / intensive livestock Very low population density system Major date production zones POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE CHAD 12 Strengths of the agricultural sector Chad has a potential of arable land of 39 million ha, representing 30% of the national territory and 5.6 million ha of irrigable land, of which 335,000 ha are easily irrigable The areas cultivated annually are approximately 3 million ha, of which 2/3 are cultivated in the Sahelian zone and 1/3 in the Sudanian zone, representing barely 1% of the country's potential The agricultural sector is a great source of employment, accounting 2/3 of the country’s working population, more than half of whom being women which more than half (50 % of them aged under 25 years old) Groundwater and surface water resources are close to an annual volume of 263 to 455 billion m3 from rivers, the most important of which are Chari and Logone An agro-ecological diversity with great potential for crop diversification A livestock (excluding poultry) estimated to be about 94 million head Substantial fishery resources including fishing with an annual production of 80,000 tons Private operators and microfinance institutions play a role in agriculture and rural development But this is not enough to really do a takeoff… COMMITMENTS OF CHAD IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR: 1) To improve good governance and the quality of its institutions13 2) To ensure the availability and employability of human resources adapted to the needs of the national economy 3) To enhance the development of the productive bases and the competitiveness of the production, conservation and processing sectors of domestic products 4) To speed up the integration of the rural sector into the market system 5) To promote sustainable industrial development, generator of decent jobs 6) To focus these priority on Family Farming 7) the declaration of the Summit of Heads of State and Government in Maputo (Mozambique) in 2003, suggesting African countries to allocate 10% of their national budget to agricultural development to reach a growth rate of 6% 8) As well as the Dakar Declaration on Irrigation in the Sahel, with a target of passing from 400,000 to 1,000,000 ha of irrigated land COMMITMENTS OF CHAD IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR 14 Improving the production / productivity of these crops and diversification of by-products Could increase population income and reduce imports. OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT 15 "VALUE CHAIN" DEFINITIONS : A “value chain” in agriculture designates all the actors and activities that bring an agricultural base product from the production stage in the fields to its final consumption, process in which each stage value is added to the product A value chain can be a vertical link or a network between different self- employed organizations and may involve processing, packaging, storage, transport and distribution Traditional agricultural value chains are in general governed by the spot market operations involving a large number of small retailers and producers The modern value chains are characterized by vertical coordination, consolidation of the supply base, agri-food processing and the use of standards throughout the chain OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT 16 "VALUE CHAIN" Présentée et animée par DCEG par animée et Présentée The agropoles conceived within the perspective of a value chain are not only agricultural production poles, but and above all: A diversification pole of agricultural products A processing/packaging