The Gram Stain Jacqueline Brooks, MB, SCT, HTL (ASCP) Wally Rosene, PA (ASCP) 9/12/2017 1 NSH Dear Jackie, Your request to have the workshop Gram Staining for the year 2017 has been approved. NSH staff has added the scheduled session to the NSH Contact Hour Portal so that your attendees can self -report following the meeting. At the Conclusion of the Meeting: The following items are to be shared with attendees and returned to NSH following the meeting. Missed deadlines may result in NSH revoking the approved contact hours for the session. 1. Session Evaluations: Evaluation Forms: Each attendee should complete an evaluation form. Forms should be collected at the conclusion of the session and attached to the corresponding Evaluation Summary. Evaluation Summary Form: An evaluation summary form has been provided. It is the responsibility of the Meeting Coordinator to complete the summary calculations for each session and return it with the evaluation forms. 2. Email Text for Post Meeting: As attendees will be responsible for adding contact hours to their records attached is a sample email you can send explaining how it works. Please feel free to edit it as you deem appropriate. Sending this email is not required but recommended. All paperwork is due to NSH within 30 days of completion of the meeting. Contact hour certificates are immediately available once attendees enter their hours. If NSH does not receive the check in roster or session evaluations access to contact hour certificates will be denied. If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office. Have a great meeting! Connie Wildeman, MPA Project Coordinator, Education and Events National Society for Histotechnology NSH has moved! Mailing Address 3545 Ellicott Mills Drive Ellicott City, MD 21043 Payments Address PO Box 75914 Baltimore, MD 21275-5914 Phone | 443.535.4066 [email protected] Visit NSH's new on-line learning center: learn.nsh.org - Join the conversation: The Block |Twitter |LinkedIn |Facebook 9/12/2017 Connie Wildeman, MPA 2 Project Coordinator, Education and Events National Society for Histotechnology Thank you for aending Gram Stain. This email is a reminder that to receive a contact hour cerficate for the meeng you must report your aendance to NSH through the NSH Contact Hour Portal - ce.nsh.org. Instrucons for adding your hours to your account are located below. If you have any quesons, please contact the NSH office, 443-535-4060. Kind regards, INSERT NAME Direcons for Submi0ng Your Hours to the NSH Contact Hour Portal 1. Login to NSH Contact Hour Portal – ce.nsh.org (do not use www prior to the web address) a. First Time to the Site? – complete the “Not Yet Registered” form to create your contact hour portal user account. Once you have created a user account you will be asked to complete the user profile form (your name, address etc). To complete the profile and access hours from previous events you will need your NSH Customer ID number in the first step. b. Finding or Geng an NSH Customer ID# - You can log into “My NSH” from nsh.org and find your Customer ID # on the profile page. You can access a short video that explains where to find the number. http://nsh.adobeconnect.com/p3i97kyn5ev/. If you are not a member of NSH or have not aended an event or purchased a book from NSH in the past you may need to create an account through the “My NSH” portal on nsh.org to get your Customer ID#. Here is a short video to explain the process: http://nsh.adobeconnect.com/p1zo0yivh8k/ 2. Once you are logged in select “Session Tracker” from the top navigaon 3. Add your Contact Hours for an event a. Step 1: Year: Select the year in which the event was held. b. Step 2: Event Title: All events approved in a specific year for contact hours by NSH are available to you to in this drop down list. Select the name of the event you aended: Aurora Diagnoscs Webinar Series c. Step 3: Session Title: Select the workshop or webinar you aended: Gram Stain. The number of contact hours awarded for this session is preset and cannot be edited. d. Step 4: Add: Click on Add and your workshop or webinar will appear in your session log listed below. 4. Print your contact hour cerficate a. Click on the box next to each session you would like to appear on your cerficate. b. Make sure you click all of the sessions from one event if you want them to appear on one cerficate. c. If you want all of your hours for a specific year you will need to click on all of the sessions from that year. 9/12/2017 3 Cunningham Pathology, Your CEU approval documents (Certificate, Approval Letter, and Invoice) have been uploaded to your CEU Vendor Information page. All documents will be available until the listed expiration date. You can access these documents with the following username and password: Username: cunninghampathology Password: 7LBED6ot0UVi+fO56Wwhu1RfICowiHzBaH7n4xm6nZiIWulbmVNEtTyklLRX2dkeunI5fiao9xzL4 3OF9uoj5Q== Filter your Recent Activity to approved titles only; your most recent approvals will be at the bottom of the list. If you login via any other AAPC page, you will need to hover over My AAPC (top right, in the blue bar) and click on Overview under CEU Vendor to see the Recent Activity. Please give all attendees a copy of the original PDF CEU certificate. This is the only certificate AAPC will accept from a member for CEUs. The PDF is not to be altered, other than adding the name of the recipient and the date of the course. Please see AAPC CEU Vendor Guidelines for additional information. Thank you! AAPC CEU Vendor Department 8/8/2017 4 Objectives 1. The Gram stain is a common stain performed in most laboratories and is often not fully understood. We will review the importance of the gram stain as it pertains to patient care and treatment. 2. The steps in the gram stain will be reviewed with explanation of each step. We hope this will help the attendees understand and be able to troubleshoot common problems with the stain. 3. This presentation will also review bacteria classification to help the attendees better understand the stain 9/12/2017 5 9/12/2017 6 Bacterial classificaon is important, revealing the identy of an organism so that its behaviour and likely response to treatment can be predicted. Bacterial structural components Bacterial cell walls are rigid and protect the organism from differences in osmoc tension between the cell and the environment. Gram-posive cell walls have a thick pepdoglycan layer and a cell membrane, whereas Gram-negave cell walls have three layers: inner and outer membranes, and a thinner pepdoglycan layer. The mycobacterial cell wall has a high proporon of lipid, including immunoreacve angens. Bacterial cell shape can also be used in classificaon. The following cell components are important for classificaon, pathogenicity and therapy. • Capsule: a polysaccharide layer that protects the cell from phagocytosis and desiccaon. • Lipopolysaccharide: surface angens that strongly smulate inflammaon and protect Gram- negave bacteria from complement-mediated lysis. • Fimbriae or pili: specialized thin projecons that aid adhesion to host cells. Escherichia coli that cause urinary tract infecons bind to mannose receptors on ureteric epithelial cells by their P fimbriae. Fimbrial angens are oen immunogenic but vary between strains so that repeated infecons may occur (e.g. Neisseria gonorrhoeae). 9/12/2017 7 Biological Classifica8on Biological Classificaon Is ed to paent treatment plans 9/12/2017 8 Biological Classifica8on • Bacteria-are microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be found everywhere. They can be dangerous, such as when they cause infecon, or beneficial, as in the process of fermentaon (such as in wine) and that of decomposion. • Archaea- Any of the unicellular microorganisms that is genecally disnct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and oen inhabing extreme environmental condions • Eukaryota- Organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus • A virus is a small infecous agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea 9/12/2017 9 Virus A virus is a small infecous agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. 9/12/2017 10 Micro-organisms 9/12/2017 11 Bacteria Size 9/12/2017 12 More Classificaon 9/12/2017 13 Gram Stain Classificaon 9/12/2017 14 Gram Posive Species 9/12/2017 15 Gram Negave Species 9/12/2017 16 Bacterial Classifica8on • Facultave means "oponal" or "discreonary" (antonym obligate), used mainly in biology in phrases such as: Facultave anaerobe, an organism that can use oxygen but also has anaerobic methods of energy producon. It can survive in either environment. • Aerobic- (1) Of, pertaining to, having, or requiring the presence of air or free oxygen. (2) (biology) Requiring air or oxygen for life or survival, used especially to refer to aerobic bacteria. (3) (physiology) Pertaining to respiraon occurring in the presence of oxygen, as aerobic respiraon. • Anaerobic- (1) Not requiring, or capable of occurring, in the absence of air or free oxygen. (2) Caused by, or relang to, the lack of molecular oxygen. Supplement. Anaerobic may be used to describe an organism, a cell, a process or a mechanism that can funcon without air (i.e. air to generally mean oxygen). 9/12/2017 17 Bacteria Bacteria are ny, single-celled organisms that are widely distributed in nature.