FM 3-22.9(FM23-9) RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4, AND M4 CARBINE APRIL 2003 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (www.us.army.mil) and General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at (http://www.train.army.mil) C 4, FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9) Change 4 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 13 September 2006 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4, AND M4 CARBINE 1. Change FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9), 24 April 2003, as follows: Remove old pages: Insert new pages: Contents Contents Preface Preface 2-23 through 2-30 2-23 through 2-31 4-19 through 4-21 4-19 through 4-25 6-9 through 6-15 6-9 through 6-16 7-1 through 7-2 7-1 through 7-2 7-17 through 7-24 7-17 through 7-24 8-13 through 8-23 8-13 through 8-24 A-21 through A-42 A-21 through A-43 B-5 through B-6 B-5 through B-6 Glossary Glossary Index Index DA Form 3595-R DA Form 3595-R DA Form 5790-R DA Form 5790-R 2. A star (*) marks new or changed material. 3. File this transmittal sheet in front of the publication. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. By Order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: PETER J. SCHOOMAKER General, United States Army Chief of Staff JOYCE E. MORROW Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army 0624204 DISTRIBUTION: Regular Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with initial distribution number 110187 requirements for FM 3-22.9. C3, FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9) Change 3 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 28 April 2005 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4 AND M4 CARBINE 1. Change FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9), 24 April 2003, as follows: Remove old pages: Insert new pages: 4-1 through 4-4 4-1 through 4-4 5-31 through 5-39 5-31 through 5-40 7-1 through 7-57 7-1 through 7-59 A-1 through A-2 A-1 through A-2 C-1 through C-2 C-1 through C-2 C-9 through C-10 C-9 through C-10 2. A star (*) marks new or changed material. 3. File this transmittal sheet in front of the publication. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. By Order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: PETER J. SCHOOMAKER General, United States Army Chief of Staff SANDRA R. RILEY Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army 0509710 DISTRIBUTION: Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with initial distribution number 110187 requirements for FM 3-22.9. FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9) C2 Change 2 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 14 April 2004 RIFLE MARKSHMASHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16/4 AND M4 CARBINE 1. Change FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9), 24 April 2003, as follows: Remove old pages: Insert new pages: 7-19 through 7-26 ......................7-19 through 7-26 8-11 through 8-14 ......................8-11 through 8-14 G-5 through G-6 ........................G-5 through G-6 2. A star (*) marks new or changed material. 3. File this transmittal sheet in front of the publication. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. By Order of the Secretary of the Army: PETER J. SCHOOMAKER General, United States Army Official: Chief of Staff JOEL B. HUDSON Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army 0409604 DISTRIBUTION: Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with initial distribution number 110187, requirements for FM 3-22.9. FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9) C1 Change 1 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 22 January 2004 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M1614, AND M4 CARBINE 1. Change FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9), 24 April 2003, as follows: Remove old pages: Insert new pages: 7-21 through 7-22 ............................ 7-21 through 7-22 D-3 through D-6 ............................... D-3 through D-6 2. A star (*) marks new or changed material. 3. File this transmittal sheet in front of the publication. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. By Order of the Secretary of the Army: PETER J. SCHOOMAKER General, United States Army Chief of Staff Official: JOEL B. HUDSON Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army 0400810 DISTRIBUTION: Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with initial distribution number 110187, requirements for FM 3-22.9. C 4, FM 3-22.9(FM 23-9) FIELD MANUAL HEADQUARTERS No. 3-22.9 (23-9) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON, DC, 13 September 2006 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4, and M4 CARBINE CONTENTS Page PREFACE...........................................................................................................................v CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION AND TRAINING STRATEGY Section I. Training Overview................................................................................ 1-1 1-1. Objectives ................................................................................. 1-1 1-2. Training Strategy ...................................................................... 1-1 1-3. Training Phases......................................................................... 1-3 Section II. Marksmanship Training Strategy.......................................................... 1-5 1-4. Mission-Essential Tasks........................................................... 1-5 1-5. Training Assessment................................................................. 1-5 1-6. Basic Program Implementation ................................................ 1-6 1-7. Training the Trainer.................................................................. 1-6 1-8. Duties of the Instructor-Trainer ................................................ 1-7 1-9. Trainer Certification Program................................................... 1-7 1-10. Qualification Training...............................................................1-9 1-11. Unit Live-Fire Exercises......................................................... 1-10 1-12. Commander’s Evaluation Guide............................................. 1-11 CHAPTER 2. CHARACTERISTICS, AMMUNITION, AND ACCESSORIES 2-1. Characteristics........................................................................... 2-1 2-2. Rail Adapter System ................................................................. 2-9 2-3. Rail Grabbers and MILES Training Extender ........................ 2-12 2-4. Backup Iron Sight ................................................................... 2-14 2-5. M68, Close-Combat Optic...................................................... 2-15 2-6. AN/PAQ-4B/C Infrared Aiming Light................................... 2-17 2-7. AN/PEQ-2A Target Pointer/Illuminator/Aiming Light.......... 2-19 2-8. AN/PAS-13 (V2) Medium Thermal Weapon Sight and AN/PAS-13 (V3) Heavy Thermal Weapon Sight................... 2-22 2-9. AN/PVS-4 Night Vision Sight................................................ 2-23 2-10. Borelight................................................................................. 2-25 * 2-11. Ammunition Types and Characteristics.................................. 2-26 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. __________________________ *This publication supersedes FM 23-9, July 1989. i C 4, FM 3-22.9 Page CHAPTER 3. TROUBLESHOOTING AND DESTRUCTION 3-1. Stoppages.................................................................................. 3-1 3-2. Malfunctions............................................................................. 3-2 3-3. Destruction Procedures............................................................. 3-7 CHAPTER 4. PRELIMINARY RIFLE INSTRUCTION (PHASE I of Basic Rifle Marksmanship) Section I. Introduction to Basic Rifle Marksmanship and Mechanical Training.. 4-1 4-1. Clearing..................................................................................... 4-2 4-2. Cycles of Functioning............................................................... 4-2 4-3. Modes of Fire............................................................................ 4-8 4-4. Peer Coaching......................................................................... 4-10 Section II. Marksmanship Fundamentals I........................................................... 4-11 4-5. The Four Fundamentals .......................................................... 4-12 4-6. Firing Positions....................................................................... 4-18 * 4-7. Proper Wear and Fit of Interceptor Body Armor.................... 4-19 * 4-8. Firing Positions with Interceptor Body Armor....................... 4-21 * 4-9. Training Devices and Exercises.............................................. 4-24 Section III. Marksmanship Fundamentals II.......................................................... 4-25 * 4-10. Weaponeer.............................................................................. 4-25 * 4-11. Engagement Skills Trainer 2000............................................. 4-25 CHAPTER 5. DOWNRANGE FEEDBACK (PHASE II of Basic Rifle Marksmanship) 5-1. Grouping Procedures................................................................ 5-1 5-2. Zeroing Procedures................................................................. 5-14 5-3. Known-Distance Range (With or Without LOMAH) ............ 5-17 5-4. Effects of Wind and Gravity................................................... 5-26 5-5. Ballistics..................................................................................5-32