palevolcomptes rendus 2021 20 2 DIRECTEURS DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTORS : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Étienne Ghys, Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF / EDITORS-IN-CHIEF : Michel Laurin (CNRS), Philippe Taquet (Académie des sciences) ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Adeline Lopes (Académie des sciences ; [email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Fariza Sissi, Audrina Neveu (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle; [email protected]) ÉDITEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS (*, took charge of the editorial process of the article/a pris en charge le suivi éditorial de l’article) : Amniotes du Mésozoïque/Mesozoic amniotes Hans-Dieter Sues (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington) Lépidosauromorphes/Lepidosauromorphs Hussam Zaher (Universidade de São Paulo) Métazoaires/Metazoa Annalisa Ferretti* (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena) Micropaléontologie/Micropalaeontology Maria Rose Petrizzo (Université de Milan) Palaeoanthropology R. 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Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr Académie des sciences, Institut de France, 23 quai de Conti, 75006 Paris. © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle / © Académiedes sciences, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1631-0683/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1777-571X The first representative of the trap-jaw ant genusAnochetus Mayr, 1861 in Neogene amber from Sumatra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Valerie NGÔ-MULLER UFR Sciences du Vivant, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris (France) and Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Université des Antilles, Sorbonne Université, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris (France) [email protected] (corresponding author) Romain GARROUSTE Thomas SCHUBNEL Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Université des Antilles, Sorbonne Université, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris (France) Jean-Marc POUILLON 178 rue des Plattières, F-38300 Nivolas Vermelle (France) Vigo CHRISTOPHERSEN Arne CHRISTOPHERSEN Starborn Creations, 105 Portal Lane, 86336 Sedona, Arizona (United States) André NEL Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Université des Antilles, Sorbonne Université, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris (France) Submitted on 25 March 2019 | Accepted on 20 December 2019 | Published on 18 January 2021 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:388097C0-0545-4ED5-A152-0280CFDB1CDA Ngô-Muller V., Garrouste R., Schubnel T., Pouillon J.-M., Christophersen V., Christophersen N. & Nel A. 2021. — The first representative of the trap-jaw ant genusAnochetus Mayr, 1861 in Neogene amber from Sumatra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Comptes Rendus Palevol 20 (2): 21-27. https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a2 COMPTES RENDUS PALEVOL • 2021 • 20 (2) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum et/and Académie des sciences, Paris. www.cr-palevol.fr 21 Ngô-Muller V. et al. ABSTRACT The ponerine ant Anochetus miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste & Nel, n. sp. is described from a fossil alate female preserved in amber of Sumatra which is reputedly of Miocene age. On the basis of the general morphology, the fossil could be attributed to the extant Sumatran species group risii KEY WORDS Insecta, Brown, 1978. By comparing with the living environment of the extant species, this ant probably Hymenoptera, lived in a warm humid forest where it was trapped in dipterocarpacean resin during nuptial flight. Formicidae, Until now, the known Cenozoic distribution of the genus Anochetus was restricted to the Neotropi- Ponerinae, new species, cal region. Thus A. miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste & Nel, n. sp. brings the first record of the Sumatran amber. genus from Indomalaya biogeographic region. RÉSUMÉ La première fourmi du genre Anochetus Mayr, 1861 de l’ambre néogène de Sumatra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). La fourmi ponérine Anochetus miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste & Nel, n. sp. est décrite à partir d’une femelle fossile ailée, conservée dans l’ambre de Sumatra, réputée d’âge Miocène. Sur la base de la morphologie, le fossile pourrait être attribué à l’espèce actuelle du groupe risii MOTS CLÉS Insectes, Brown, 1978 de Sumatra. Par comparaison avec l’environnement de vie de l’espèce actuelle, cette Hymenoptera, fourmi a probablement vécu dans une forêt chaude et humide, où elle a été piégée dans une résine Formicidae, diptérocarpacéenne pendant le vol nuptial. Jusqu’à présent, la distribution cénozoïque connue Ponerinae, espèce nouvelle, était restreinte à la zone néotropicale. Ainsi, A. miosumatrensis Ngô-Muller, Garrouste & Nel, ambre de Sumatra. n. sp. fournit le premier enregistrement du genre dans la zone indo-malaisienne. INTRODUCTION Going back in time, one subfossil is known from the Holocene Madagascan copal, while eight fossil Anochetus Ponerinae were estimated to originate about 73 million species were described from the Miocene Dominican amber years ago (Mya) in the most recent molecular analysis of (Baroni-Urbani 1980; MacKay 1991; De Andrade 1994; ants (Borowiec et al. 2019). But the two putative fossil Vankerkhoven et al. 2010; Antweb). records from the Turonian (–91 Mya) of South Africa and Here we describe the first fossil Anochetus discovered in the the Campanian (–72 Mya) of Myanmar suggest an older reputedly Miocene Sumatran amber. It is an alate queen that age (Dlussky et al. 2004; Barden 2017; Zheng et al. 2018). was probably trapped in resin during nuptial flight. Larabee Ponerine ants become more and more abundant through the et al. (2016) proposed dates for the differentAnochetus species Cenozoic, being known as fossils in the Nearctic, Palearctic groups. Thus the study of this new fossil may help to test the and Australian regions, either as compression fossils or inclu- maximum age of this Sumatran amber currently determined sions in amber (Barden 2017). on the basis of stratigraphy. Trap jaws have evolved independently several times in ants, and are found in the subfamilies Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae (review in Larabee & Suarez 2014), as well as in MATERIAL AND METHODS the extinct Sphecomyrminae (Perrichot et al. 2016). Within the Ponerinae, the tribe Ponerini consists of 25 genera, among The fossil is preserved in a piece of relatively darkened yel- which both the genus Anochetus Mayr, 1861 and its sister low amber, which was carefully ground and polished prior to group Odontomachus Latreille, 1804 exclusively contain trap- examination and photography. It is part of a small collection jaw ants (Brown 1976, 1978; revised by Larabee et al. 2016). of 53 amber pieces with inclusions bought from a local trader The genusAnochetus is predominantly intertropical and (Starnborn Creations). This material will be deposited by Jean- forest-inhabiting (Brown 1978). In the Indomalaya bioregion Marc Pouillon in the near future in an official institution. This where Sumatra belongs, there are 4691 ant species, but only fossil resin is assigned to the Glessite group (Narudeesombat 14 of the 1307 Indonesian species belong to Anochetus.