GEOGRAPHY 9 Landform Regions of Canada What is a Landform Region? ♦ A landform region is a region in which certain _____________ features are dominant. ♦ Examples of physical features include shields, mountains, hills, plains and lowlands. ♦ Examples of Landform Regions in Canada include: o The _______________ Shield o The Western Cordillera _________________ o The Interior ______________ o The __________ Lowlands The Canadian Shield ♦ The geographic __________________ of Canada ♦ Contains the ____________ rocks in Canada ♦ Dominant rock type is _____________ but the Shield also contains metamorphic rock ♦ Contains valuable minerals in large quantities e.g.: lead, gold, copper, zinc. Often called the “storehouse of Canada's ________________ minerals” ♦ Mining towns include _________, Ontario, Thompson, Manitoba and Yellowknife, NWT ♦ Not well suited to farming because of ________ soils and _______ drainage ♦ Ideal for recreation – lakes, waterfalls, rivers, forests ♦ Glaciation during the Ice Age created depressions which filled with melt water to form thousands of lakes on the impervious Shield – wonderful resource for ________ power The Lowlands ♦ 3 lowland regions surrounding the Shield o The _______________ Plains o __________ Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands o Hudson Bay-___________ Lowlands ♦ Bedrock formed of sediments eroded from the Shield – compressed in shallow seas to form _________________ rock Interior Plains ♦ Part of the Great ___________ of North America ♦ Used to be covered by inland seas – sediments eroded from the Shield and the Rockies were deposited as ____________________ rock ♦ Contain ______ and gas deposits (AB and SK) ♦ Contain mineral deposits such as potash ♦ Softer sedimentary rocks erode – rolling hills and deep wide river valleys ♦ Glacier melt water collected in large lakes such as Lake Winnipeg ♦ Soils developed from the breakdown of the sedimentary rock are ________, fertile and well-drained suitable for ______________________ ♦ Canada’s breadbasket – __________________ ♦ Cattle ranching in drier areas GEOGRAPHY 9 Landform Regions of Canada Great Lakes- St. Lawrence Lowlands ♦ ________________________ bedrock ♦ Glaciation formed a rolling landscape ♦ Great Lakes formed in giant basins carved out by the glacial ice sheet ♦ St. Lawrence Lowland consists of a __________ valley formed by faulting ♦ Most ____________ region in Canada ♦ ________________ soils and _______ climate for agriculture ♦ Industrial and urban _________________ of Canada Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands ♦ Hudson Bay Lowlands consist of a _________, low area covered by ________ forest ♦ Arctic Lowlands – series of islands with gentle rolling hills - permafrost Mountain Regions Appalachian Mountains ♦ Stretch from Southern Georgia (USA) through the Maritimes to Newfoundland in the North ♦ ________________ highland region of Canada ♦ Sedimentary rock layers were uplifted and folded when N. America collided with Europe and N. Africa ♦ Rich in deposits of _______ ♦ _________________ mountains ♦ Glaciers formed deep submerged valleys at he coast – ideal _______ for fishing fleets Innuitian Mountains ♦ Icy, northern mountains ♦ Younger than Appalachians ♦ Formed from sedimentary rock predominantly ♦ Barren (no __________) – extremely cold climate Western Cordillera ♦ The word “cordillera” refers to _____________ mountain ranges separated by plateaux and valleys (draw profile) ♦ Geologically ___________ ♦ Formed from the collision of the North American and Pacific Plates resulting in the uplift of the region into several mountain ranges ♦ Cordillera runs north-south – obstacle to transportation which runs east-west ♦ Only a few passes low enough for roads and railways to _________ over the Cordillera ♦ Population live in river valleys and deltas ♦ ______________ glaciation shapes the topography .