i Tracing the cultural legacy of Irish Catholicism 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd i 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM ii 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd iiii 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM iii Tracing the cultural legacy of Irish Catholicism From Galway to Cloyne and beyond Edited by Eamon Maher and Eugene O’Brien Manchester University Press 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd iiiiii 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM iv Copyright © Manchester University Press 2017 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing- in- Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data applied for ISBN 978 1 5261 0106 8 hardback First published 2017 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third- party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Out of House Publishing Printed in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd iivv 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM v To our wives and families: Liz, Liam, Marcella and Kevin; Áine, Eoin, Dara and Sinéad; for their unstinting support and for putting up with us 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd v 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM vi 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd vvii 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM vii Contents Notes on contributors page ix Introduction 1 Eamon Maher and Eugene O’Brien Part I: Tracing change and setting the context 21 1 ‘The times they are a changin’: Tracing the transformation of Irish Catholicism through the eyes of a journalist 23 Patsy McGarry 2 Revisiting the faith of our fathers … and reimagining its relevance in the context of twenty- fi rst- century Ireland 38 Louise Fuller 3 Dethroning Irish Catholicism: Church, State, and modernity in contemporary Ireland 53 David Carroll Cochran 4 Refracted visions: Street photography, humanism and the loss of innocence 70 Justin Carville 5 Contemporary Irish Catholicism: A time of hope! 89 Vincent Twomey Part II: Going against the tide 103 6 The poetry of accumulation: Irish- American fables of resistance 105 Eamonn Wall 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd vviiii 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM viii viii Contents 7 Prophetic voices or complicit functionaries? Irish priests and the unravelling of a culture 117 Eamon Maher 8 Tony Flannery: A witness in an age of witnesses 132 Catherine Maignant 9 ‘Belief shifts’: Ireland’s referendum and the journey from Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft 145 Eugene O’Brien Part III: Challenges in the here and now 161 10 Faith, hope and clarity? A new church for the unhoused 163 Michael Cronin 11 The people in the pews: Silent and betrayed 176 Patricia Casey 12 Irreconcilable diff erences? The fraught relationship between women and the Catholic Church in Ireland 192 Sharon Tighe- Mooney 13 The Catholic twilight 209 Joe Cleary Index 226 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd vviiiiii 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM ix Contributors Justin Carville teaches Historical and Theoretical Studies in Photography and is Chair of the Photography Programme at the Institute of Art, Design and Technology, Dun Laoghaire. A former Government of Ireland Senior Research Scholar in the Humanities and Social Sciences, he has guest- edited a special Ireland- themed issue of the Journal of Popular Visual Culture and an issue of the journal Photographies on the photographic image and globalisation. His publica- tions include Photography and Ireland (2011) and, as editor, Visualizing Dublin: Visual Culture, Modernity and the Representation of Urban Space (2013). He is currently researching the connections between photography, anthropology and the repre- sentation of Irish identity, for which he was awarded an Irish Research Council fellowship. Patricia Casey is Professor of Psychiatry in University College Dublin and Consultant Psychiatrist at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin. Her research interests include suicide, self-harm and stress disorders. She is the author of ten academic books and is currently working on another, to be pub- lished by American Psychiatric Publishing in 2015. She contributed a further twenty- seven chapters to academic and other books and is the author of over 100 peer- reviewed papers, published in academic journals. She is a peer reviewer for the major international psychiatric journals and is editor of BJPsych- Advances , published by the Royal College of Psychiatrists in London. She writes a weekly column (‘Mind and Meaning’) for Ireland’s biggest- selling broadsheet newspaper ( Irish Independent ) and contributes regularly to the media (TV, radio and print). Joe Cleary is Professor of English at the National University of Ireland, Maynooth. His publications include Literature, Partition and the Nation-State: Culture and Confl ict in Ireland, Israel and Palestine (2002), The Cambridge Companion to Modern Irish Culture , co- edited with Claire Connolly (2005) and Outrageous Fortune: Capital 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd iixx 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM x x Notes on contributors and Culture in Modern Ireland (2007). He has most recently edited The Cambridge Companion to Irish Modernism , published in 2014. His articles have appeared in many leading Irish, British and American journals including South Atlantic Quarterly , Boundary 2 , Modern Language Quarterly , Textual Practice , The Field Day Review and Éire- Ireland . David Carroll Cochran is Professor of Politics and Director of the Kucera Center at Loras College in Dubuque, Iowa. His main areas of teaching and schol- arship are religion and politics, racial and ethnic politics, and the morality of war. He most recent books are, as author, Catholic Realism and the Abolition of War (2014) and, as co- editor with John C. Waldmeir, The Catholic Church in Ireland Today (2015). In addition to his academic writing, he frequently writes about politics and culture for magazines such as America and Commonweal . Michael Cronin teaches in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Dublin City University. He is author of Translating Ireland: Translation, Languages and Identity (1996); Across the Lines: Travel, Language, Translation (2000); Translation and Globalization (2003); Time Tracks: Scenes from the Irish Everyday (2003); Irish in the New Century/ An Ghaeilge san Aois Nua (2005), Translation and Identity (2006); The Barrytown Trilogy (2007); Translation Goes to the Movies (2009) and The Expanding World: Towards a Politics of Microspection (2012), Translation in the Digital Age (2013). He is co- editor of Tourism in Ireland: A Critical Analysis (1993); Anthologie de nouvelles irlandaises (1997); Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies (1998); Reinventing Ireland: Culture, Society and the Global Economy (2002); Irish Tourism: Image, Culture and Identity (2003); The Languages of Ireland (2003) and Transforming Ireland (2009). He is a Member of the Royal Irish Academy and of the Academia Europeae . Louise Fuller is Associate Fellow, Department of History, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland. She is author of Irish Catholicism since 1950: The Undoing of a Culture (2004) and co- editor with Eamon Maher and John Littleton of Irish and Catholic? Towards an Understanding of Identity (2006). She has contributed chapters to many volumes and published several journal articles on Irish socio- cultural history with particular reference to the role and infl uence of the Catholic Church. Her research interests include Irish political and cultural history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the history of Irish education, the interplay between religion and society and its infl uence on socio- cultural change and the role of religion in the formation of identity. Eamon Maher is Director of the National Centre for Franco- Irish Studies in IT Tallaght, where he also lectures in humanities. He is General Editor of the Reimagining Ireland book series. He has written and edited a number of books, the most recent of which, with Eugene O’Brien, are the collections From Prosperity 99781526101068_pi-225.indd781526101068_pi-225.indd x 110/28/20160/28/2016 33:45:04:45:04 PPMM xi Notes on contributors xi to Austerity: A Socio-cultural Critique of the Celtic Tiger and Its Aftermath (2014) and, with Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire, Tickling the Palate: Gastronomy in Irish Literature and Culture (2014). Eamon is currently working on a study of the twentieth- century Catholic novel, as well as writing a monograph on the French writer, Jean Sulivan. Catherine Maignant is Professor of Irish Studies at the University of Lille and President of the French Association for Irish Studies. After writing a Ph.D. on early medieval Irish Christianity, she now specialises in contemporary Irish reli- gious history. Her research interests include the new religious movements, the response of the Catholic Church to secularisation, interreligious dialogue, Celtic Christianity and the religious aspects of globalisation. Patsy McGarry is Religious Aff airs Correspondent with the Irish Times . He has written numerous books, most notably While Justice Slept: The True Story of Nicky Kelly and the Sallins Train Robbery (2006) and First Citizen: Mary McAleese and the Irish Presidency (2008). Eugene O’Brien is Senior Lecturer and Head of the Department of English Language and Literature in Mary Immaculate College, Limerick, and Director of the Mary Immaculate College Institute for Irish Studies.