Robert Frysztak, PhD. Structure of the Human Body Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine PELVIS MUSCLE TABLE PROXIMAL ATTACHMENT DISTAL ATTACHMENT MUSCLE INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY MUSCLE GROUP (ORIGIN) (INSERTION) Superior 2/3 of iliac fossa, ala of Lesser trochanter of femur and shaft Flexes thigh at hips and stabilizes hip Iliacus Femoral nerve Iliac branches of iliolumbar artery Anterior thigh sacrum, anterior sacro‐iliac ligaments inferior to it, to psoas major tendon joint, acts with psoas major Pelvic surface of obturator Medial surface of greater trochanter Laterally rotates extended thigh, Internal pudendal and obturator Obturator internus Nerve to obturator internus Gluteal region membrane and surrounding bone of femur abducts flexed thigh at hip arteries Anterior surface of sacral segments Superior border of greater trochanter Laterally rotates extended thigh, Superior and inferior gluteal arteries, Piriformis Ventral rami of L5, S1, S2 Gluteal region 2–4, sacrotuberous ligament of femur abducts flexed thigh at hip internal pudendal artery Supports pelvic viscera, draws coccyx Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) Ischial spine, sacrospinous ligament Inferior sacrum, coccyx Ventral rami of lower sacral nerves Inferior gluteal artery Pelvic floor forward Perineal body, coccyx, anococcygeal Inferior gluteal artery, internal Body of pubis, tendinous arch of Ventral rami of lower sacral nerves, Supports pelvic viscera, raises pelvic Levator ani raphe, walls of prostate or vagina, pudendal artery and its branches Pelvic floor obturator fascia, ischial spine perineal nerve floor rectum, anal canal (inferior rectal and perineal arteries) Lower part of pubic symphysis, Loops around rectum; no distal Puborectalis superior fascia of urogenital Nerve to levator ani muscle Pelvic floor attachment diaphragm Male: compresses bulb of penis, forces blood into body of penis Male: perineal membrane, corpus during erection, removes urine from Male: median raphe, bulb of penis, cavernosum, bulb of penis Female: Deep branch of perineal nerve from urethra and semen during ejaculation Internal pudendal artery and its Bulbospongiosus perineal body dorsum of clitoris, inferior fascia of Perineal pudendal nerve Female : constricts vaginal orifice, branch (perineal artery) Female : perineal body urogenital diaphragm, bulb of assists in expressing secretions of vestibule, pubic arch greater vestibular gland, forces blood into body of clitoris Perineal branch of internal pudendal Compressor urethrae (female only) Ischiopubic ramus Anterior aspect of urethra Perineal branches of pudendal nerve Sphincter of urethra Perineal artery Male: medial tendinous raphe and Stabilizes perineal body, supports Perineal branch of internal pudendal Deep transverse perineal Inner surface of inferior ischial rami perineal body Female: sides of Perineal branches of pudendal nerve Perineal prostate/vagina artery vagina Deeper fibers surround anal canal, attach posteriorly to coccyx and Perineal and inferior rectal branches Inferior rectal and transverse perineal External anal sphincter Tip of coccyx, anococcygeal ligament Closes anal orifice Perineal anteriorly to central point of of pudendal nerve artery perineum Inferior internal surface of Deep branch of perineal nerve from Forces blood into body of penis and Internal pudendal artery and its Ischiocavernosus Crus of penis or clitoris Perineal ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity pudendal nerve clitoris during erection branch (perineal artery) External fibers from junction of inferior pubic and ischial rami and Male: median raphe in front and Compresses urethra at end of Perineal branch of internal pudendal Sphincter urethrae adjacent fascia; internal fibers pass behind urethra Female: encloses Perineal branches of pudendal nerve micturition; in female also Perineal artery medially to surround membranous urethra, attaches to sides of vagina compresses the distal vagina urethra Sphincter urethrovaginalis (female Passes forward and anterior around Perineal body Perineal branches of pudendal nerve Sphincter of urethra and vagina Perineal branch of pudendal artery Perineal only) urethra Perineal branch of internal pudendal Superficial transverse perineal Ischial rami and tuberosities Central tendon (perineal body) Perineal branches of pudendal nerve Stabilizes central tendon Perineal artery Lower edge of internal oblique and Genital branch of genitofemoral Cremasteric branch of inferior Cremaster Pubic tubercle, crest of pubis Retracts testicle Spermatic cord middle of inguinal ligament nerve epigastric artery 07/16/2015.