70 years of Porsche Sports Cars Porsche AG 02. Juni 2017 70 Jahreyears of flat engines at Porsche Porsche AG 02. Juni 2017 1948: 356 “No. 1” Roadster First Porsche to get a Engine: Flat four-cylinder Displacement: 1,131 cm³ flat four-cylinder engine Output: 26 kW (35 hp) Max. torque: 69 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 23.0 s Top speed: 135 km/h 1962: 356 B GS 2000 Carrera Fuhrmann engine with four camshafts Engine: Flat four-cylinder Displacement: 1,966 cm³ and vertical shafts; built 1953 to 1964 Output: 96 kW (130 hp) Max. torque: 162 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 9.0 s Top speed: 200 km/h 1963: Original 911 – the birth of an icon First Porsche to get a Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 1,991 cm³ flat six-cylinder engine Output: 96 kW (130 hp) Max. torque: 174 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 9.1 s Top speed: 210 km/h 1973: 911 (G model) – the next generation Bosch K-Ketronic Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,687 cm³ replaces mechanical manifold injection Output: 110 kW (150 hp) Max. torque: 235 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 8.5 s Top speed: 210 km/h 1974: 911 Turbo First Porsche to get a flat six-cylinder Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,994 cm³ engine with turbocharging; starting in Output: 191 kW (260 hp) 1977 with 3.3 litres displacement, Max. torque: 343 Nm 300 hp and intercooler 0 - 100 km/h: 5.5 s Top speed: 250 km/h 1980: 911 SC (G model) Displacement increased to 3.0 litres Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,994 cm³ Output: 150 kW (204 hp) Max. torque: 267 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 6.8 s Top speed: 235 km/h 1986: 959 Water-cooled cylinder heads, Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,849 cm³ dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), Output: 331 kW (450 hp) twin turbocharged Max. torque: 500 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 3.9 s Top speed: 315 km/h 1988: 911 Carrera (964) – classic and contemporary Displacement increased to 3.6 litres; Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,600 cm³ Dual ignition with knock control Output: 184 kW (250 hp) Max. torque: 310 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 5.7 s Top speed: 260 km/h 1993: 911 Carrera (993) – the last air-cooled engine Hydraulic valve lift control; starting Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,600 cm³ in 1995: “VarioRam” adjustable Output: 200 kW (272 hp) induction system and 285 hp Max. torque: 330 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 5.6 s Top speed: 270 km/h 1996: Boxster (986) Water-cooled flat engine with Lokasil Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,480 cm³ crankcase, four valves per cylinder, Output: 150 kW (204 hp) “VarioCam” variable camshaft timing and Max. torque: 245 Nm integrated dry sump 0 - 100 km/h: 6.9 s Top speed: 240 km/h 1997: 911 Carrera (996) – the water powerplant Range of new water-cooled flat Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,387 cm³ six-cylinder engines extended for Output: 221 kW (300 hp) the 911; naturally-aspirated engines Max. torque: 350 Nm downsized from 3.6 litres to 3.4 litres 0 - 100 km/h: 5.2 s Top speed: 280 km/h 2004: 911 Carrera (997) – classic and contemporary Displacement increased from 3.4 litres Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,596 cm³ back to 3.6 litres Output: 239 kW (325 hp) Max. torque: 370 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 5.0 s Top speed: 285 km/h 2006: 911 Turbo (997) First petrol engine to get turbocharger Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,600 cm³ with variable turbine geometry (VTG) Output: 353 kW (480 hp) Max. torque: 620 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 3.9 s Top speed: 310 km/h 2008: 911 Carrera (997 II) New 9A1 engine range Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,614 cm³ with direct petrol injection Output: 254 kW (345 hp) Max. torque: 390 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 4.9 s Top speed: 289 km/h 2011: 911 Carrera (991) – the maturity factor Naturally-aspirated engines downsized Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 3,436 cm³ again from 3.6 to 3.4 litres displacement; Output: 257 kW (350 hp) thermal management Max. torque: 390 Nm 0 - 100 km/h: 4.8 s Top speed: 289 km/h 2015 – 2018: 911 Carrera (991 II) Completely new engine generation: Engine: Flat six-cylinder Displacement: 2,981 cm³ Downsizing by turbocharging with Output: 272 kW (370 hp) central injector positioning and iron- Max. torque: 450 Nm coated cylinder liners in crankcase 0 - 100 km/h: 4.6 s Top speed: 295 km/h 2016 – 2018: 718 Boxster (982) Completely redeveloped flat Engine: Flat four-cylinder Displacement: 1,988 cm³ four-cylinder engines with turbocharging; Output: 220 kW (300 hp) new range of flat engines with four- and Max. torque: 380 Nm six-cylinder turbocharged engines 0 - 100 km/h: 5.1 s Top speed: 275 km/h New range of flat four- and six-cylinder engines B6 B4 New range of flat four- and six-cylinder engines B6 B4 New range of flat four- and six-cylinder engines New range of flat four- and six-cylinder engines B6 B4 Identical parts Identical technology Specific parts B6/B4 Motivation and challenges Motivation and challenges LOW CENTRE OF GRAVITY Motivation and challenges FREE- REVVING Motivation and challenges EXCELLENT DRIVING PERFORMANCE Trend in engine output in the 356/911 (base model) 300 250 200 150 100 50 Power [kW] 0 1948 1958 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008 2018 Trend in displacement in the 356/911 (base model) 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 Displacement [l] 1,0 1948 1958 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008 2018 Trend in specific output in the 356/911 (base model) 100 90 80 70 60 50 [kW/l] 40 30 Specific output Specific output 20 1948 1958 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008 2018 Crankshaft, example of 911 2.7 l (1974) 3.8 l (2013) 200 Change compared to 1974 [%] 150 146 100 Weight: +40% 89 - 60 Turbo 50 40 Specific output: 11 8 0 Naturally aspirated +89% (naturally- -9 -19 -50 aspirated) Main Main Connecting Connecting Web Weight Specific Specific bearing bearing width rod bearing rod bearing width output output +146% (turbo) diameter diameter width [kW/l] [kW/l] Cylinders/linings 1963 2018 Air-cooled separate cylinders Water-cooled crankcase Separate cylinders Closed-deck construction Grey cast iron recast with aluminium Al alloy (AlSi7) with iron coating Bore: 80 mm Bore: 91 mm Cylinder head 1963 2018 Air-cooled separate cylinder heads Water-cooled cylinder heads Valve train 1963 – 1993 2018 OHC DOHC VarioCam Plus Future of flat engines Electrification Optimised combustion Emissions processes Vision The last car with combustion engine VISION ever to be built will be a sports car with Boxer engine. .