No. 16-1082 IN THE Supreme Court of the United States ___________________ KARINA GARCIA, YARI OSORIO, BENJAMIN BECKER, CASSANDRA REGAN, YAREIDIS PEREZ, STEPHANIE JEAN UMOH, TYLER SOVA, MICHAEL CRICKMORE, AND BROOKE FEINSTEIN, Petitioners, v. MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG, RAYMOND W. KELLY, CITY OF NEW YORK, AND JANE AND JOHN DOES 1-40, Respondents. ___________________ On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ___________________ BRIEF OF AMICI CURIAE THE REPORTERS COMMITTEE FOR FREEDOM OF THE PRESS AND NATIONAL PRESS PHOTOGRAPHERS ASSOCIATION IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONERS ___________________ Bruce D. Brown Robert Corn-Revere* Gregg P. Leslie Eric J. Feder The Reporters Committee for Davis Wright Tremaine LLP Freedom of the Press 1919 Pennsylvania Ave., NW 1156 15th St. NW Suite 800 Suite 1250 Washington, DC 20006 Washington, DC 20005 (202) 973-4200 [email protected] Mickey H. Osterreicher National Press Photographers Counsel for Amici Curiae Association *Counsel of Record 120 Hooper Street Athens, GA 30602 LEGAL PRINTERS LLC, Washington DC ! 202-747-2400 ! legalprinters.com i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ........................................ ii INTERESTS OF AMICI CURIAE ............................. 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ..................................... 2 ARGUMENT ............................................................... 3 A. The First Amendment Rights of Freedom of the Press and Freedom to Peaceably Assemble Are Intertwined ............................ 4 B. The News Media Has a Particularly Strong Interest in Curbing Law Enforcement Abuses During Public Protests .......................................................... 7 CONCLUSION .......................................................... 11 ii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Page(s) Cases ACLU v. Alvarez, 679 F.3d 583 (7th Cir. 2012) .................................. 6 Cox Broad. Corp. v. Cohn, 420 U.S. 469 (1975) ................................................ 5 Cox v. State of Louisiana, 379 U.S. 559 (1965) .......................................... 4, 11 Estes v. State of Tex., 381 U.S. 532 (1965) ................................................ 5 First Nat’l Bank of Boston v. Bellotti, 435 U.S. 765 (1978) ................................................ 6 Fordyce v. City of Seattle, 55 F.3d 436 (9th Cir. 1995) .................................... 6 Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada, 501 U.S. 1030 (1991) .............................................. 6 Glik v. Cuniffe, 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011) .................................... 6 Grosjean v. Am. Press Co., 297 U.S. 233 (1936) ................................................ 5 Houchins v. KQED, Inc., 438 U.S. 1 (1978) .................................................... 5 iii Mills v. State of Ala., 384 U.S. 214 (1966) ................................................ 5 NAACP v. Ala. ex rel. Patterson, 357 U.S. 449 (1958) ................................................ 4 NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415 (1963) ................................................ 3 Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980) ................................................ 4 Sheppard v. Maxwell, 384 U.S. 333 (1966) ................................................ 6 Smith v. City of Cumming, 212 F.3d 1332 (11th Cir. 2000) .............................. 6 Turner v. Lieutenant Driver, 848 F.3d 678 (5th Cir. 2017) .............................. 6, 7 United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1875) .................................................. 4 Constitutional Provisions U.S. Const. amend. I ......................................... passim iv Other Authorities Abby Phillip, Police in Ferguson arrest and threaten more journalists, Wash. Post (Aug. 18, 2014), available at http://www.washingtonpost.com/new s/post-nation/wp/2014/08/18/police- in-ferguson-arrest-and-threaten- more-journalists/ .................................................... 8 Alexandra Ellerbeck, Journalists covering Standing Rock face charges as police arrest protesters, Comm. to Protect Journalists (Feb. 17, 2017), https://cpj.org/blog/2017/02/journalist s-covering-standing-rock-face- charges-as.php ....................................................... 9 Alleen Brown, Arrests of Journalists at Standing Rock Test the Boundaries of the First Amendment, The Intercept (Nov. 27, 2016), https://theintercept.com/2016/11/27/a rrests-of-journalists-at-standing- rock-test-the-boundaries-of-the-first- amendment/............................................................ 9 Amy Dalrymple, At least 7 journalists charged with crimes during ND pipeline protests, Bismarck Tribune (Nov. 5, 2016), available at http://bismarcktribune.com/news/sta te-and-regional/at-least-journalists- charged-with-crimes-during-nd- pipeline-protests/article_64d2a5cc- f1f1-5873-87d0-22b54f05e8aa.html ....................... 9 v Brian Stelter, 6 more journalists arrested in Ferguson protests, CNN (Aug. 19, 2014), available at www.cnn.com/2014/08/19/us/ferguso n-journalists-arrested/ ........................................... 8 Brief of Amici Curiae National Press Photographers Association and Media and Free Speech Organizations in Support of Plaintiff-Appellant, Higginbotham v. City of New York, No. 16-3994 (2d Cir. Mar. 17, 2017), available at http://blogs.nppa.org/ advocacy/files/2017/03/Higginbotham -Amici-Filed-Brief-03-17-17.pdf ............................. 2 Carlet Cleare (@ccleare), Twitter (July 8, 2016, 10:45 PM), https://twitter.com/ccleare/status/751 653412295548928 .......................................... 10, 11 Casey Ferrand, Reporter describes ‘scary’ arrest while covering protests in Baton Rouge, WDSU (July 14, 2016), http://www.wdsu.com/article/reporte r-describes-scary-arrest-while- covering-protests-in-baton- rouge/3608763 ........................................................ 9 vi Colin Campbell, Journalist arrested during protests at legislature, News & Observer (Dec. 15, 2016), http://www.newsobserver.com/news/ politics-government/ politics- columns-blogs/under-the- dome/article121175203.html ................................. 9 Erika Fry, Who’s a Journalist?, Columbia Journalism Review (Oct. 7, 2011), available at http://archives.cjr.org/behind_the_ne ws/whos_a_journalist_1.php .................................. 7 Jack Mirkinson, Occupy Wall Street November 17: Journalists Arrested, Beaten By Police (Nov. 17, 2011, updated Jan. 17, 2012), available at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/ 11/ 17/occupy-wall-street-nov-17- journalists-arrested- beaten_n_1099661.htm .......................................... 7 Johan Engel Bromwich, Felony Charges for Journalists Arrested at Inauguration Protests Raise Fears for Press Freedom, N.Y. Times (Jan. 25, 2017), available at www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/busine ss/media/journalists-arrested-trump- inauguration.html ................................................ 10 vii Josh Stearns, Tracking Journalist Arrests at Occupy Protests Around the Country, Storify, https://storify.com/jcstearns/tracking -journalist-arrests-during-the- occupy-prot (last visited Apr. 7, 2017) ....................................................................... 8 Letter from George Freeman, et al., to Deputy Commissioner Paul J. Browne (Nov. 21, 2011), available at https://www.rcfp.org/sites/default/file s/20111121-lettertonypddeputy commissionerforpublicaffairs.pdf .......................... 7 Liam Stack, Felony Charges Dropped Against 4 Reporters Arrested at Inauguration Protests, N.Y. Times (Jan. 30, 2017), available at https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/30 /us/journalists-arrested- inauguration-charges.html .................................. 10 Melanie Eversley, Getty photographer arrested in Ferguson, Mo. unrest, USA Today (Aug. 19, 2014), available at www.usatoday.com/story/news/natio n/2014/08/18/getty-photographer- arrested-scott-olson/14265155/ .............................. 8 viii Michael Calderone, CBS News Reporter Sopan Deb Arrested While Covering Donald Trump Rally, Huffington Post (Mar. 12, 2016), http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry /sopan-deb-detained-trump- rally_us_56e3fb1de4b0860f99d931a2 ................... 9 Morgan Winsor, Black Reporter’s Arrest During Rochester, New York, Protest Captured on Live TV, ABC News (July 9, 2016), available at http://abcnews.go.com/US/police- arrest-74-people-including-reporters- protest-rochester/ story?id=40459279) ................................................ 9 Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, Press Release: Reporters Committee statement on arrest of journalists in Ferguson (Aug. 14, 2014), available at https://www.rcfp.org/reporters- committee-statement-arrest- journalists-ferguso/ ................................................ 2 Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, Reporters Committee reminds journalists of legal assistance hotline during inaugural events (Jan. 18, 2017), available at https://www.rcfp.org/reporters- committee-reminds-journalists-legal- assistance-hotline-during-inaugural- events...................................................................... 2 ix Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, Updates on journalists arrested and charged with rioting during Presidential Inauguration protests, https://www.rcfp.org/ inauguration- protest-arrests (last visited Apr. 6, 2017) ............................................. 10 Sara Rafsky, At Occupy protests, U.S. journalists arrested, assaulted, Committee to Protect Journalists (Nov. 11, 2011), available at https://cpj.org/blog/2011/11/at- occupy-protests-us-journalists-