Data Evaluation Report No. 2: “Boundary Conditions” LOWER EIGHT MILES OF THE LOWER PASSAIC RIVER DATA EVALUATION REPORT NO. 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Overview of the FFS Study Area .................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Overview of the Boundary Conditions Data Evaluation Report ................... 1-2 1.3 Definition of Boundary Conditions ............................................................... 1-3 2 Overview of Boundary Conditions ............................................................... 2-1 2.1 Overview of Upper Passaic Boundary Condition .......................................... 2-1 2.2 Overview of Newark Bay Boundary Condition ............................................ 2-2 2.3 Overview of the Tributary Boundary Conditions .......................................... 2-3 2.4 Overview of CSO and SWO Boundary Conditions ...................................... 2-4 2.5 Overview of Other Boundary Conditions ...................................................... 2-5 3 Upper Passaic River Boundary Condition .................................................... 3-1 3.1 River Flow and Solids Delivery at Dundee Dam .......................................... 3-1 3.2 Characterization of the Contaminant Burden on Solids Delivered by the Upper Passaic River ..................................................................................... 3-3 3.2.1 2,3,7,8-TCDD in Upper Passaic River Solids ........................................ 3-3 3.2.2 Total PAHs in Upper Passaic River Solids ............................................ 3-5 3.2.3 Evaluation of PCBs in Upper Passaic River Solids ............................... 3-5 3.2.4 Pesticides in Upper Passaic River Solids ............................................... 3-8 3.2.5 Metals in Upper Passaic River Solids .................................................... 3-9 3.3 Defining an Upper Passaic River Boundary Condition ............................... 3-12 4 Newark Bay Boundary Condition ................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Hydrodynamic Transport in Newark Bay ..................................................... 4-2 Data Evaluation Report No. 2: Boundary Conditions i 2014 Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River 4.2 Sediment Transport in Newark Bay .............................................................. 4-4 4.3 Chemical Characterization of Contaminated Solids in the Bay .................... 4-7 4.3.1 TOC ........................................................................................................ 4-8 4.3.2 2,3,7,8-TCDD, PAHs, and PCBs ........................................................... 4-9 4.3.3 Pesticides .............................................................................................. 4-10 4.3.4 Metals ................................................................................................... 4-11 4.4 Effect of Mixing on the Newark Bay End Member .................................... 4-11 4.4.1 2,3,7,8-TCDD Gradients in the Bay ..................................................... 4-12 4.4.2 Two End-Member Mixing Model Formulation ................................... 4-14 4.4.3 2,3,7,8-TCDD/Total TCDD Mixing Model in the Bay........................ 4-15 4.5 Defining a Newark Bay Boundary Condition ............................................. 4-16 5 Tributary Boundary Conditions .................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Solids Load on Tributaries ............................................................................ 5-1 5.1.1 Saddle River Solids Load ....................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Third River Solids Load ......................................................................... 5-2 5.1.3 Second River Solids Load ...................................................................... 5-2 5.2 Characterization of Contaminated Solids in Tributaries ............................... 5-2 5.2.1 2,3,7,8-TCDD in the Tributaries ............................................................ 5-3 5.2.2 Total PAH in the Tributaries .................................................................. 5-4 5.2.3 Total PCB in the Tributaries .................................................................. 5-5 5.2.4 Pesticides in the Tributaries ................................................................... 5-5 5.2.5 Metals in the Tributaries ........................................................................ 5-5 5.3 Defining Tributary Boundary Conditions ...................................................... 5-6 6 CSO and SWO Discharge Boundary Conditions ......................................... 6-1 6.1 Overview of CSO and SWO Discharges ....................................................... 6-1 Data Evaluation Report No. 2: Boundary Conditions ii 2014 Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River 6.1.1 Description of CSO Sampling Locations ............................................... 6-1 6.1.2 Description of SWO Sampling Locations .............................................. 6-2 6.2 Characterization of Contaminated Solids at CSO and SWO Discharges ...... 6-3 6.2.1 2,3,7,8-TCDD at CSO and SWO Discharges......................................... 6-3 6.2.2 PAH Compounds at CSO and SWO Discharges ................................... 6-5 6.2.3 Total PCB at CSO and SWO Discharges ............................................... 6-5 6.2.4 Pesticides at CSO and SWO Discharges ................................................ 6-5 6.2.5 Metals at CSO and SWO Discharges ..................................................... 6-6 6.3 Defining CSO and SWO Discharge Boundary Conditions ........................... 6-6 6.4 Comparison of the USEPA 2007 to 2008 CSO/SWO Data and 2001 to 2004 CARP Data ................................................................................................... 6-8 7 Other Boundary Conditions .......................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Groundwater Boundary Condition ................................................................ 7-1 7.2 Estimating Groundwater Contaminant Loads to the Lower Passaic River ... 7-2 7.2.1 Overview of the Estimation Approach Using the Reible Model ........... 7-2 7.2.2 Adjustments to the Reible Model ........................................................... 7-3 7.2.3 Results of the Reible Model Application and Analysis of Groundwater Contributions......................................................................................................... 7-4 7.3 Atmospheric Boundary Condition ................................................................. 7-5 8 Acronyms ..................................................................................................... 8-1 9 References .................................................................................................... 9-1 Data Evaluation Report No. 2: Boundary Conditions iii 2014 Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River LOWER EIGHT MILES OF THE LOWER PASSAIC RIVER DATA EVALUATION REPORT NO. 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1 Flow Statistics for the Little Falls USGS Gauging Station Table 3-2 Qualitative Assessment of the Relative Importance of Upper Passaic River Loads based on Solids–Borne Contaminant Concentrations Table 3-3 Upper Passaic River Be-7 Bearing Surface Sediment Contaminant Concentrations (0-1 inch) Table 3-4 Summary Statistics for Upper Passaic River Contaminant Concentrations (0-1 inch) Table 3-5 Metals Ratios in Surface Sediments for Upper Passaic River and Lower Passaic River Table 5-1 Estimated Solids Load and Corresponding Watershed Area for the Lower Passaic River Boundary Conditions Table 5-2 Summary Statistics for Tributary Contaminant Concentrations Table 5-3 Summary Statistics for 1995, 2007-2008 USEPA and 2008 CPG Surface Sediments from Be-7 Bearing Locations Table 6-1 CSO Locations Sampled during 2007-2008 USEPA/Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Program Table 6-2 SWO Locations Sampled during 2007-2008 USEPA/Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Program Table 6-3 Summary Statistics of CSO Contaminant Concentration for Samples Collected in 2007-2008 in the USEPA/Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Program Table 6-4 Summary Statistics of SWO Contaminant Concentration for Samples Collected in 2007-2008 in the USEPA/Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Program Table 6-5 CARP CSO/SWO Sampling Locations and Dates Table 7-1 Results of Reible Model for Probable Groundwater Contributions to the Lower Passaic River Table 7-2 Comparison of Atmospheric Deposition to the Lower Passaic River vs. the Solids‐Borne Contaminant Load at Dundee Dam Data Evaluation Report No. 2: Boundary Conditions iv 2014 Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River LOWER EIGHT MILES OF THE LOWER PASSAIC RIVER DATA EVALUATION REPORT NO. 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 FFS Study Area Location Map Figure 1-2 Schematic of the Lower Passaic River Domain and Boundary Conditions Figure 1-3 Reprint from Chaky (2003): Ratio of 2,3,7,8-TCDD/Total TCDD in the Hudson-Raritan Estuary in 1995 Figure 1-4 Ratio of 2,3,7,8-TCDD/Total TCDD in Newark Bay Surface Sediments at Highly Likely Recent-Depositional Locations (Defined as >1 pCi/g in the Channel) Figure 3-1 2,3,7,8-TCDD Downcore Profile for the Upper Passaic River Figure 3-2 Total PAH Downcore Profile for the Upper Passaic River Figure 3-3 Normalized PCB Congener Pattern for