For more information about the UK Biodiversity Action Plan visit http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-5155 UK Biodiversity Group Tranche 2 Action Plans Terrestrial and Freshwater Species and Habitats THE RT HON JOHN PRESCOTT MP THE RT HON PETER MANDELSON MP DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER AND SECRETARY OF STATE FOR SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE NORTHERN IRELAND ENVIRONMENT, TRANSPORT AND THE REGIONS SARAH BOYACK MSP CHRISTINE GWYTHER AM MINISTER FOR TRANSPORT AND ASSEMBLY SECRETARY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE, AND THE THE SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FOR WALES Dear Deputy Prime Minister, Secretary of State, Minister and Assembly Secretary, BIODIVERSITY ACTION PLANS I am writing to you in my capacity as Chairman of the United Kingdom Biodiversity Group (UKBG) about the latest group of biodiversity action plans which UKBG have completed and published in the present volume. This is the sixth and final volume in the Tranche 2 Action Plan series and its publication concludes the preparation of plans begun in 1995. The volume has an “uplands” theme and contains 25 species and 4 habitat action plans. Also included are 53 species statements. The species cover a range of taxonomic groups. Technical introductions to these groups have already been published in Volumes III and IV. The statements cover: species where monitoring is required to confirm whether there is any significant decline in their populations; species, not recorded for over 10 years, where search is the only current action possible and for which action plans will be prepared if new populations are discovered; and species where action will be considered as part of the delivery of other relevant habitat and species action plans. As with previous plans, these action plans have been produced through the hard work of Government departments and agencies, voluntary conservation groups, land managers and academic institutions to set challenging but achievable targets to conserve and enhance these species and habitats. As in earlier volumes, the new species action plans are accompanied by a list of lead partners (often a Non-Government Organisation) who will take the lead in their implementation, supported by a contact point (always a Government agency or department). The new species action plans are accompanied by a table showing their indicative costings and the habitat plans include indicative costs, so that those charged with implementation are clear about the scale of the financial consequences. The volume contains a summary of the costings process for all published species action plans. The methodology for costing the habitat action plans was published in Volume II. Publication of this final volume brings to a close the UKBG’s work in preparing plans. Our work is now focusing on implementation of the published plans and here the individual country groups for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland have an increasing important role. Work to assess the level of implementation and the extent to which targets are being achieved is underway. The findings from this work will form part of a Millennium Biodiversity Report which the UKBG will present to the Government and the devolved administrations by the end of next year. On behalf of UKBG, I commend to you and your ministerial colleagues the action plans set out in this volume. SOPHIA LAMBERT Contents Page 1. Introduction ..............................................................5 2. Priority Species Action Plans and Species Statements ...............................8 Vertebrates Action Plans ............................................9 Statements ............................................15 Coleoptera Action Plans ...........................................16 Statements ............................................30 Hymenoptera Action Plans ...........................................50 Statements ............................................53 Lepidoptera Action Plans ...........................................56 Statements ............................................69 Other invertebrates Action Plans ...........................................74 Statements ............................................82 Fungus Statement .............................................86 Lichens Action Plans ...........................................88 Statements ............................................95 Bryophytes Action Plans ...........................................96 Statements ...........................................101 Vascular Plant Statement ..................................................119 Priority Habitat Action Plans ...............................................121 Lowland raised bog .....................................122 Blanket bog ..........................................130 Upland calcareous grassland ..............................137 Upland heathland ......................................141 Annexes 1. List of abbreviations and acronyms ...........................................148 2. Action plan costings ......................................................149 3. List of species and habitats, with Contact Points, Lead Partners and Lead Agencies/Departments ...............................................150 1. Introduction 1.1 Each of the species and habitat action plans published in this and previous volumes in the series have cost estimates attached. These estimates provide Government and the partners involved in the implementation of the plans with an idea of the resource commitment entailed in their delivery. In the case of species, these costs are summarised as a table of additional average annual costs (see Annex 2). More detailed information on the cost estimates will be available in a series of reports to be published by English Nature in its Research Report series, available Enquiry Service. There will be separate reports for habitats and species, together with a summary report habitats. Habitat costings 1.2 The methodology for the costing of the habitat action plans was described in Volume II Terrestrial and freshwater habitats.The total figure for each action plan is built up from estimates for each of the specific actions contained therein. Each of the actions was costed by using a list of generic costs derived from a range of data, and expert opinion and assumptions on how the actions would be undertaken (how much area requires restoration, how much manpower is needed, etc). The cost estimates are therefore indicative only, and actual costs will be determined by the accuracy of the assumptions made, which in turn depends on unforeseen circumstances and new information arising during the course of plan implementation. 1.3 The costing of the species action plans followed a similar ‘bottom-up’ approach of deriving costs for individual actions within the plan, and its methodology is outlined below. Species costings 1.4 Cost estimates have been produced by gathering a wide range of cost data, for example, the costs of habitat maintenance, experimental reintroductions, advising landowners, surveying populations, genetic research and publicity. The data sought focussed on the actions outlined in the SAPs. This data was then used to construct a table of standard estimates that could be used for costing particular elements of each action plan. 1.5 Data were obtained from specialists within a range of organisations. These included English Nature, Countryside Council for Wales, Scottish Natural Heritage, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, RSPB, Plantlife, the Forestry Commision, university departments and various other individuals with relevant expertise. The authors and editors of the SAPs were also closely consulted throughout the process. 1.6 Agri-environmental grant data was obtained from the Ministry for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Welsh Office Agricultural Department (WOAD), Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment and Fisheries Department (SOAEFD) and Forestry Commission (FC) for schemes including Countryside Stewardship, Environmentally Sensitive Areas, Arable Stewardship, Woodland Grant Scheme, Tir Cymen, and the Countryside Premium Scheme. 1.7 The cost estimates are based on the methodology first used for action plans published in the Biodiversity: the UK Steering Group Report (1995). It used the standard estimates described above as a basis for calculations to arrive at a figure for each SAP. These calculations took into account factors such as the number of sites requiring habitat management, the number 5 of land managers who needed to be advised on a species, and the number of years that monitoring was required at a site. Example calculation The standard estimate for survey work was £180 per day plus £50% overheads and report writing (a total of £270 per day). It was estimated that action 5.5.1 of the river shingle beetles action plan (‘Continue to undertake surveys to determine the UK status of these species’) would take 10 days per year over the 10 year life of the plan. The cost estimate for this survey action was therefore £2.7K per year. 1.8 The following principles and assumptions should be noted. The cost estimates: ! are indicative only, based on the experience of past or current projects, and the estimations of various specialists; ! are for the UK as a whole; ! are additional to both current and projected expenditure under existing programmes (works planned in advance of the development of an action plan), which was estimated as part of the costing process; ! are for the public and private sector combined. No attempt has been made to apportion