E2620 v. 2 1 Public Disclosure Authorized Conseil Ouest Africain et du Centre pour la Recherche et le Développement / West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development World Bank (CORAF/WECARD) ____ WEST AFRICA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMME (PPAAO/WAAPP 1-C) Public Disclosure Authorized ____ (Guinea, Benin, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Togo) ____ Public Disclosure Authorized Pests and Pesticides Management Plan (PPMP) _______________ FINAL REPORT August 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized Team of Experts: • Mbaye Mbengue FAYE, Environmental and Social Assessment, Team Leader • Alassane SENE, Environmental Geography 2 • Ebrima SECKA, Pests and Pesticides Management • Hamet Aly SOW, Biologist, Environmental Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................................. 5 Executive Summary............................................................................................................. 8 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................... 11 1.1. Context .........................................................................................................................................11 1.2. Objective of the PPMP...................................................................................................................11 2. Presentation of WAAPP 1C........................................................................................... 13 2.1. Objectives of WAAPP 1C ...............................................................................................................13 2.2. General components of WAAPP 1C ...............................................................................................13 2.3. Components of WAAPP 1C country per country. ............................................................................13 2.3.1. Benin....................................................................................................................................13 2.3.2. Guinea..................................................................................................................................14 2.3.3. Liberia..................................................................................................................................14 2.3.4. Sierra Leone.........................................................................................................................15 2.3.5. Togo.....................................................................................................................................15 3. Legal framework and institutional capacities.............................................................. 17 3.1. Legislative and Regulatory Framework Of Pesticide Management ........................................17 3.1.1. International Conventions on the Environment ...................................................................17 3.1.2. Regulatory texts in Benin ....................................................................................................18 3.1.3. Regulatory texts in Guinea ..................................................................................................20 3.1.4. Regulatory texts in Liberia ..................................................................................................21 3.1.5. Regulatory texts in Sierra-Leone .........................................................................................22 3.1.6. Regulatory texts in Togo......................................................................................................23 3.2. Institutional framework for pesticide management..................................................................25 3.2.1.The institutional framework in Benin...................................................................................25 3.2.2. The institutional framework in Guinea................................................................................26 3.2.3.Institutional framework in Liberia........................................................................................28 3.2.4. Institutional framework in Sierra Leone..............................................................................29 3.2.5. Institutional framework in Togo ..........................................................................................30 4. Pest and Pesticide Management Approaches in Agriculture and Public Health ...... 32 4.1. Pests found in agriculture and public health............................................................................32 4.1.1. Pests found in Agriculture ...................................................................................................32 4.1.2. Pests in Public Health ..........................................................................................................33 4.2. Integrated management approaches in Benin..........................................................................33 4.2.1. Management Approach in Public Health.............................................................................36 4.3. Integrated management approaches in Guinea........................................................................36 4.3.1. Management approach in Agriculture .................................................................................36 4.3.2. Management approach in Public Health..............................................................................38 4.4. Integrated Pests and Pesticides Management Approaches in Liberia.....................................38 4.4.1 Pesticides in Agriculture.......................................................................................................38 4.4.2. Pesticides in Health Sector ..................................................................................................39 4.4.3. Experience of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)..............................................................39 4.5. Integrated Pesticides Management Approches in Sierra Leone ..............................................39 4.5.1. Pest Management Approaches.............................................................................................39 4.5.2. Pesticide Management in Agriculture..................................................................................40 3 4.5.3. Pesticide Management in Public Health Sector...................................................................40 4.5.4. Experience of Integrated Pest Management ........................................................................40 4.6. Integrated management approaches in Togo ...........................................................................40 4.6.1. Management approach in agriculture...................................................................................40 4.6.2. Management approach in Public Health..............................................................................41 4.6.3. Integrated Control Methods.................................................................................................41 5. Pesticide Management Methods and Usage ........................................................................ 44 5.1 Management methods in Benin .................................................................................................44 5.2 Management methods in Guinea ...............................................................................................46 5.3 Management methods in Liberia ...............................................................................................47 5.4 Management of Pesticides in Sierra Leone ...............................................................................48 5.5 Management methods in Togo...................................................................................................48 5.6 Synthesis of pesticide management in targeted countries.........................................................50 5.6.1. Stock-taking of pesticide commercialization.......................................................................50 5.6.2. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of pesticides used.................................................50 5.6.3. Pesticide use.........................................................................................................................50 5.7 Negative impacts of uncontrolled use of pesticides ...................................................................50 5.7.1. Population at risk .................................................................................................................51 5.7.2. Adverse effects on the environment. ...................................................................................52 5.7.3. Impact on health and causes ................................................................................................52 5.7.4. Pesticides-related accidents .................................................................................................52 5.7.5. Synthesis of impacts and risks of pesticides management methods ....................................53 5.8 Assessment of knowledge and practices in pesticide management...........................................53 6. Assessment of the implementation of existing PPMP .......................................................... 55 6.1 Assessment of the implementation of existing plans in Benin..................................................55