Evaluation of the Austrian Development Cooperation (ADC) Gender Policy between 2004–2011 Final Report Imprint Austrian Development Agency (ADA), the operational unit of the Austrian Development Cooperation Zelinkagasse 2, 1010 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 (0)1 90399-0 Fax: +43 (0)1 90399-1290 [email protected] www.entwicklung.at The evaluation was commissioned by the Directorate-General for Development Cooperation of the Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs and the Evaluation Unit of the Austrian Development Agency and conducted by Prof. Dr. Claudia von Braunmühl Andrea Queiroz de Souz Miriam Amine with support from Raimonda Duka (Albania) and Almaz Woldetensaye Edetto (Ethiopia) – AGEG Con- sultants July 2012 This is an independent evaluation report. Views and conclusions expressed do not necessarily represent those of the contractors. Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 1 2. Background ................................................................................................................................. 7 3. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 9 4. Methodological Approach ......................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Overall approach ............................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Evaluation phases ............................................................................................................. 10 4.3 Stakeholder interviews and focus group discussions ........................................................11 4.4 Document review ............................................................................................................... 12 4.5 Online survey amongst coordination offices ......................................................................12 4.6 Database analysis of gender markers ...............................................................................12 4.7 Analysis of gender assessments .......................................................................................13 4.8 Field visits to Albania and Ethiopia ....................................................................................13 4.9 Donor comparison .............................................................................................................14 5. Evaluation Findings .................................................................................................................. 15 5.1 Relevance of gender policy document ..............................................................................15 5.1.1 Conceptual issues ..................................................................................................... 16 5.1.1.1 Gender Equality ................................................................................................. 16 5.1.1.2 Gender Mainstreaming ....................................................................................... 16 5.1.1.3 Empowerment .................................................................................................... 17 5.1.1.4 Core areas ......................................................................................................... 17 5.1.2 Linkages to international themes and mechanisms .................................................. 18 5.1.2.1 Millennium Development Goals ......................................................................... 18 5.1.2.2 UNSC resolution 1325 ....................................................................................... 19 5.1.2.3 Paris Declaration ................................................................................................ 19 5.1.2.4 Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) ............................................................... 20 5.1.2.5 EU Gender Action Plan ...................................................................................... 20 5.1.3 Gender Mainstreaming of ADC ................................................................................. 20 5.1.3.1 Three-years-programmes .................................................................................. 22 5.1.3.2 Sector guidelines ................................................................................................ 23 5.1.3.3 Operational guidelines ....................................................................................... 24 5.1.4 Regional/country strategies ....................................................................................... 25 5.1.5 Coherence ................................................................................................................. 28 5.2 Effectiveness of gender policy document ..........................................................................30 5.2.1 Gender mechanisms ................................................................................................. 30 5.2.2 Gender instruments ................................................................................................... 31 5.2.2.1 Gender questionnaire ......................................................................................... 34 5.2.2.2 Gender assessments and markers .................................................................... 35 5.2.3 Gender desk .............................................................................................................. 40 5.2.4 Coordination offices ................................................................................................... 42 5.2.4.1 Head of Coordination Office ............................................................................... 43 5.2.4.2 Gender Focal Points .......................................................................................... 44 Final Report Page i 5.2.4.4 Interaction with gender desktone ....................................................................... 45 5.2.5 Country programmes ................................................................................................. 46 5.2.5.1 Planning ............................................................................................................. 46 5.2.5.2 Implementation ................................................................................................... 48 5.2.5.3 Monitoring and evaluation .................................................................................. 51 5.2.6 Donor comparison ..................................................................................................... 52 5.2.6.1 Swiss Development Cooperation ....................................................................... 52 5.2.6.2 Norwegian Development Cooperation (NDC) .................................................... 53 5.3 Efficiency ........................................................................................................................... 55 5.3.1 Impact of gender policy document .....................................................................................56 5.4 Sustainability ..................................................................................................................... 59 6. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 60 7. Lessons Learnt ......................................................................................................................... 65 8. Recommendations .................................................................................................................... 66 9. Annexes .................................................................................................................................... 69 9.1 List of Persons Met ............................................................................................................ 69 9.2 Schedule for the Evaluation ...............................................................................................79 9.3 Distribution of bilateral ADC funds 2004-2010 ................................................................202 9.4 Inclusion of Gender Equality in ADC policy and strategic documents ............................. 204 9.5 Gender assessments analysed .......................................................................................208 9.6 Projects visited / discussed during country visits .............................................................214 9.7 Job description of ADA gender desk ...............................................................................217 9.8 Gender Marker Distribution data .....................................................................................219 9.9 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................... 227 9.10 Maps of Countries for Case Studies ................................................................................234 9.11 Terms of Reference for this Evaluation ...........................................................................235 9.12 Survey Report .................................................................................................................. 251 Final Report Page ii List of Tables Table 1: Overall ODA Spending in EUR m ....................................................................................