Chapter 7 One City, One Plan Downtown Development Plan KEY TOPICS Downtown Vision Hartford 2010 Downtown Goals Front Street Downtown North Market Segments Proposed Developments Commercial Market Entertainment Culture Regional Connectivity Goals & Objectives Adopted June 3, 2010 One City, One Plan– POCD 2020 7- 2 recent additions into the downtown include the Introduction Downtown Plan relocation of Capitol Community College to the Recently many American cities have seen a former G. Fox building, development in the movement of people, particularly young profes- Adriaen’s Landing project area, including the sionals and empty nesters, back into down- Connecticut Convention Center and the towns. Vibrant urban settings with a mix of uses Connecticut Center for Science and Exploration, that afford residents opportunities for employ- Morgan St. Garage, Hartford Marriott Down- ment, residential living, entertainment, culture town Hotel, and the construction of the Public and regional connectivity in a compact pedes- Safety Complex. trian-friendly setting are attractive to residents. Hartford’s Downtown is complex in terms of Downtowns like Hartford offer access to enter- land use, having a mix of uses both horizontally tainment, bars, restaurants, and cultural venues and vertically. The overall land use distribution unlike their suburban counterparts. includes a mix of institutional (24%), commercial The purpose of this chapter is to address the (18%), open space (7%), residential (3%), vacant Downtown’s current conditions and begin to land (7%), and transportation (41%). This mix of frame a comprehensive vision of the Downtown’s different uses has given Downtown Hartford the future. It will also serve to update the existing vibrant character befitting the center of a major Downtown Plan which was adopted in 1998. metropolitan region. Downtown Hartford Downtown Hartford is the governmental, institu- Vision tional and cultural center of a metropolitan The most important ingredient for a vibrant region of approximately 1.2 million people. The Downtown Hartford is population. “Population” extent of the Downtown is shown in the figure can take many forms; it includes people who live to the right. The high-rise office buildings and downtown and work downtown. It also includes state government offices are centered around people who visit the downtown area to shop, the focal point of Bushnell Park, with its numer- dine, or attend an entertainment or cultural ous features of historic, architectural and natural event. It includes commuters arriving and depart- significance. The recent addition of new housing ing at Union Station, and making bus transfers on units in the Downtown area, including several Main Street. It includes students attending one of high-end apartment complexes, has added to the secondary or post-secondary educational the mix of office space, restaurants, entertain- facilities within the Downtown. Statehouse Square ment venues and cultural attractions. Other 7- 3 One City, One Plan– POCD 2020 Based upon an analysis of the existing land use and the characteristics of the housing stock, there are approximately 2,500 to 2,800 residents living in Downtown Hartford. A resident popula- tion of between 8,000 and 10,000 people is needed for a vibrant Downtown Hartford that is self-sustaining, which means that Downtown Hartford has a large enough resident population to support a reasonably extensive array of activi- ties and land uses without requiring a periodic influx of visitors from outside the City for eco- nomic survival. This element of self-sufficiency flows into the second desirable characteristic, that of regional attractiveness. Once a downtown area has reached a level of self-sufficiency, it tends to be viewed as “successful,” thereby increasing its positive visibility and attracting visitors from the surrounding region. A downtown that is gener- ally viewed as successful can also attract additional new businesses and residents much more easily than one that is viewed as unsuc- cessful or unappealing; the influx of additional new businesses and residents further strength- ens the downtown’s self-sufficiency. In terms of downtown development, success tends to foster more success. In order to accommodate this resident popula- tion level, it is estimated that between 5,000 and 6,000 housing units would be needed in Down- town Hartford, assuming an average of roughly Potential sites for new residential development 1.8 persons per housing unit. This total 7- 4 compares to an estimated 1,600 housing units design and transportation elements, must also Downtown Plan currently located in the defined Downtown area. provide a range of activities that occur at differ- These units should represent a diverse cross- ent times of each day, and on different days of section of housing types, not just one or two the week. Doing so will ensure that areas of housing forms that are presently en vogue. Downtown that connect its major activity nodes These housing types should include active adult in fact become 24/7 centers of activity them- housing, housing for college students, housing selves and will enable a seamless transition for young professionals and housing for families. New housing should include an affordable component that enables residents of all economic levels to participate in the Downtown residential market. In order to achieve a vibrant economy in Down- town, increased economic activity and (perhaps most importantly) a diversification of economic uses has to occur. We estimate that existing commercial space occupancy must increase to the following levels: Class A Office Space Occupancy = 95% Class B and C Office Space Occupancy = 85%-90% Retail Space Occupancy = 90% Downtown Hartford currently possesses a number of well-established residential, employ- ment, entertainment, cultural and government activity nodes that are already quite successful as shown on the figure titled “Downtown Clus- ters” An integral part of Downtown’s future success will be improving the connections between these existing nodes in a comprehen- sive manner. These enhanced connections, which will consist primarily of land use, urban Downtown Clusters 7- 5 One City, One Plan– POCD 2020 between Downtown’s established assets. Improve facades and streetscapes Develop a plan to attract specific retail However, economic activity in the Downtown activity needs to diversify. The Downtown cannot rely Relocate bus transfer points from Main solely on government and corporate office jobs Street and redistribute through-transit interspersed with limited service sector employ- away from Main Street ment. A wider base of economic sectors needs Rationalize parking to be established in Downtown. Utilize the HBID to improve cleanliness and security Hartford 2010– Downtown Enforce traffic and noise ordinances Convergence Trident Evaluate current marketing and promo- tion activities The Downtown cannot rely solely on government The 2010 study focused on key intersections and corporate office jobs. referred to as “Tridents” serving the City and Work/Employment inner ring suburbs of East Hartford, Bloomfield, West Hartford, Wethersfield, and Windsor. The Although the City of Hartford has experienced Tridents are Terry Square, Upper Albany, Down- an decline in employment over the past fifty town North, Asylum and Farmington, Downtown years, particularly in the retail and manufactur- ing sectors, Downtown Hartford remains an Convergence and South Green. The vision and employment center of both regional and key initiatives of the Downtown Convergence Trident are summarized below. The Downtown national significance. A substantial number of North Trident is discussed later in this chapter. insurance industry and other corporate jobs, combined with a large aggregation of state A historic Main Street that looks and functions government jobs, helps make the City the largest as the central “address” for Downtown is employment center in Connecticut. However, needed to further spur high-value development Downtown Hartford currently has a 20% office throughout the center city. This involves ampli- space vacancy rate and a 40% retail space fying the physical hospitality of Main Street and vacancy rate, indicative of the fact that there is environs to invite more shopping, dining, tour- still a need to improve the economic base of this ism, and center city living. area. Going forward, Hartford will need to reduce its office and retail vacancy rates, as well Key Initiatives as diversify its employment base through the Redesign Main Street including street- scientific/technical services, medical, and arts Hartford Metro Alliance‘s 2010 Tridents scape improvements and entertainment sectors. 7- 6 Entertainment & Culture Residential Life Downtown Plan A mix of entertainment uses and cultural activi- Although Hartford has a large workforce (80,000 ties within the Downtown is important to the jobs in Downtown) very few workers reside in city’s vitality. The following are major cultural Hartford. Hartford has a relatively small number attractions that draw visitors to Hartford’s of housing units when compared to downtowns Downtown: of similar size. Despite recent additions of new housing units in the Downtown, including several The Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts high-end apartment complexes, there is still a gap Bushnell Park performance pavilion between housing and employment. Closing this Wadsworth Atheneum gap by creating ground floor shopping and enter- Hartford Stage Company