CHAPTER 3 SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES REGIONAL OVERVIEW DRAFT VERSION 9/06/20 3-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR CHAPTER 3 SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES REGIONAL OVERVIEW John R. Wagner INDEX MAP TO SOUTHEASTERN REGIONAL STUDY AREA TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR CHAPTER 3 BACKGROUND INFORMATION - Description of Landforms, Drainage Patterns, and Geologic Processes p. 3-1 . - Characteristic Landforms of the Southeastern USA p. 3-1 . - figure 3-1 – “Landform Regions of the Southeast” p. 3-2 . - figure 3-2 – “Major Drainage Basins in the Southeast” p. 3-3 . - Geographic Features and Localities of Special Interest p. 3-4 . - Rock Types and Geologic History p. 3-4 . - figure 3-3 – “Simplified Geologic Map of the Southeast” p. 3-7 . - figure 3-4 – “A Short Geologic History of the Southeast” p. 3-8 . - figure 3-5 – “Geologic Cross-Section through the Southeast” - Influence of Topography on Historical Events and Cultural Trends p. 3-9 . - Folklore p. 3-9 . - story – “Legend of Little Deer” p. 3-10 . - story – “The Rooster and the Fox” p. 3-11 . - story – “The Ballad of Casey Jones” p. 3-11 . - Historical Events p. 3-13 . - figure 3-6 – “The Tennessee Valley Authority System” p. 3-15 . - Influence of Topography on Commerce, Culture, and Tourism p. 3-16 . - figure 3-7 – “Time Zones in the Southeast” - Natural Resources, Land Use, and Environmental Concerns p. 3-18 . - Climate and Water Resources p. 3-18 . - figure 3-8 – “Average Annual Precipitation in the Southeast” p. 3-19 . - figure 3-9 – “Average Annual Temperature in the Southeast” p. 3-20 . - Soils and Agriculture p. 3-22 . - figure 3-10 – “Agriculture in the Southeast” p. 3-23 . - Mining and Resource Extraction p. 3-24 . - figure 3-11 – “Mineral and Energy Resources in the Southeast” PLACES TO VISIT REFERENCES AND RESOURCES STUDY AREA 3A = LANDSCAPES AND LANDFORMS - Newspaper Article p. 3A-1 . - story – “Canals Near Okeechobee Date 300 A.D.” - Rationale - Performance Objectives - Sample Assessment Rubrics - Cartographic Product Information 3-i p. 3A-3 . - MAP 3A: Landscapes and Landforms - Study Area Description p. 3A-4 . - Landform Regions of the Southeast p. 3A-5 . - Stream Systems and Flow Characteristics p. 3A-6 . - Drainage Patterns and Watersheds p. 3A-8 . - figure 3A-1 – “River Name Changes in a Carolina Watershed” p. 3A-9 . - figure 3A-2 – “Common Drainage Network Patterns” - Activity 3A-1: Landform Regions of the Southeastern USA (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3A-10 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Scenic Search” p. 3A-10 . - Materials p. 3A-10 . - Performance Tasks p. 3A-10 . 1. Trace landform region boundaries. p. 3A-11 . 2. Distinguish between erosional and depositional landforms. p. 3A-11 . 3. Determine latitude / longitude coordinates for selected study areas. p. 3A-12 . 4. Identify obstacles to transportation. p. 3A-12 . 5. Tell story about building Okeechobee Canal. p. 3A-13 . - Enrichment p. 3A-13 . 1. Research official and unofficial state songs. p. 3A-13 . 2. Compare southeast landform regions with rest of USA. - Activity 3A-2: Drainage Patterns and Watersheds (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3A-14 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Hydrophobic Horse” p. 3A-14 . - Materials p. 3A-14 . - Performance Tasks p. 3A-14 . 1. Trace major river drainage basins (watersheds). p. 3A-15 . 2. Trace pathway of industrial pollutant. p. 3A-16 . 3. Calculate gradients of stream systems. p. 3A-16 . 4. Explain use of multiple names of major rivers. p. 3A-16 . 5. Write a story about salamander’s river journey. p. 3A-17 . - Enrichment p. 3A-17 . 1. Research information on reservoirs in your state. p. 3A-17 . 2. Identify and locate “Wild and Scenic” rivers. STUDY AREA 3B = GEOLOGICAL SETTING - Newspaper Article p. 3B-1 . - story – “Family Seeks to Expand Oil Drilling in Preserve” - Rationale - Performance Objectives - Sample Assessment Rubrics - Cartographic Product Information p. 3B-3 . - MAP 3B: Geological Setting - Study Area Description p. 3B-4 . - Geological Patterns in the Southeast p. 3B-5 . - Tectonic Terranes of the Southeast p. 3B-6 . - Fossils and Ancient Environments p. 3B-7 . - figure 3B-1 – “Paleogeography During the Cretaceous Period” 3-ii p. 3B-7 . - Distribution of Geological Resources p. 3B-8 . - figure 3B-2 – “Resource Production by State” - Activity 3B-1: Interpreting Geologic History (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3B-10 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Fossil Find” p. 3B-10 . - Materials p. 3B-10 . - Performance Tasks p. 3B-10 . 1. Make chart listing age and geologic features of landform regions. p. 3B-11 . 2. Locate position of former shoreline. p. 3B-11 . 3. Determine rate of change in shoreline position. p. 3B-12 . 4. Examine relationship between surface geology / state boundaries. p. 3B-12 . 5. Write an adventure story about the geologic past. p. 3B-12 . - Enrichment p. 3B-12 . 1. Research state rock and state fossil. p. 3B-13 . 2. Compile list of stories or films that use time machines. - Activity 3B-2: Geologic Resources (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3B-14 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Industrial Initiative” p. 3B-14 . - Materials p. 3B-14 . - Performance Tasks p. 3B-14 . 1. Investigate distribution of geologic resources p. 3B-15 . 2. Explain distribution of oil and gas deposits. p. 3B-15 . 3. Construct pie chart showing resource production by state p. 3B-16 . 4. Evaluate appropriate land uses for wildlife preserves p. 3B-16 . 5. Create slogan highlighting city’s geologic resource. p. 3B-17 . - Enrichment p. 3B-17 . 1. Trace economic impact of mining through time. p. 3B-17 . 2. Research origin of mineral deposits. STUDY AREA 3C = LANDSCAPE PATTERNS - Newspaper Article p. 3C-1 . - story – “Smokies, Everglades Make List of All Threatened Parks.” - Rationale - Performance Objectives - Sample Assessment Rubrics - Cartographic Product Information p. 3C-3 . - MAP 3C: Landscape Patterns - Study Area Description p. 3C-4 . - Satellite Imagery p. 3C-4 . - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer p. 3C-5 . - figure 3C-1 – “Color Interpretation Chart for AVHRR Images ” p. 3C-6 . - Digital Shaded Relief Maps - Activity 3C-1: Erosional and Depositional Surface Features (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3C-7 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Alien Assignment” p. 3C-7 . - Materials 3-iii p. 3C-7 . - Performance Tasks p. 3C-7 . 1. Investigate relative prominence of seven landform regions. p. 3C-8 . 2. Recognize erosional and depositional patterns of rivers. p. 3C-8 . 3. Estimate numerical value of surface area of Southeast. p. 3C-9 . 4. Detect human activity visible on satellite image. p. 3C-9 . 5. Write set of directions using references to landscape patterns. p. 3C-9 . - Enrichment p. 3C-9 . 1. Research how DEM generates shaded relief image. p. 3C-9 . 2. Research how AVHRR satellite system works. - Activity 3C-2: Structural Geology Influences Topography (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3C-11 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Poster Pick” p. 3C-11 . - Materials p. 3C-11 . - Performance Tasks p. 3C-11 . 1. Compare and contrast representation of structural features. p. 3C-12 . 2. Explain why pollution is trapped in Smoky Mountains. p. 3C-12 . 3. Estimate time of day by examining cloud shadows. p. 3C-12 . 4. Describe alignment of state boundaries with structural features. p. 3C-12 . 5. Describe characteristics of a mosaic. p. 3C-13 . - Enrichment p. 3C-13 . 1. Compare Space Shuttle photographs with satellite image. p. 3C-13 . 2. Analyze astronaut descriptions of earth. STUDY AREA 3D = TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE - Newspaper Article p. 3D-1 . - story – “From King Cotton to King Pine.” - Rationale - Performance Objectives - Sample Assessment Rubrics - Cartographic Product Information p. 3D-3 . - MAP 3D: Topography and Climate - Study Area Description p. 3D-4 . - Elevation and Climate Patterns p. 3D-5 . - figure 3D-1 – “Major Escarpments in the Southeast” p. 3D-5 . - Topography, Soils, and Agriculture p. 3D-7 . - Surveying and Global Positioning Systems p. 3D-7 . - figure 3D-2 – “Basic Surveying Methodology” p. 3D-9 . - figure 3D-3 – “Triangulation with Global Positioning Systems” - Activity 3D-1: Elevation Patterns and Landscapes (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3D-10 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Drastic Detour” p. 3D-10 . - Materials p. 3D-10 . - Performance Tasks p. 3D-10 . 1. Correlate elevation data with landform regions. p. 3D-11 . 2. Speculate about straightness of escarpment. p. 3D-11 . 3. Evaluate appropriateness of statistical analysis. 3-iv p. 3D-11 . 4. Explain why highest point in Florida has no name. p. 3D-11 . 5. Propose name for highest point in Florida. p. 3D-12 . - Enrichment p. 3D-12 . 1. Research famous people for whom mountains were named. p. 3D-12 . 2. Investigate how mountaintop elevations are determined. - Activity 3D-2: Climate and Agriculture (ICONS) Overview = Science = Math = Soc Stud = Lang Arts = p. 3D-13 . - Power Thinking Exercise “Legend Logic” p. 3D-13 . - Materials p. 3D-13 . - Performance Tasks p. 3D-14 . 1. Correlate major agricultural regions with elevation changes. p. 3D-14 . 2. Relate average rainfall / temperature data to elevation differences. p. 3D-15 . 3. Calculate slope from highest elevation to lowest p. 3D-16 . 4. Relate size and shape of county (parish) to topography. p. 3D-16 . 5. Examine use of metaphorical language in land use terminology. p. 3D-17 . - Enrichment p. 3D-17 . 1. Explain pixilation pattern on map. p. 3D-17 . 2. Locate historical references to topography of farmland. STUDY AREA 3E = POLITICAL SETTING - Newspaper Article p. 3E-1 . - story – “Bullet Train Decision Delayed a Year.” - Rationale - Performance Objectives - Sample Assessment Rubrics - Cartographic Product Information p. 3E-3 . - MAP 3E: Political Setting - Study Area Description p. 3E-4 . - Natural Features as Effective Political Boundaries p. 3E-5 . - Historical Reasons for Placement of State Boundaries p. 3E-6 . - Early Transportation Systems p. 3E-6 . - figure 3E-1 – “Major Canals and Waterway Projects” p.