cryptogamie Bryologie 2020 ● 41 ● 8 DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION/ PUBLICATION DIRECTOR : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Denis LAMY ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Marianne SALAÜN ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Marianne SALAÜN RÉDACTEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS Biologie moléculaire et phylogénie / Molecular biology and phylogeny Bernard GOFFINET Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut (United States) Mousses d’Europe / European mosses Isabel DRAPER Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Francisco LARA GARCÍA Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Mousses d’Afrique et d’Antarctique / African and Antarctic mosses Rysiek OCHYRA Laboratory of Bryology, Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow (Pologne) Bryophytes d’Asie / Asian bryophytes Rui-Liang ZHU School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai (China) Bioindication / Biomonitoring Franck-Olivier DENAYER Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Laboratoire de Botanique et de Cryptogamie, Lille (France) Écologie des bryophytes / Ecology of bryophyte Nagore GARCÍA MEDINA Department of Biology (Botany), and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) COUVERTURE / COVER : Extraits d’éléments de la Figure 4 / Extracts of the Figure 4 Cryptogamie, Bryologie est indexé dans / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is indexed in: – Biological Abstracts – Current Contents – Science Citation Index – Publications bibliographiques du CNRS (Pascal). Cryptogamie, Bryologie est distribué en version électronique par / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Cryptogamie, Bryologie est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris Cryptogamie, Bryologie is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2020 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1290-0796 / ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1776-0992 Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. in Hungary predominantly terricolous and found in managed forests Judit DEME Department of Ecology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs (Hungary) [email protected] (corresponding author) Peter ERZBERGER Belziger Str. 37, D-10823 Berlin (Germany) [email protected] Dániel KOVÁCS Fehérvári út 41, H-2422 Mezőfalva (Hungary) [email protected] István Zsolt TÓTH Duna-Dráva National Park Directorate, Tettye tér 9, H-7625 Pécs (Hungary) [email protected] János CSIKY Department of Ecology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs (Hungary) [email protected] Submitted on 27 May 2019 | Accepted on 13 May 2020 | Published on 24 June 2020 Deme J., Erzberger P., Kovács D., Tóth I. Z. & Csiky J. 2020. — Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. in Hungary predominantly terricolous and found in managed forests. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 41 (8): 89-103. https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a8. http://cryptogamie.com/bryologie/41/8 ABSTRACT Field studies in Hungary during the last six years have led to the discovery of 82 localities and 2145 sporophytes of Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl., i.e. 41 times more localities and 143 times more sporophytes than reported in the previous census carried out up to 2014. The recent occurrences of the species known at that time (two localities with four stands and 15 sporophytes) were found exclusively on decaying wood in old growth forests. How- ever, in the light of 20th century herbarium data from Hungary and new observations in Central KEYWORDS Europe, our survey was extended to include the soil of acidophytic, young and middle-aged, man- Acidic soil, aged and disturbed forests, and the new populations were mainly found in these types of habitats, acidophytic forests, Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw., almost exclusively on acidic soil. Details of population size, habitat and substrate preference, and disturbed habitats, environmental conditions at the newly found stands are reported in this paper. If these unusual ecology, preferences (i.e. acidic soil in managed, acidophytic beech forests) are not confined to Hungary, the management, old growth forest, total population size of this Natura 2000 species listed in annex II of the Habitat Directive might be substrate preference. severely underestimated in Europe. CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2020 • 41 (8) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.cryptogamie.com/bryologie 89 Deme J. et al. RÉSUMÉ Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. à prédominance terricole en Hongrie et trouvée dans les forêts aménagées. Les études sur le terrain menées en Hongrie au cours des six dernières années ont permis de découvrir 82 localités et 2145 sporophytes de Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl., c’est-à-dire 41 fois plus de localités et 143 fois plus de sporophytes qu’au dernier recensement effectué jusqu’en 2014. Les occurrences récentes précédemment connues de l’espèce (deux localités avec quatre peuplements et 15 sporophytes) ont été trouvées exclusivement sur du bois en décom- position dans des forêts anciennes. Cependant, d’après les données des spécimens hongrois dans l’herbier au XXe siècle et les nouvelles observations réalisées en Europe centrale, notre étude a été MOTS CLÉS étendue aux sols de forêts à caractère acidophytique, jeunes et d’âges moyens, gérées et perturbées, et Sol acide, les nouvelles populations se trouvaient principalement dans ces types d’habitats, presque exclusive- forêts à substrat acide, Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw., ment sur des sols acides. La taille de la population, l’habitat et la préférence du substrat ainsi que les habitats perturbés, conditions environnementales des peuplements récemment découverts sont ici précisément décrits. écologie, Si ces préférences inhabituelles (sol acide dans les hêtraies aménagées à substrat acide) ne se limitent aménagement, forêt ancienne, pas à la Hongrie, la taille de la population de cette espèce Natura 2000 inscrite dans l’annexe II de préférence de substrat. la Directive Habitat pourrait être fortement sous-estimée en Europe. INTRODUCTION occupied forests and the extent of any potential disturbance; and to identify the most important fine-scale indicators of The bryological literature on Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. the species in order to increase the chance of its being found ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. apparently agrees during further surveys. on its habitat: the species is characterized as colonizing dead wood (usually conifers, mainly Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), in an advanced state of decay. It is typically found in stands of MATERIAL AND METHODS the alliance Nowellion curvifoliae Phil. 1965, but very rarely also occurs on soil. The rotting wood that it colonizes is usu- From 2014 to 2019 systematic surveys were carried out in ally found in montane and boreal regions, in sites with high Hungary, in each year from mid-autumn to early summer, air humidity, especially stands of old beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) when the capsules of B. viridis are most noticeable. The field or conifer forests, often in ravines, where human impact is work was conducted in the seven historical localities (Boros absent (Orbán & Vajda 1983; Hill & Preston 1998; Dierssen 1968; Erzberger et al. 2018) and in other landscape areas where 2001; Plášek 2004; Smith 2004; Schofield 2007; Amphlett similar habitats occur. Based on 20th century herbarium data 2010; Papp et al. 2014; Goia & Gafta 2018). Based on this from Hungary and new observations in Europe (e.g. Taylor paradigm, it was primarily this type of habitat that was targeted 2010; Holá et al. 2014; Jasík & Potocky 2016), the targeted during earlier investigations in the 21st century in Hungary, habitats were acidophytic communities – mainly beech (Fagus although the previously known seven populations were mostly sylvatica) forests and oak (Quercus petraea agg.) forests and found on acidic soil (Boros 1968; Erzberger et. al. 2018). spruce (Picea abies) plantations – and ravine forests, includ- The two existing populations occurring on decaying wood ing young and middle-aged, disturbed stands, in the colline in beech forests, partly on limestone, were very small, with and (sub)montane regions of Hungary. The visited sites were 15 sporophytes on 4 beech logs (Papp et al. 2014). selected according to the habitat distribution maps of Bölöni According to the literature (Plášek 2004, Fudali et al. 2015, et al. (2008, 2011) and our own field experience, but some Spitale & Mair 2015), the main habitat types