DOCUMENT RESUME ED 282 278 CS 505 627 AUTHOR O'Brien, Nancy, Ed. TITLE Status Report on Speech Research: A Report on the Status and Progress of Studies on the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for Its Investigation, and Practical Applications, October-December 1986. INSTITUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn. SPONS AGENCY National Institutes of Health (DHHS), Bethesda, Md.; National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. REPORT NO SR-88(1986) PUB DATE 86 CONTRACT NICHHD-N01-HD-5-2910 GRANT NICHHD-HD-01994; NIH-BRS-RR-05596; NINCDS-NS-13617; NINCDS-NS-13870; NINCDS-NS-18010; NSF-BNS-8520709 NOTE 269p. AVAILABLE FROMU.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22151. PUB TYPE Reports - Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Communication Research; Language Handicaps; *Language Processing; Memory; Neurological Organization; Phonology; Second Languages; *Speech Communication ABSTRACT One of a series of semiannual reports, this paper presents articles exploring the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical research applications. Titles of the papers and their authors are as follows: (1) "Lexical Organization and Welsh Consonant Mutations" (S. Boyce, C. P. Browman, and L. Goldstein); (2) "The Emergence of Cerebral Asymmetries in Early Human Development: A Literature Review and a Neuroembryological Model" (Catherine T. Best); (3) "The Role of Coarticulatory Effects in the Perception of Fricatives by Children and Adults" (Susan Nittrouer and Michael Studdert-Rennedy); (4) "Hemispheric Asymmetries in Phonological Processing" (G. Lukatela, Claudia Carello, M. Savic and M. T. Turvey); (5) "Processing Lexical Ambiguity and Visual Word Recognition in a Deep Orthography" (Shlomo Bentin and Ram Frost); (6) "Some Word Order Effects in Serbo-Croat" (Z. Urosevic, Claudia Carello, M. Savic, G. Lukatela, and M. T. Turvey); (7) "Short-Term Memory, Phonological Processing and Reading Ability" (Susan Brady); (8) "Phase-Locked Modes, Phase Transitions, and Component Oscillators in Biological Motion" (J. A. S. Kelso, G. Schoner, J. P. Scholz, and H. Haken); (9) "Beyond Anatomical Specificity" (M. T. Turvey); (10) "Perceptual Normalization of Vowels Produced by Sinusoidal Voices" (Robert E. Remez, Philip E. Rubin, Lynne C. Nygaard, and William A. Howell); (11) "The Stop-Glide Distinction: Acoustic Analysis and Perceptual Effect of Variation on Syllable Amplitude Envelope for Initial /b/ and /w/" (Susan Nittrouer and Michael Studdert-Rennedy); and (12) "The Development of Language Structure in Children with Down Syndrome" (Anne E. Fowler). (Citation information for each article is included.) (RTH) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office a Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) '.;tthus document has been ra.iroduced as ecewed from the person or organ)zation originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this docu- ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. HASKINS LABORATORIES STATUS REPORT ON SPEECH RESEARCH SR-88 OCTOBER-DECEMBER 1986 A Report on the Status and Progress of Studieson the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for its Investigation, and Practical Applications DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED: The information in this document is available to the general public. Haskins Laboratories distributes it primarily for library use. Copies are available from the National Technical Infor- mation Service or the ERIC Document Reproduction Service. See the Appendix for order number of previous Status Reports. Haskins Laboratories 270 Crown Street New Haven, CT 06511 BEST COPYAVAILABO 2 Michael Studdert-Kennedy, Editor-in-Chief Nancy O'Brien, Editor Yvonne Manning, TeCnician* * This report was produced using TtX, the computer typesetting system developed by Donald E. Knuth at Stanford University. TWE is a registered trademark of the American Mathematkal Society. SR-88 October-December 1986 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported here was made possible in part by support from the following sources: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Grant HD-01994 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Contract NOI-HD-6-2910 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH Biomedical Research Support Grant RR-05596 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Grant BNS-8520709 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL AND COMMUNICATIVE DISORDERS AND STROKE Grant NS 13870 Grant NS 13617 Grant NS 18010 SR-88 October-December 1986 PERSONNEL IN SPEECH RESEARCH Investigators Arthur S. Abramson* Carol A. Fowler* Nancy S. McGarr* Peter J. Alfonso* Rani Frost t Richard S. McGowan* Thomas Baer Dave Garrett* Kevin (4. Munhall Fredericka Bell-Bert? Louis Goldstein* Hiroshi Mutal Catherine Best* Vicki L. Hanson* Susan Nittrouer* Geoffrey Bingham** Katherine S. Harris* Patrick W. Nye Gloria J. Borden* Leonard Katz* Lawrence J. Raphael* Susan Brady* J. A. Scott Kelso* Bruno H. Repp Catherine P. Browrnan Andrea G. Levitt* Philip E. Rubin Etienne Colomb*** Alvin M. Liberman* Elliot Saltzman Franklin S. Cooper* Isabelle Y. Liberman* Donald Shankweiler* Stephen Crain* Diane Li llo-Martin Michael Studdert-Kennedy* Robert Crowder* Leigh Lisker* Betty Tuner* Laurie B. Feldman* Virginia Mann* Michael T. Turvey* Janet Fodor* Ignatius G. Mattingly* Douglas H. Whalen Anne Fowler** Technical/Support Philip Chagnon Donald Hai ley Nancy O'Brien Alice Dadourian Raymond C. Huey* William P. Scully Michael D'Angelo Sabina D. Koroluk Richard S. Sharkany Betty J. Delise Yvonne Manning Edward R. Wiley Vincent Gulisano Bruce Martin Students* Joy Armson Karen Kushner Mark Pitt Dragana Barac Hwei-Bing Lin Nian-qi-Ren Eric Bateson Katrina Lukatela Lawrence D. Rosenblum Suzanne Boyce Paul Macaruso Arlyne Russo Andvi Cooper Harriet Magen Richard C. Schmidt Margaret Dunn Judy Mahoney Jeffrey Shaw Carole E. Geller Sharon Manuel Caroline Smith Joseph Kalinowski Diana Matson Robin Story Bruce Kay Gerald McRoberts Mark Tiede Rena Krakow Sheri L. Mize David Williams Deborah Kuglitsch *Part-time **NIH Research Fellow ***Fogarty International Fellow, Lausanne, Switzerland tPostdoctoral Fellow, Hebrew University, Israel *NRSA Training Fellow 'Visiting from University of Tokyo, Japan SR-88 October-December 1986 Status Reporton Speech Research Haskins Laboratories CONTENTS Lexical organization and Welsh consonant mutations S. Boyce, C. P. Browman, and L. Goldstein 1 The emergence of cerebral asymmetries in early human development: A literature review anda neuroembryological model Catherine T. Best 43 The role of coarticulatory effects in the perception of fricatives by children and adults Susan Nittrouer and Michael Studdert-KeLnedy 73 Hemispheric asymmetries in phonological processing G. Lukatela, Claudia Care llo, M. Savié and M. T. Purvey 95 Processing lexical ambiguity and visual word recognition in a deep orthography Shlomo Bentin and Ram Frost 107 Some word order effects in Serbo-Croat Z. Uroievié, Claudia Care llo, M. Savié, G. Lukatela, and M. T. Turvey 127 Short-term memory, phonological processing and reading ability Susan Brady 145 Phase-locked modes, phase transitions, and component oscillators in biological motion J.A.S. Kelso, G. Schöner, J. P. Scholz, and H. Haken 159 Beyond anatomical specificity M. T. Turvey 177 Perceptual normalization of vowels produced by sinusoidal voices Robert E. Remez, Philip E. Rubin, Lynne C. Nygaard and William A. Howl', 181 The stop-glide distinction: Acoustic analysis and perceptual effect of variation on syllable amplitude eravelope for initial /b/ and /w/. Susan Nittrouer and Michael Studdert Kennedy 213 The development of language structure in children with Down syndrome Anne E. Fowler 221 Publications 265 Appendix: DTIC and ERIC numbers (SR-21/22 - SR-85) 267 SR-88 October-December 1986 vii LEXICAL ORGANIZATION AND WELSH CONSONANT MUTATIONS S. Boyce, C. P. Browman, and L. Goldstein Abstract. The role of phonological form in the lexicalorganization of morphologically related words is investigated usingconsonant muta- tions in Welsh. Consonant mutationsare a regular form of non-abixal morphology, in which the initial consonant ofa word changes de- pending on its syntactic context; for instance, the wordpont 'bridge' may appear as bont or font. In English, it has been shown that af- fixal variants, such as POUR-POURED, prime each other strongly, while non-affixal variants, such as HUNG-HANG, show weakor non- existent priming (Kemp ley & Morton, 1982; Stanners, Neiser, Her- non, & Hall, 1979). Using the task of auditory repetition priming,we show that mutation is similar to affixing in English in that mutated variants prime each other. We further show that abstract morpholog- ical categories, rather than identity of phonological form,are required to organize the Welsh lexicon, thus suggesting that current phonolog- ically based lexical models need to be revise!. An alternative model utilizing an underspecified autosegtnental representation is proposed. INTRODUCTION Recent studies (e.g., Kempley & Morton, 1982) have shown thatmorphologically related words such as POUR and POURED sharea common lexical representation. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which such sharing is constrained by thesimilarity in form between the related words. In particular,we ask whether such sharing is possible when the related words differ in a more complex way than the simple suffixationseen