Activity report generated January 2021 Nicaragua This report provides a series of summary charts, statistics and other details about the mobilization and use of open-access species data through the GBIF network, relating to users and participating institutions in Nicaragua. These metrics show status at the time of report generation, unless otherwise noted. Taken together, the elements of this report can help guide and measure progress toward the information needs for biodiversity research, as well as for national commitments on biodiversity and sustainable development. ▶ Access and usage Researchers from Nicaragua contributed to 2 peer-reviewed articles citing GBIF use during 2020 and a total of 4 articles since 2008 ▶ Data availability in Nicaragua Animalia Plantae Fungi Unknown 780,600 214,962 1,261 4,841 occurrences occurrences occurrences occurrences Protozoa Bacteria Virus Chromista Archaea 327 72 72 3,173 0 occurrences occurrences occurrences occurrences occurrences ▶ Data mobilization Institutions from Nicaragua published 88,594 new occurrence records during 2020 out of a total of 268,835,604 occurrence records added globally to GBIF.org Number of records published by institutions in Nicaragua, categorized by kingdom 2 | 5 Access and usage Data downloads on GBIF.org from users in Nicaragua Users from Nicaragua made 19 download requests representing 0.0% of all downloads during 2020 Monthly downloads requested by users in Nicaragua Recent peer-reviewed articles using GBIF-mediated data by co-authors based in Nicaragua The GBIF Secretariat maintains and reports on an ongoing literature tracking programme, giving priority to substantive uses of GBIF- mediated data in peer-reviewed literature while identifying the countries or areas of the authors’ institutional affiliations. The citations below represent the five most recent journal articles with at least one co-author from Nicaragua. Those interested in assisting the Secretariat in identifying additional peer-reviewed uses of GBIF-mediated data may forward relevant citations to [email protected]. Medina-Fitoria, Ávila-Palma, Martínez et al. (2020) Los murciélagos (Chiroptera) del Caribe de Honduras y Nicaragua: una comparación sobre su diversidad en cinco diferentes coberturas vegetales. Neotropical Biodiversity. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2020.1804748 Adjonou, Abotsi, Segla et al. (2020) Vulnerability of African Rosewood (Pterocarpus erinaceus, Fabaceae) natural stands to climate change and implications for silviculture in West Africa. Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04031 Singh, Balodi, Naithani et al. (2017) Vascular plant diversity with special reference to invasion of alien species on the Doon University Campus, Dehradun, India. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJBC2016.1035 Bunn, Läderach, Jimenez et al. (2015) Multiclass classification of agro- See all research from this country or area ecological zones for arabica coffee: An improved understanding of the gbif.org/country/NI/publications impacts of climate change. PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140490 3 | 5 Data availability Total data available for selected taxonomic groups in Nicaragua Mammals Birds Bony fish Amphibians 14,296 537,585 13,881 6,875 occurrences occurrences occurrences occurrences Insects Reptiles Molluscs 185,233 8,681 4,961 occurrences occurrences occurrences Arachnids Flowering Gymnosper Ferns 2,206 plants ms 13,701 occurrences 194,406 398 occurrences occurrences occurrences Mosses Sac fungi Basidiomycota 2,948 871 381 occurrences occurrences occurrences Mammals = Class Mammalia Insects = Class Insecta Flowering plants = Phylum Ferns = Phylum Pteridophyta Birds = Class Aves Reptiles = Class Reptilia Magnoliophyta Mosses = Phylum Bryophyta Bony fish = Superclass Molluscs = Phylum Mollusca Gymnosperms = Superclass Sac fungi = Phylum Ascomycota Osteichthyes Arachnids = Class Arachnida Gymnospermae Basidiomycota = Phylum Amphibians = Class Amphibia Basidiomycota Change over time in records about biodiversity in Nicaragua Occurrence records available about species occurring Species for which at least one occurrence record is in Nicaragua available in Nicaragua WHY MIGHT THE AMOUNT OF MOBILIZED DATA SPECIES COUNTS represent the number of binomial scientific DECREASE? names for which GBIF has received data records, organized as far Datasets are sometimes removed by publishers, but more often as possible using synonyms recorded in key databases like the decreases in the number of records are due to the removal of Catalogue of Life duplicate records and datasets. 4 | 5 Most recent datasets from publishers in Nicaragua mel. Published by Museo Entomológico de León – MEL https://doi.org/10.15468/8a3pzs See all datasets from this country or area: gbif.org/dataset/search?publishing_country=NI Newest publishers from Nicaragua Occurrence records downloaded from GBIF.org, published by institutions in Nicaragua Museo Entomológico de León – MEL Number of occurrence records downloaded via See all publishers from this country or area GBIF.org published by institutions in Nicaragua gbif.org/publisher/search?country=NI 5 | 5 Data mobilization Data sharing with country or area of origin by national institutions in Nicaragua Nicaragua publishes data from 79 countries, territories and islands including 653,097 occurrences in 2 occurrence datasets Data sharing with country or area of origin The chart above shows the number of records shared over time by publishers within Nicaragua, with separate colours for records about species occurring within undefined and those occurring elsewhere. Top data contributors about biodiversity Top datasets contributing data about in Nicaragua Nicaragua Rank Country or area No. of occurrences EOD - eBird Observation Dataset. 521,455 occurrences in Nicaragua. (Last updated 30 Jun 2020) 1 Nicaragua 636,835 Tropicos Specimen Data. 165,632 occurrences in 2 United States of America 319,957 Nicaragua. (Last updated 26 Jan 2021) 3 Spain 6,487 mel. 115,380 occurrences in Nicaragua. (Last updated 4 Mexico 5,439 18 Aug 2016) 5 United Kingdom 5,200 Snow Entomological Museum Collection. 25,889 6 Germany 5,143 occurrences in Nicaragua. (Last updated 3 Dec 2020) 7 Netherlands 3,954 AntWeb. 24,566 occurrences in Nicaragua. (Last updated 3 Nov 2020) 8 Costa Rica 3,537 9 Brazil 3,397 10 Colombia 2,251 Table 1. Ranking of countries or areas contributing data about Nicaragua See all contributing countries and areas or datasets: gbif.org/country/NI/about.