Upper Hazel River Bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load Plan Technical Report Submitted to: Virginia Department of Conservation & Recreation and Virginia Department of Environmental Quality Prepared by: Engineering Concepts, Inc. Submitted: June 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLES ..........................................................................................................................................3 FIGURES.........................................................................................................................................3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................................................................................4 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................................................................................................5 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 5 Review of TMDL Study ............................................................................................................. 6 Public Participation..................................................................................................................... 6 Implementation Actions.............................................................................................................. 7 Measurable Goals and Milestones for Attaining Water Quality Standards................................ 8 Stakeholder’s Roles and Responsibilities ................................................................................... 9 Integration with Other Watershed Plans................................................................................... 10 Potential Funding Sources ........................................................................................................ 10 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................12 2.1 Background................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Project Methodology..................................................................................................... 13 3. STATE AND FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION PLANS ...........15 3.1 Designated Uses............................................................................................................ 16 4. REVIEW OF TMDL DEVELOPMENT STUDY.................................................................17 4.1 Watershed Description.................................................................................................. 17 4.2 Water Quality Assessment............................................................................................ 21 4.3 Bacteria Sources............................................................................................................ 21 4.4 Modeling Procedures.................................................................................................... 23 4.5 Allocation and Staged Implementation Reductions...................................................... 23 4.6 Implications of TMDL and Modeling Procedure on Implementation Plan Development 24 5. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................................................25 5.1 Process .......................................................................................................................... 25 5.2 Working Groups Summary........................................................................................... 26 5.2.1 Agricultural Working Group.................................................................................26 5.2.2 Residential Working Group.................................................................................. 27 5.2.3 Governmental Working Group ............................................................................. 28 5.3 Steering Committee Summary...................................................................................... 29 5.4 Final Public Meeting Summary .................................................................................... 30 6. IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS.........................................................................................31 6.1 Assessment of Implementation Action Needs .............................................................. 31 6.1.1 Identification of Control Measures ....................................................................... 31 6.1.2 Quantification of Agricultural Control Measures................................................. 33 6.1.3 Quantification of Residential Control Measures................................................... 36 6.2 Assessment of Technical Assistance Needs ................................................................. 37 6.3 Cost Analysis................................................................................................................ 39 6.4 Benefit Analysis............................................................................................................ 41 Upper Hazel River TMDL Implementation Plan 1 6.4.1 Human Health....................................................................................................... 41 6.4.2 Economics............................................................................................................. 41 6.4.3 Livestock Herd Health .......................................................................................... 42 6.4.4 Aquatic Community Improved ............................................................................. 42 7. MEASUREABLE GOALS AND MILESTONES FOR ATTAINING WATER QUALITY STANDARDS....................................................................................................43 7.1 Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 46 8. STAKEHOLDER’S ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................................48 9. INTEGRATION WITH OTHER WATERSHED PLANS ...................................................55 10. POTENTIAL FUNDING SOURCES....................................................................................56 10.1 Federal Funding Sources............................................................................................... 56 10.2 Virginia Funding Sources ............................................................................................. 59 10.3 Regional Funding Sources ............................................................................................ 61 10.4 Private Funds................................................................................................................ 62 LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................63 GLOSSARY ..................................................................................................................................64 APPENDIX A................................................................................................................................68 Agricultural Working Group September 16, 2008 Meeting Summary..........................................69 Agricultural Working Group November 18, 2008 Meeting Summary..........................................71 Agricultural Working Group January 12, 2009 Meeting Summary ..............................................73 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................................76 Residential Working Group September 16, 2008 Meeting Summary ...........................................77 Residential Working Group November 18, 2008 Meeting Summary ...........................................79 APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................................81 Government Working Group January 12, 2009 Meeting Summary..............................................82 APPENDIX D................................................................................................................................86 Steering Committee March 30, 2009 Meeting Summary ..............................................................89 APPENDIX E ................................................................................................................................92 Public Meeting April 23, 2009 Summary......................................................................................93 APPENDIX F.................................................................................................................................95 Agricultural Working Group Report to Steering Committee ........................................................96 Government Working Group Report to Steering Committee......................................................100 Residential Working Group Report to Steering Committee........................................................103 APPENDIX G..............................................................................................................................106 Upper Hazel River TMDL Implementation Plan 2 TABLES Table 4.1. Active VPDES permitted point sources in the Upper Hazel River watershed. ........... 22 Table 4.2. Sources of bacteria in the impaired watersheds........................................................... 23 Table 4.3.