UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RAY LYMAN WILBUR. SECRETARY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HORACE M.ALBRIGHT. DIRECTOR CIRCULAR OF GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK WYOMING © Crandall THE WAY TO ENJOY THE MOUNTAINS THE GRAND TETON IN THE BACKGROUND Season from June 20 to September 19 1931 © Crandill TRIPS BY PACK TRAIN ARE POPULAR IN THE SHADOWS OF THE MIGHTY TETONS © Crandall AN IDEAL CAMP GROUND Mount Moran in the background 'Die Grand Teton National Park is not a part of Yellowstone National Park, and, aside from distant views of the mountains, can not be seen on any Yellowstone tour. It is strongly urged, how­ ever, that visitors to either park take time to see the other, since they are located so near together. In order to get the " Cathedral " and " Matterhorn " views of the Grand Teton, and to appreciate the grandeur and majestic beauty of the entire Teton Range, it is necessary to spend an extra day in this area. CONTENTS rage General description 1 Geographic features: The Teton Range 2 Origin of Teton Range 2 Jackson Hole 4 A meeting ground for glaciers .. 5 Moraines 6 Outwash plains 6 Lakes 6 Canyons 7 Peaks 7 How to reach the park: By automobile . 7 By railroad 9 Administration 0 Motor camping 11 Wilderness camping • 11 Fishing 11 Wild animals 12 Hunting in the Jackson Hole 13 Ascents of the Grand Teton 13 Rules and regulations 14 Map 18 Literature: Government publications— Distributed free by the National Park Service 13 Sold by Superintendent of Documents 13 Other national parks ' 19 National monuments 19 References 19 Authorized rates for public utilities, season of 1931 23 35459°—31 1 j II CONTENTS MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS COVER The way to enjoy the mountains—Grand Teton in background Outside front. Trips by pack train are popular Inside front. An ideal camp ground, Mount Moran in background Inside front. Party from neighboring "dude ranch" Inside back. Elk wintering in the Jackson Hole — Inside back. The magnificent Teton Range Rack. Famous Mount Moran Back. TEXT Cross section of the mountains of the Yellowstone Grand Teton region 3 Map showing automobile routes S Map showing railroad routes 10 Map showing the Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks 12 THE NATIONAL PARKS AT A GLANCE [Number, 23; total area, 12,-i56 square miles] Yrea in Name of park Location square Distinctive characteristics miles Acadia -. Maine coast.. 17 The group of granite mountains upon Mount 1919 Desert Island and also bold point on opposite mainland across Frenchmans Bay—Forinorly called the Lafayette National Park. Bryce Canyon Southwestern Utah. is Box canyons filled with countless array of fantas­ 1928 tically eroded pinnacles—Best exhibit of vivid coloring of earth's materials. Carlsbad Caverns Southeastern Now l Beautifully decorated limestone caverns, believed 1930 Mexico. to be largest yet discovered. Crater Lake Southwestern Oregon. 249 Lake of extraordinary blue in crater of extinct 1902 volcano --Sides 1,000 feet high—Interesting lava formations -Fine fishing. General Grant Middle eastern Cali­ 4 Created to preserve the celebrated General Grant 1890 fornia. Tree, 40.3 feet in diameter—35 miles by trail from Sequoia National Park. Glacier _ Northwestern Mon­ 1,534 Rugged mountain region of unsurpassed alpine 1910 tana. character—250 glacier-fed lakes of romantic beauty—(50 small glaciers—Precipices thou­ sands of feet deep—Almost sensational scenery of marked individuality—Fine trout fishing. Grand Canyon North central Arizona. 1,009 The greatest example of erosion and the most 1919 sublime spectacle in the world. Grand Teton Northwestern Wyo­ 150 Includes most spectacular portion of Teton 1929 ming. Mountains, an uplift of unusual grandeur. Great Smoky North Carolina and 24S This area is not to be developed as a national Mountains (pro­ Tennessee. park until at least 427,000 acres have been do­ posed). nated to the United States, as specified in the 1930 organic act. Meanwhile the park area of 158,- 876.50 acres already in Federal ownership is being protected by the National Park Service. Hawaii Hawaii. 245 Interesting volcanic areas—Kilauea and Mauna 1918 Loa, active volcanoes on tho island of Hawaii; Ilaleakala, a huge extinct volcano on the island of Maui. Hot Springs.. Middle Arkansas.. 2 4fi hot springs said to possess healing properties— 1921 Many hotels and boarding houses—19 bath­ houses under Government supervision. Re­ served by Congress in 1832 as the Hot Springs Reservation to prevent exploitation of hot waters. Lassen Volcanic. Northern California. 162 Only recently active volcano in United States 1910 proper—Lassen Peak, 10,453 feet—Cinder cone, 0,913 feet—Hot springs—Mud geysers. Mesa Verde Southwestern Colo­ 80 Most notable and best preserved prehistoric cliff 1900 rado. dwellings in United States, if not in the world. Mount McKinley__ South central Alaska.. 2,645 Highest mountain in North America—Rises 1917 higher above surrounding country than any other mountain in the world. Mount "Rainier West central Wash­ 325 Largest accessible single peak glacier system; 28 1899 ington. glaciers, some of large size; 48 square miles of glacier, 50 to 500 feet thick—Wonderful subal- pine wild-flower fields. Piatt Southern Oklahoma... 1 Sulphur and other springs said to possess healing 1902 properties. Rocky Mountain... North middle Colo­ 400 Heart of the Rockies—Snowy range, peaks 11,000 1910 rado. to 14,255 feet altitude—Remarkable records of glacial period. Sequoia Middle eastern Cali­ 604 The Big Tree National Park—Scores of sequoias 1890 fornia. 20 to 30 feet in diameter, thousands over 10 feet in diameter, General Sherman Tree, 37.3 feet in diameter and 273.9 feet high—Towering mountain ranges—Startling precipices—Mount Whitney-Kern River Canyon. Sullya Hill... North Dakota.. 1 Small park with woods, streams, and a lake—Is 1904 a wild-animal preserve. Wind Cave.. South Dakota.. 17 Cavern having several miles of galleries and 1903 numerous chambers containing peculiar forma­ tions. Yellowstone. Northwestern Wyo­ 3,42(5 More geysers than in all rest of world together — 1872 ming, southwestern Boiling springs—Mud volcanoes—Petrified for­ M ontan a, a n d ests—Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone, re­ northeastern Idaho. markable for gorgeous coloring—Largo lakes- Many large streams and waterfalls—Vast wil­ derness, one of the greatest wild bird and ani­ mal preserves in the world—Exceptional trout fishing. Yosemito Middle eastern Cali­ 1, 139 Valley of world-famed beauty—Lofty cliiTs— 1890 fornia. Romantic vistas—Many waterfalls of extraor­ dinary height—3 groves of Big Trees—High Sierra—Water wheel Falls—Good trout fishing. Zion. Southwestern Utah. 148 Magnificent gorge (Zion Canyon), depth from 1919 1,500 to 2,500 feet, with precipitous walls—Of great beauty and scenic interest. III The National Parks Portfolio (FIFTH EDITION) A presentation of the national Bound securely * * parks and national monu­ in cloth ments in picture. The selection is One dollar from the best work of many photog­ raphers, professional and amateur. It contains nine chapters each de­ scriptive of a national park, and one larger chapter devoted to other parks and monuments. 270 pages, including 310 illustrations. ((Sent postpaid, upon receipt of price in cash or money order, by the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. IV GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK The Grand Teton National Park was established by act of Congress approved by President Coolidge on February 26, 1929. It embraces the most spectacular part of the Teton Mountains of Wyoming, with an area of approximately 150 square miles, or 96,000 acres. It varies from 3 to 9 miles in width and is 27 miles in length. The north line of the park is about 11 miles south of the southern boundary of Yellowstone National Park. In addition to the sublime mountains of the Teton Range, the Grand Teton Park contains five large lakes and many smaller bodies of water, extensive forests of pine, fir, and spruce, and groves of cottonwood and aspen, as well as glaciers and snow fields. Much of its area is above timberline, the Tetons rising from 3,000 to 7,000 feet above the floor of the Jackson Hole, which they border on the west. The range is predominatingly gneiss, as contrasted with the volcanic mountains of the Yellowstone. The Grand Teton Mountain group, scenic climax of the park, is one of the noblest in the world, and one of the few that can be described accurately as cathedrallike. Its great central spire is formed by the summit of the Grand Teton itself. On approaching this mountain group from the north, the visitor beholds a vast cathedral, built of granite and shaped by glaciers, of which the remnants are still at work. From the east and south it strikingly resembles the Matterhorn of the Alps. The thrilling history of the ascents of this peak is sketched elsewhere. Mount Owen is a sister pinnacle of the Grand Teton, and was named in honor of W. O. Owen, the Wyoming pioneer whose party made the first fully proved ascent of the Grand Teton. Mount Moran is the monolith rising above Jackson and Leigh Lakes in the northern part of the park, and has an elevation of 12,100 feet. In the order of height the greatest peaks are Grand Teton, 13,747 feet elevation; Mount Owen, 12,910 feet; and Middle Teton, 12,769 feet, The lakes—Leigh, Jenny, Bradley, Taggart, and Phelps—are exquisitely beautiful as they nestle in the forests at the foot of the Tetons and mirror the towering summits in their quiet waters. Only Jenny and Leigh Lakes are accessible by automobile. String is the little lake connecting these two, the largest lakes of the park.